关于javascript:js中的洋葱模型

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这篇文章探讨 js 的洋葱模型以它的实现原理,洋葱模型顾名思义,指的是办法的执行像洋葱一样,一层一层往里执行,直到中心点后,再一层一层往外进去。

下面的图片取自 koa 中间件的流程管制图,react-redux的中间件也采纳了一样的原理。

let fn1 = (next) => {console.log(1)
  next()
  console.log(2)
}

let fn2 = (next) => {console.log(3)
  next()
  console.log(4)
}

let fn3 = (next) => {console.log(5)
  next()
  console.log(6)
}

const middlewares = [fn1, fn2, fn3];

compose(middlewares)();
/* result:1
3
5
6
4
2
*/

合并后的 middlewares 数组,通过 compose 解决打印进去的后果是:1、3、5、6、4、2,咱们能够想到 compose 函数回的函数外面是怎么执行的:


        +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
        |                                                                                  |
        |                              fn1                                                 |
        |                                                                                  |
        |          +-----------------------------------------------------------+           |
        |          |                                                           |           |
        |          |                    fn2                                    |           |
        |          |                                                           |           |
        |          |            +---------------------------------+            |           |
        |          |            |                                 |            |           |
        | action   |  action    |        fn3                      |    action  |   action  |
        | 1        |    3       |                                 |      4     |     2     |
        |          |            |   action              action    |            |           |
        |          |            |     5                   6       |            |           |
        |          |            |                                 |            |           |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------->
        |          |            |                                 |            |           |
        |          |            |                                 |            |           |
        |          |            +---------------------------------+            |           |
        |          +-----------------------------------------------------------+           |
        +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

那么咱们就开始编写 compose 函数,首先它必须返回的是一个函数,并且每次函数执行,都须要将下一个函数作为参数传给它,这样才可能让办法一层层的执行上来,直到最外面一层:

function compose(middlewarw) {return function(args){dispatch(0);
    function dispatch(index){let fn = middlewarw[index] || args;
      if(typeof fn !== "function") return;
      let next = ()=> dispatch(index+1);
      fn(next);
    }
  }
};

当然咱们也心愿碰上异步函数,也能失常的执行:

function asyncFn() {return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {setTimeout(() => {console.log("delay...");
      resolve();}, 1000);
  });
}

let fn1 = async (next) => {console.log(1)
  await next()
  console.log(2)
}

let fn2 = async (next) => {console.log(3)
  await asyncFn();
  await next()
  console.log(4)
}

let fn3 = async (next) => {console.log(5)
  await next()
  console.log(6)
};

function compose(middlewarw) {return function (args) {dispatch(0);
    function dispatch(index) {let fn = middlewarw[index] || args;
      if (typeof fn !== "function") return Promise.resolve();
      let next = () => dispatch(index + 1);
      
      // 给执行函数增加返回胜利的 Promise.resolve
      return Promise.resolve(fn(next))
    }
  }
};

compose([fn1,fn2,fn3])();

react-redux 的中间件实现

react-redux的中间件是这样实现 compose 函数的:

function compose(middlewarw) {return middlewarw.reduce((total, next) => (...args) => total(next(...args)));
}

react-redux中间件执行的函数很不好了解,不过咱们能够拆开它外面的函数来一步步剖析:

let fn1 = (next) => {return ()=>{console.log(1)
    next()
    console.log(2)
  }
}

let fn2 = (next) => {return ()=>{console.log(3)
    next()
    console.log(4)
  }
}

let fn3 = (next) => {return ()=>{console.log(5)
    next()
    console.log(6)
  }
}

let dispatch = compose([fn1,fn2,fn3])(()=> console.log("dispatch"));

dispatch();

middlewarw通过 reduce 叠加,每次都将上一次的后果返回给下一个函数作参数:

// 第 1 次 reduce 的返回值,变成 total 传递到下一次
arg => fn1(() => fn2(arg));

// 第 2 次 reduce 的返回值,持续作为下一次的 total
arg => (arg => fn1(() => fn2(arg)))(() => fn3(arg));

或者将 compose 转成比拟好了解的函数迭代模式:

function compose(middlewarw) {return function(cb) {function dispatch(index){let fn = middlewarw[index];
      let next = ()=>dispatch(index+1); // 下一次的函数执行
      // 如果不存在下一个函数了,拿到传参外面的函数执行,这里须要保障传参是一个函数,对应的是 redux 外面的 dispatch 参数
      fn ? fn(next)() : cb() 
    }
    
    // 最终返回一个函数
    return ()=> dispatch(0);
    
  }
};

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