1、背景
SpringBoot是一个框架,一种全新的编程标准,他的产生简化了框架的应用,同时也提供了很多便捷的性能,比方内置tomcat就是其中一项,他让咱们省去了搭建tomcat容器,生成war,部署,启动tomcat。因为内置了启动容器,应用程序能够间接通过Maven命令将我的项目编译成可执行的jar包,通过java-jar命令间接启动,不须要再像以前一样,打包成War包,而后部署在Tomcat中,那么内置tomcat是如何实现的呢?
2、tomcat启动过程及原理
2.1、下载一个springboot我的项目
在这里下载一个我的项目https://start.spring.io/也能够在idea新建SpringBoot-Web工程。
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
点击pom.xml会有tomcat依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
<version>2.1.2.RELEASE</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
2.2、从启动入口开始一步步摸索
点击进入run办法
public static ConfigurableApplicationContext run(Class<?> primarySource,
String... args) {
return run(new Class<?>[] { primarySource }, args);
}
//持续点击进入run办法
public static ConfigurableApplicationContext run(Class<?>[] primarySources,
String[] args) {
return new SpringApplication(primarySources).run(args);
}
进入到这个run办法之后就能够看到,咱们意识的一些初始化事件。次要的过程也是在这里实现的。
2.3、源码代码流程大抵是这样
/**
* Run the Spring application, creating and refreshing a new
* {@link ApplicationContext}.
* @param args the application arguments (usually passed from a Java main method)
* @return a running {@link ApplicationContext}
*/
public ConfigurableApplicationContext run(String... args) {
StopWatch stopWatch = new StopWatch();
stopWatch.start();
ConfigurableApplicationContext context = null;
Collection<SpringBootExceptionReporter> exceptionReporters = new ArrayList<>();
/**1、配置零碎属性*/
configureHeadlessProperty();
/**2.获取监听器*/
SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners = getRunListeners(args);
/**公布利用开始启动事件 */
listeners.starting();
try {
/** 3.初始化参数 */
ApplicationArguments applicationArguments = new DefaultApplicationArguments(
args);
/** 4.配置环境*/
ConfigurableEnvironment environment = prepareEnvironment(listeners,
applicationArguments);
configureIgnoreBeanInfo(environment);
Banner printedBanner = printBanner(environment);
/**5.创立利用上下文*/
context = createApplicationContext();
exceptionReporters = getSpringFactoriesInstances(
SpringBootExceptionReporter.class,
new Class[] { ConfigurableApplicationContext.class }, context);
/**6.预处理上下文*/
prepareContext(context, environment, listeners, applicationArguments,
printedBanner);
/**6.刷新上下文*/
refreshContext(context);
afterRefresh(context, applicationArguments);
stopWatch.stop();
if (this.logStartupInfo) {
new StartupInfoLogger(this.mainApplicationClass)
.logStarted(getApplicationLog(), stopWatch);
}
/** 8.公布利用曾经启动事件 */
listeners.started(context);
callRunners(context, applicationArguments);
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
handleRunFailure(context, ex, exceptionReporters, listeners);
throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
}
try {
/** 9.公布利用曾经启动实现的监听事件 */
listeners.running(context);
}
catch (Throwable ex) {
handleRunFailure(context, ex, exceptionReporters, null);
throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
}
return context;
}
代码中次要就是通过switch语句,依据webApplicationType的类型来创立不同的ApplicationContext:
●DEFAULT_SERVLET_WEB_CONTEXT_CLASS:Web类型,实例化AnnotationConfigServletWebServerApplicationContext
●DEFAULT_REACTIVE_WEB_CONTEXT_CLASS:响应式Web类型,实例化AnnotationConfigReactiveWebServerApplicationContext
●DEFAULT_CONTEXT_CLASS:非Web类型,实例化AnnotationConfigApplicationContext
2.4、创立完利用上下文之后,咱们在看刷新上下文办法
一步步通过断点点击办法进去查看,咱们看到很相熟代码spring的相干代码。
@Override
public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
// Prepare this context for refreshing.
