关于springcloud:SpringCloud四FeignTurbine

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Feign

集成工具(性能整合)

  • 近程调用：申明式客户端
  • ribbon 负载平衡和重试
  • hystrix 降级和熔断

feign 申明式客户端接口

微服务利用中，ribbon 和 hystrix 总是同时呈现，feign 整合了两者，并提供了 申明式消费者 客户端

  • 用 feign 代替 hystrix+ribbon


只须要申明一个形象接口，就能够通过接口做近程调用，不须要再应用 RestTemplate 来调用

// 调用近程的商品服务，获取订单的商品列表
// 通过注解，配置：// 1. 调用哪个服务
// 2. 调用服务的哪个门路
// 3. 向门路提交什么参数数据
@FeignClient(name="item-service")
public interface ItemClient {@GetMapping("/{orderId}")
 JsonResult<List<Item>> getItems(@PathVariable String orderId);
}

在这里应用 @GetMapping(“/{orderId}”)，指定的是向近程服务调用的门路

新建 sp09-feign 我的项目

pom.xml
  • 须要增加 sp01-commons 依赖
application.yml
spring:
  application:
    name: feign
    
server:
  port: 3001
  
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka1:2001/eureka, http://eureka2:2002/eureka

主程序增加 @EnableDiscoveryClient 和 @EnableFeignClients

package cn.tedu.sp09;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;

@EnableFeignClients
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class Sp09FeignApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(Sp09FeignApplication.class, args);
    }
}
feign 申明式客户端

feign 利用了相熟的 spring mvc 注解来对接口办法进行设置，升高了咱们的学习老本。
通过这些设置,feign 能够拼接后盾服务的拜访门路和提交的参数
例如：

@GetMapping("/{userId}/score") 
JsonResult addScore(@PathVariable Integer userId, @RequestParam Integer score);

当这样调用该办法：

service.addScore(7, 100);

那么 feign 会向服务器发送申请：

http:// 用户微服务 /7/score?score=100
  • 留神：如果 score 参数名与变量名不同，须要增加参数名设置：
@GetMapping("/{userId}/score") 
JsonResult addScore(@PathVariable Integer userId, @RequestParam("score") Integer s

ItemClient

package cn.tedu.sp09.feign;

import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.Item;
import cn.tedu.web.util.JsonResult;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;

import java.util.List;

// 依据服务 id，从注册表失去主机地址
@FeignClient(name = "item-service")
public interface ItemClient {// 封装了 RestTemplate
    @GetMapping("{orderId}")//（反向）将申请拼接发送
    JsonResult<List<Item>> getItems(@PathVariable String orderId);

    @PostMapping("/decreaseNumber")//（反向）将申请拼接发送
    JsonResult<?> decreaseNumber(@RequestBody List<Item> items);
}

UserClient

package cn.tedu.sp09.feign;

import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.User;
import cn.tedu.web.util.JsonResult;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;


// 依据服务 id，从注册表失去主机地址
@FeignClient(name = "user-service")
public interface UserClient {// 封装了 RestTemplate
    @GetMapping("{userId}")//（反向）将申请拼接发送
    JsonResult<User> getUser(@PathVariable Integer userId);

    //....../8/score?score=1000
    @GetMapping("/{userId}/score")//（反向）将申请拼接发送
    JsonResult<?> addScore(@PathVariable Integer userId,
                           @RequestParam Integer score);//@RequestParam 不能省略
}

OrderClient

package cn.tedu.sp09.feign;

import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.Order;
import cn.tedu.web.util.JsonResult;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;


// 依据服务 id，从注册表失去主机地址
@FeignClient(name = "order-service")
public interface OrderClient {// 封装了 RestTemplate
    @GetMapping("{orderId}")//（反向）将申请拼接发送
    JsonResult<Order> getOrder(@PathVariable String orderId);

    @GetMapping("/")//（反向）将申请拼接发送
    JsonResult<?> addOrder();}

FeignController

package cn.tedu.sp09.controller;

import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.Item;
import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.Order;
import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.User;
import cn.tedu.sp09.feign.ItemClient;
import cn.tedu.sp09.feign.OrderClient;
import cn.tedu.sp09.feign.UserClient;
import cn.tedu.web.util.JsonResult;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

import java.util.List;

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class FeignController {
    @Autowired
    private ItemClient itemClient;
    @Autowired
    private UserClient userClient;
    @Autowired
    private OrderClient orderClient;
    //-----------item-service
    @GetMapping("/item-service/{orderId}")
    public JsonResult<List<Item>> getItems(@PathVariable String orderId){return itemClient.getItems(orderId);
    }

