关于shardingsphere:Apache-ShardingSphere-代码格式化实战-Spotless

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龙台,Apache ShardingSphere Contributor,GitHub 2.2K star hippo4j 作者,Github ID:longtai-cn。

为什么要代码格式化?代码格式化的意义是让代码更加 易读易懂易批改

ShardingSphere 作为 Apache 顶级开源我的项目,截止以后已有 380+ 贡献者。因为大部分开发人员的代码格调不统一,在 Github 多人合作的模式下,不易保障我的项目整体代码格局。

基于以上诉求,ShardingSphere 采纳了 Spotless 充当代码格局对立的角色。

什么是 Spotless

Spotless 是反对多种语言的代码格式化工具,反对 Maven 和 Gradle 以 Plugin 的模式构建。

Spotless 对开发者来说,有 2 种应用形式:查看代码是否存在格局问题,以及格式化代码。

ShardingSphere 采纳 Maven 构建我的项目,以下若无非凡申明,Spotless 应用 Maven 做演示。

如何应用

下述代码是 Spotless 官网示例。

user@machine repo % mvn spotless:check
[ERROR]  > The following files had format violations:
[ERROR]  src\main\java\com\diffplug\gradle\spotless\FormatExtension.java
[ERROR]    -\t\t····if·(targets.length·==·0)·{[ERROR]    +\t\tif·(targets.length·==·0)·{[ERROR]  Run 'mvn spotless:apply' to fix these violations.
user@machine repo % mvn spotless:apply
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
user@machine repo % mvn spotless:check
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS

通过 mvn spotless:check 查看我的项目代码时发现错误,接着应用 mvn spotless:apply 进行代码格式化;再次查看时,格式化谬误隐没。

1. 我的项目实战

ShardingSphere 应用 Spotless 实现了增加 Java 文件 licenseHeaderJava 代码格式化

Spotless 有多种 Java 代码格式化形式,例如:googleJavaFormat、eclipse、prettier 等。基于定制化的思考,最终采纳 eclipse 进行 Java 代码格式化。

1)依据我的项目需要增加 licenseHeader

/*
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

留神,licenseHeader 最初要留有一行空格 。不然 licenseHeader 和 package 之间将没有空隙。

2)增加 shardingsphere_eclipse_formatter.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
<!--
/**
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */
-->
<profiles version="13">
    <profile kind="CodeFormatterProfile" name="'ShardingSphere Apache Current'" version="13">
        <setting id="org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.source" value="1.8"/>
        <setting id="org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.compliance" value="1.8"/>
        <setting id="org.eclipse.jdt.core.compiler.codegen.targetPlatform" value="1.8"/>
        <setting id="org.eclipse.jdt.core.formatter.indent_empty_lines" value="true"/>
        <setting id="org.eclipse.jdt.core.formatter.tabulation.size" value="4"/>
        <setting id="org.eclipse.jdt.core.formatter.lineSplit" value="200"/>
        <setting id="org.eclipse.jdt.core.formatter.comment.line_length" value="200"/>
        <setting id="org.eclipse.jdt.core.formatter.tabulation.char" value="space"/>
        <setting id="org.eclipse.jdt.core.formatter.indentation.size" value="1"/>
        <setting id="org.eclipse.jdt.core.formatter.comment.format_javadoc_comments" value="false"/>
        <setting id="org.eclipse.jdt.core.formatter.join_wrapped_lines" value="false"/>
        <setting id="org.eclipse.jdt.core.formatter.insert_space_before_colon_in_conditional" value="insert"/>
        <setting id="org.eclipse.jdt.core.formatter.insert_space_before_colon_in_default" value="do not insert"/>
        <setting id="org.eclipse.jdt.core.formatter.alignment_for_enum_constants" value="16"/>
        <setting id="org.eclipse.jdt.core.formatter.insert_space_before_colon_in_labeled_statement" value="do not insert"/>
        <setting id="org.eclipse.jdt.core.formatter.insert_space_before_colon_in_case" value="do not insert"/>
        <setting id="org.eclipse.jdt.core.formatter.alignment_for_conditional_expression" value="80"/>
        <setting id="org.eclipse.jdt.core.formatter.alignment_for_assignment" value="16"/>
        <setting id="org.eclipse.jdt.core.formatter.blank_lines_after_package" value="1"/>
        <setting id="org.eclipse.jdt.core.formatter.continuation_indentation_for_array_initializer" value="2"/>
        <setting id="org.eclipse.jdt.core.formatter.alignment_for_resources_in_try" value="160"/>
        <setting id="org.eclipse.jdt.core.formatter.alignment_for_throws_clause_in_method_declaration" value="10"/>
        <setting id="org.eclipse.jdt.core.formatter.alignment_for_parameters_in_method_declaration" value="106"/>
        <setting id="org.eclipse.jdt.core.formatter.alignment_for_parameters_in_constructor_declaration" value="106"/>
        <setting id="org.eclipse.jdt.core.formatter.alignment_for_throws_clause_in_constructor_declaration" value="106"/>
        <setting id="org.eclipse.jdt.core.formatter.alignment_for_arguments_in_explicit_constructor_call.count_dependent" value="16|5|80"/>
    </profile>
</profiles>