//初始化前的筹备工作,次要是一些零碎属性、环境变量的校验,比方Spring启动须要某些环境变量,能够在这个中央进行设置和校验
prepareRefresh();
// Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();
// Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
//筹备bean工厂 注册了局部类
prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);
try {
// Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);
// Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
//注册bean工厂后置处理器,并解析java代码配置bean定义
invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);
// Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
//注册bean后置处理器,并不会执行后置处理器,在前面实例化的时候执行
registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);
// Initialize message source for this context.
initMessageSource();
// Initialize event multicaster for this context.
//初始化事件监听多路播送器
initApplicationEventMulticaster();
// Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
//待子类实现,springBoot在这里实现创立内置的tomact容器
onRefresh();
// Check for listener beans and register them.
registerListeners();
// Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);
// Last step: publish corresponding event.
finishRefresh();
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
"cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
}
// Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
destroyBeans();
// Reset 'active' flag.
cancelRefresh(ex);
// Propagate exception to caller.
throw ex;
}
finally {
// Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we
// might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...
resetCommonCaches();
}
}
}
2.5、onRefresh()办法是调用其子类实现的
也就是ServletWebServerApplicationContext
/** 失去Servlet工厂 **/
this.webServer = factory.getWebServer(getSelfInitializer());
其中createWebServer()办法是用来启动web服务的,然而还没有真正启动Tomcat,只是通过ServletWebServerFactory创立了一个WebServer,持续来看这个ServletWebServerFactory:
this.webServer=factory.getWebServer(getSelfInitializer());这个办法能够看出TomcatServletWebServerFactory的实现。相干Tomcat的实现。
2.6、TomcatServletWebServerFactory的getWebServer()办法
清晰的看到new进去了一个Tomcat.
2.7、Tomcat创立之后,持续剖析Tomcat的相干设置和参数
@Override
public WebServer getWebServer(ServletContextInitializer... initializers) {
/** 1、创立Tomcat实例 **/
Tomcat tomcat = new Tomcat();
//创立Tomcat工作目录
File baseDir = (this.baseDirectory != null) ? this.baseDirectory
: createTempDir("tomcat");
tomcat.setBaseDir(baseDir.getAbsolutePath());
Connector connector = new Connector(this.protocol);
tomcat.getService().addConnector(connector);
customizeConnector(connector);
/** 2、给创立好的tomcat设置连接器connector **/
tomcat.setConnector(connector);
/** 3.设置不主动部署 **/
tomcat.getHost().setAutoDeploy(false);
/** 4.配置Tomcat容器引擎 **/
configureEngine(tomcat.getEngine());
for (Connector additionalConnector : this.additionalTomcatConnectors) {
tomcat.getService().addConnector(additionalConnector);
}
/**筹备Tomcat的StandardContext,并增加到Tomcat中*/
prepareContext(tomcat.getHost(), initializers);
/** 将创立好的Tomcat包装成WebServer返回**/
return getTomcatWebServer(tomcat);
}
2.8、持续点击getTomcatWebServer办法,找到initialize()办法,能够看到tomcat.start();启动tomcat服务办法。
// Start the server to trigger initialization listeners
//启动tomcat服务
this.tomcat.start();
//开启阻塞非守护过程
startDaemonAwaitThread();
2.9、TomcatWebServer.java控制台会打印这句话
Tomcat started on port(s):8080(http)with context path
3、总结
SpringBoot的启动次要是通过实例化SpringApplication来启动的,启动过程次要做了如下几件事件:
配置零碎属性、获取监听器,公布利用开始启动事件、初始化参数、配置环境、创立利用上下文、预处理上下文、刷新上下文、再次刷新上下文、公布利用曾经启动事件、公布利用启动实现事件。而启动Tomcat是刷新上下文这一步。
Spring Boot创立Tomcat时,会先创立一个上下文,将WebApplicationContext传给Tomcat;
启动Web容器,须要调用getWebserver(),因为默认的Web环境就是TomcatServletWebServerFactory,所以会创立Tomcat的Webserver,这里会把根上下文作为参数给TomcatServletWebServerFactory的getWebServer();启动Tomcat,调用Tomcat中Host、Engine的启动办法。
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