关于spring:SSM整合

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Spring 整合 SpringMVC,MyBatis
一 Spring 整合 SpringMVC

思路:首先让 Spring 和 SpringMVC 各自可能运行,而后再整合到一起

第一步:搭建 Spring 环境
1. 引入坐标(pom.xml)

<!-- 版本锁定 -->
<properties>    
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    <spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
    <slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version>
    <log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version>
    <mysql.version>5.1.6</mysql.version>
    <mybatis.version>3.4.5</mybatis.version>
  </properties>
<!-- 导入坐标 -->
  <dependencies>
    <!-- spring -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
      <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
      <version>1.6.8</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.12</version>
      <scope>compile</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>${mysql.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.5</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
      <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.0</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>jstl</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- log start -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>log4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
      <version>${log4j.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
      <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
      <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- log end -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
      <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
      <version>1.3.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
      <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
      <version>0.9.1.2</version>
      <type>jar</type>
      <scope>compile</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

2. 编写 Spring 的配置文件:applicationContext.xml
将配置文件都放在 rescourse 目录下,便于管理

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!-- 开启注解扫描,只扫描 service 和 dao,不扫描 Controller-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.ssm">
        <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>
</beans>

在增加依赖时,会报红,解决办法:
File | Settings | Languages & Frameworks | Schemas and DTDs

增加报红语句:http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 即可

第二步:搭建 SpringMVC 的环境
配置前端控制器

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

配置 springmvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <!-- 配置 spring 创立容器时要扫描的包, 这里只扫描 controller 包 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.ssm">
        <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>
    <!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
    <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- 开启注解反对 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
</beans>

第三步:整合 Spring 和 SpingMVC

实质是在 SpringMVC 在 Controller 的办法中调用 service 的办法
要解决的问题:启动 web 我的项目时,只扫描了 SpringMVC 的配置文件,没有扫描 Spring 的配置文件 applicationContext.xml,因而就不会将 service,dao 类加载到容器中
解决办法:利用监听器,在监听到服务器启动时,加载 Spring 的配置文件

Spring 的配置文件加载原理:

1.ServletContext:web 我的项目最大的域对象,在服务器启动时创立,且只会创立一个实例对象,服务器敞开时该实例被销毁。2. 一类监听器:能够监听 ServletContext 实例的创立和销毁。ServletContext 只会实例化一次因而监听器只会执行一次
3. 让监听器去加载 Spring 的配置文件,加载后创立 web 版本工厂,存储在 ServletContext 对象中,须要应用时去 ServletContext 对象中拿

在 web.xml 中配置监听器

<!-- 配置监听器, 默认只加载 WEB-INF 目录下的 applicationContext.xml 配置文件,但当初的配置文件在 src 的 resource 目录下 -->
  <!-- 解决办法:设置配置文件的门路(context-param),不必默认的加载门路 -->
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>

加载 spring 的配置文件后,就能在 Controller 类中注入 service 和 dao 的类

@Controller
@RequestMapping("test")
public class AccountController{

    // 依赖注入
    @Autowired  // 主动注入
    private AccountService accountService;

    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public String Hello(){System.out.println("AccountController 的 Hello 办法执行了");
        accountService.findAll();
        return  "success";
    }
}

Spring 整合 SpringMVC 实现

第四步 搭建 Mybatis 环境

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