    @PostMapping("/item-service/decreaseNumber")
    public JsonResult<?> decreaseNumber(@RequestBody List<Item> items){return itemClient.decreaseNumber(items);
    }
    //-----------user-service
    @GetMapping("/user-service/{userId}")
    public JsonResult<User> getUser(@PathVariable Integer userId){return userClient.getUser(userId);
    }
    @GetMapping("/user-service/{userId}/score")
    public JsonResult<?> addScore(@PathVariable Integer userId,Integer score){return userClient.addScore(userId, score);
    }
    //-----------order-service
    @GetMapping("/order-service/{orderId}")
    public JsonResult<Order> getOrder(@PathVariable String orderId){return orderClient.getOrder(orderId);
    }
    @GetMapping("/order-service")
    public JsonResult<?> addOrder(){return orderClient.addOrder();
    }
}
调用流程

启动服务，并拜访测试

  • http://eureka1:2001
  • http://localhost:3001/item-service/35
  • http://localhost:3001/item-service/decreaseNumber
    应用 postman，POST 发送以下格局数据：
    [{"id":1, "name":"abc", "number":23},{"id":2, "name":"def", "number":11}]
  • http://localhost:3001/user-service/7
  • http://localhost:3001/user-service/7/score?score=100
  • http://localhost:3001/order-service/123abc
  • http://localhost:3001/order-service/

Feign 集成 Ribbon 负载平衡和重试

  • 无需额定配置，feign 默认已启用了 ribbon 负载平衡和重试机制。能够通过配置对参数进行调整

重试的默认配置参数:

ConnectTimeout=1000
ReadTimeout=1000
MaxAutoRetries=0
MaxAutoRetriesNextServer=1

application.yml 配置 ribbon 超时和重试

  • ribbon.xxx 全局配置
  • item-service.ribbon.xxx 对特定服务实例的配置
spring:
  application:
    name: feign
server:
  port: 3001
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka1:2001/eureka,http://eureka2:2002/eureka
# 调整 ribbon 的重试次数
# 针对所有服务的通用配置
ribbon:
  MaxAutoRetries: 1
  MaxAutoRetriesNextServer: 2
  ConnectTimeout: 1000
  ReadTimeout: 500
#只针对 item-service 这一个服务无效，对其它服务不利用这个配置
item-service:
  ribbon:
    MaxAutoRetries: 2
启动服务，拜访测试

http://localhost:3001/item-service/35

Feign 集成 Hystrix 降级和熔断

Feign 默认不启用 Hystrix，应用 feign 时不举荐启用 Hystrix

启用 Hystrix 根底配置：

  1. hystrix 起步依赖
  2. yml 中配置启用 hystrix
  3. 启动类增加注解 @EnableCircuitBreaker
application.yml 增加配置
feign:
  hystrix:
    enabled: true
增加配置，临时减小降级超时工夫，以便后续对降级进行测试
......

feign:
  hystrix:
    enabled: true
    
hystrix:
  command:
    default:
      execution:
        isolation:
          thread:
            timeoutInMilliseconds: 500

feign + hystrix 降级

feign 近程接口中指定降级类
ItemFeignService
...
@FeignClient(name="item-service", fallback = ItemFeignServiceFB.class)
public interface ItemFeignService {...
UserFeignService
...
@FeignClient(name="user-service", fallback = UserFeignServiceFB.class)
public interface UserFeignService {...
OrderFeignService
...
@FeignClient(name="order-service",fallback = OrderFeignServiceFB.class)
public interface OrderFeignService {...
降级类

降级类须要实现申明式客户端接口，在实现的形象办法中增加降级代码，
降级类须要增加 @Component 注解

ItemFeignServiceFB
package cn.tedu.sp09.service;

import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.Item;
import cn.tedu.web.util.JsonResult;

@Component
public class ItemFeignServiceFB implements ItemFeignService {

    @Override
    public JsonResult<List<Item>> getItems(String orderId) {return JsonResult.err("无奈获取订单商品列表");
    }

    @Override
    public JsonResult decreaseNumber(List<Item> items) {return JsonResult.err("无奈批改商品库存");
    }
}
UserFeignServiceFB
package cn.tedu.sp09.service;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.User;
import cn.tedu.web.util.JsonResult;

@Component
public class UserFeignServiceFB implements UserFeignService {

    @Override
    public JsonResult<User> getUser(Integer userId) {return JsonResult.err("无奈获取用户信息");
    }