ShardingSphere 最新规定查看 shardingsphere_eclipse_formatter.xml,另提供一份 eclipse-java-google-style.xml 供参考

shardingsphere_eclipse_formatter.xml 的内容是依据 ShardingSphere 代码标准定制开发的,可灵便变动。

3)增加 Maven plugin

<plugin>
    <groupId>com.diffplug.spotless</groupId>
    <artifactId>spotless-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>2.22.1</version>
    <configuration>
        <java>
            <eclipse>
                <file>${maven.multiModuleProjectDirectory}/src/resources/shardingsphere_eclipse_formatter.xml</file>
            </eclipse>
            <licenseHeader>
                <file>${maven.multiModuleProjectDirectory}/src/resources/license-header</file>
            </licenseHeader>
        </java>
    </configuration>
</plugin>

Spotless 反对格式化指定目录,以及排除指定目录的性能,详情参考 plugin-maven#java。如无指定,执行 check 或 apply 时,默认我的项目全量代码。

4)执行代码格式化

执行完上述三个步骤,就能够在我的项目中执行命令,查看 Java 代码是否符合规范,以及代码格式化性能。

user@machine repo % mvn spotless:apply
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
user@machine repo % mvn spotless:check
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS

2. 绑定 Maven 生命周期

在 ShardingSphere 理论利用中,抉择将 Spotless apply 绑定到 compile 阶段,这样本地执行 mvn install 时就能主动格式化。

<plugin>
    <groupId>com.diffplug.spotless</groupId>
    <artifactId>spotless-maven-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>2.22.1</version>
    <configuration>
        <java>
            <eclipse>
                <file>${maven.multiModuleProjectDirectory}/src/resources/shardingsphere_eclipse_formatter.xml</file>
            </eclipse>
            <licenseHeader>
                <file>${maven.multiModuleProjectDirectory}/src/resources/license-header</file>
            </licenseHeader>
        </java>
    </configuration>
    <executions>
        <execution>
            <goals>
                <goal>apply</goal>
            </goals>
            <phase>compile</phase>
        </execution>
    </executions>
</plugin>

3. IDEA 格式化

开发者如果在写代码过程中,想查看单个文件是否符合规范,执行 mvn spotless:checkmvn spotless:apply 显得有些轻便,因为格式化范畴默认是整个我的项目。

咱们能够应用 shardingsphere_eclipse_formatter.xml 替换 IntelliJ IDEA 原有格式化性能,这样在写代码过程中能够随时格式化,极大晋升了开发效率。

IDEA 版本 2019.3.4。

1)装置插件 Eclipse Code Formatter

2)抉择 shardingsphere_eclipse_formatter.xml 为默认格式化模板

应用 IDEA 代码格式化快捷键,就能够实现 Spotless 代码格式化。

常见问题

1. Spotless 与 Checkstyle 抵触

Checkstyle 是一种用于查看 Java 源代码是否合乎代码规范或一组验证规定(最佳实际)的工具。

极其场景下,Spotless 格式化代码后,通过 Checkstyle 查看代码会不通过。

根本原因在于两者设定的查看配置和格式化配置抵触。举个例子,Spotless 格式化后换行缩进了 16 个空格,而 Checkstyle 的换行查看是 12 个空格。

private static Collection<PreciseHintShadowValue<Comparable<?>>> createNoteShadowValues(final ShadowDetermineCondition shadowDetermineCondition) {
    // Checkstyle 能够通过的格局
    return shadowDetermineCondition.getSqlComments().stream().<PreciseHintShadowValue<Comparable<?>>>map(each -> new PreciseHintShadowValue<>(tableName, shadowOperationType, each)).collect(Collectors.toList());
    // Spotless 格式化后
    return shadowDetermineCondition.getSqlComments().stream().<PreciseHintShadowValue<Comparable<?>>>map(each -> new PreciseHintShadowValue<>(tableName, shadowOperationType, each)).collect(Collectors.toList());
}

这种状况,须要开发者掂量如何取舍。解决方案有两种:批改 Spotless 的格式化规定,或批改 Checkstyle 的查看规定。

2. CRLF 与 LF 格式化抵触

参考 https://github.com/diffplug/s…

文末总结

文章介绍了 Apache ShardingSphere 应用 Spotless 实现历史代码格式化,以及后续代码格局的对立,对我的项目代码的整洁起到了很大帮忙。

当然,Spotless 的性能不止 Java 代码的格式化,包含不限于 Pom 和 Markdown 等文件类型的格式化,后续这些都会在 ShardingSphere 得以利用。

欢送点击链接,理解更多内容:

Apache ShardingSphere 官网:https://shardingsphere.apache.org/

Apache ShardingSphere GitHub 地址:https://github.com/apache/shardingsphere

SphereEx 官网:https://www.sphere-ex.com

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