    @Override
    public JsonResult addScore(Integer userId, Integer score) {return JsonResult.err("无奈减少用户积分");
    }
}
OrderFeignServiceFB
package cn.tedu.sp09.service;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.Order;
import cn.tedu.web.util.JsonResult;

@Component
public class OrderFeignServiceFB implements OrderFeignService {

    @Override
    public JsonResult<Order> getOrder(String orderId) {return JsonResult.err("无奈获取商品订单");
    }

    @Override
    public JsonResult addOrder() {return JsonResult.err("无奈保留订单");
    }
}
启动服务，拜访测试

http://localhost:3001/item-service/35

feign + hystrix 监控和熔断测试

批改 sp09-feign 我的项目
pom.xml 增加 hystrix 起步依赖
  • feign 没有蕴含残缺的 hystrix 依赖
    右键点击我的项目, 编辑起步依赖, 增加 hystrix 依赖
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
</dependency>
主程序增加 @EnableCircuitBreaker
package cn.tedu.sp09;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.circuitbreaker.EnableCircuitBreaker;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;

@EnableCircuitBreaker
@EnableFeignClients
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class Sp09FeignApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(Sp09FeignApplication.class, args);
    }
}

sp09-feign 配置 actuator，裸露 hystrix.stream 监控端点

actuator 依赖

查看 pom.xml, 确认曾经增加了 actuator 依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>
application.yml 裸露 hystrix.stream 端点
management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: hystrix.stream
启动服务，查看监控端点

http://localhost:3001/actuator

hystrix dashboard

启动 hystrix dashboard 服务，填入 feign 监控门路，开启监控
拜访 http://localhost:4001/hystrix

  • 填入 feign 监控门路:
    http://localhost:3001/actuator/hystrix.stream
  • 拜访微服务，以产生监控数据

http://localhost:3001/item-service/35

http://localhost:3001/user-service/7
http://localhost:3001/user-service/7/score?score=100

http://localhost:3001/order-service/123abc
http://localhost:3001/order-service/

熔断测试

  • 用 ab 工具，以并发 50 次，来发送 20000 个申请
`ab -n 20000 -c 50 http://localhost:3001/item-service/35`
  • 断路器状态为 Open，所有申请会被短路，间接降级执行 fallback 办法

order service 调用商品库存服务和用户服务


sp09-feign 我的项目敞开, 不再应用

批改 sp04-orderservice 我的项目，增加 feign，调用 item service 和 user service
  1. pom.xml
  2. application.yml
  3. 主程序
  4. ItemFeignService
  5. UserFeignService
  6. ItemFeignServiceFB
  7. UserFeignServiceFB
  8. OrderServiceImpl
pom.xml

  • 右键点击我的项目编辑起步依赖, 增加以下依赖：
  • actuator
  • feign
  • hystrix
application.yml
  • ribbon 重试和 hystrix 超时这里没有设置，采纳了默认值
spring:
  application:
    name: order-service
    
server:
  port: 8201  
  
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka1:2001/eureka, http://eureka2:2002/eureka
      
feign:
  hystrix:
    enabled: true
    
management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: hystrix.stream
主程序
package cn.tedu.sp04;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.SpringCloudApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;

//@EnableDiscoveryClient
//@SpringBootApplication

@EnableFeignClients
@SpringCloudApplication
public class Sp04OrderserviceApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(Sp04OrderserviceApplication.class, args);
    }
}
ItemFeignService
package cn.tedu.sp04.order.feignclient;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;

import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.Item;
import cn.tedu.web.util.JsonResult;

@FeignClient(name="item-service", fallback = ItemFeignServiceFB.class)
public interface ItemFeignService {@GetMapping("/{orderId}")
    JsonResult<List<Item>> getItems(@PathVariable String orderId);

    @PostMapping("/decreaseNumber")
    JsonResult decreaseNumber(@RequestBody List<Item> items);
}
UserFeignService
package cn.tedu.sp04.order.feignclient;

import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;

import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.User;
import cn.tedu.web.util.JsonResult;

@FeignClient(name="user-service", fallback = UserFeignServiceFB.class)
public interface UserFeignService {@GetMapping("/{userId}")
    JsonResult<User> getUser(@PathVariable Integer userId);

    @GetMapping("/{userId}/score") 
    JsonResult addScore(@PathVariable Integer userId, @RequestParam Integer score);
}
ItemFeignServiceFB
  • 获取商品列表的降级办法，模仿应用缓存数据
package cn.tedu.sp04.order.feignclient;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.Item;
import cn.tedu.web.util.JsonResult;

@Component
public class ItemFeignServiceFB implements ItemFeignService {

    @Override
    public JsonResult<List<Item>> getItems(String orderId) {if(Math.random()<0.5) {return JsonResult.ok().data(Arrays.asList(new Item[] {new Item(1,"缓存 aaa",2),
                        new Item(2,"缓存 bbb",1),
                        new Item(3,"缓存 ccc",3),
                        new Item(4,"缓存 ddd",1),
                        new Item(5,"缓存 eee",5)
                })
            
            );
        }
        return JsonResult.err("无奈获取订单商品列表");
    }

    @Override
    public JsonResult decreaseNumber(List<Item> items) {return JsonResult.err("无奈批改商品库存");
    }

}
UserFeignServiceFB
  • 获取用户信息的降级办法，模仿应用缓存数据
package cn.tedu.sp04.order.feignclient;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.User;
import cn.tedu.web.util.JsonResult;

@Component
public class UserFeignServiceFB implements UserFeignService {

    @Override
    public JsonResult<User> getUser(Integer userId) {if(Math.random()<0.4) {return JsonResult.ok(new User(userId, "缓存 name"+userId, "缓存 pwd"+userId));
        }
        return JsonResult.err("无奈获取用户信息");
    }

    @Override
    public JsonResult addScore(Integer userId, Integer score) {return JsonResult.err("无奈减少用户积分");
    }

}
OrderServiceImpl
package cn.tedu.sp04.order.service;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.Item;
import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.Order;
import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.User;
import cn.tedu.sp01.service.OrderService;
import cn.tedu.sp04.order.feignclient.ItemFeignService;
import cn.tedu.sp04.order.feignclient.UserFeignService;
import cn.tedu.web.util.JsonResult;

import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;

@Slf4j
@Service
public class OrderServiceImpl implements OrderService {
    
    @Autowired
    private ItemFeignService itemService;
    @Autowired
    private UserFeignService userService;

    @Override
    public Order getOrder(String orderId) {
        // 调用 user-service 获取用户信息
        JsonResult<User> user = userService.getUser(7);
        
        // 调用 item-service 获取商品信息
        JsonResult<List<Item>> items = itemService.getItems(orderId);
        
        
        Order order = new Order();
        order.setId(orderId);
        order.setUser(user.getData());
        order.setItems(items.getData());
        return order;
    }

    @Override
    public void addOrder(Order order) {
        // 调用 item-service 缩小商品库存
        itemService.decreaseNumber(order.getItems());
        
        //TODO: 调用 user-service 减少用户积分
        userService.addScore(7, 100);
        
        log.info("保留订单："+order);
    }

}
order-service 配置启动参数, 启动两台服务器
  • --server.port=8201
  • --server.port=8202




启动服务，拜访测试

  • 依据 orderid，获取订单
    http://localhost:8201/123abc
    http://localhost:8202/123abc
  • 保留订单
    http://localhost:8201/
    http://localhost:8202/
hystrix dashboard 监控 order service 断路器
  • 拜访 http://localhost:4001/hystrix，填入 order service 的断路器监控门路，启动监控
  • http://localhost:8201/actuator/hystrix.stream
  • http://localhost:8202/actuator/hystrix.stream

hystrix dashboard 监控 order service 断路器
  • 拜访 http://localhost:4001/hystrix，填入 order service 的断路器监控门路，启动监控
  • http://localhost:8201/actuator/hystrix.stream
  • http://localhost:8202/actuator/hystrix.stream

Turbine

hystrix + turbine 集群聚合监控

hystrix dashboard 一次只能监控一个服务实例，应用 turbine 能够会集监控信息，将聚合后的信息提供给 hystrix dashboard 来集中展现和监控

新建 sp10-turbine 我的项目

pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.1.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>cn.tedu</groupId>
    <artifactId>sp10-turbine</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>sp10-turbine</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.RELEASE</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-turbine</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>
application.yml
spring:
  application:
    name: turbin
    
server:
  port: 5001
  
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka1:2001/eureka, http://eureka2:2002/eureka
      
turbine:
  app-config: order-service
  cluster-name-expression: new String("default")
主程序

增加 @EnableTurbine 和 @EnableDiscoveryClient 注解

package cn.tedu.sp10;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.turbine.EnableTurbine;

@EnableTurbine
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class Sp10TurbineApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(Sp10TurbineApplication.class, args);
    }

}
拜访测试
  • 8201 服务器产生监控数据:
    http://localhost:8201/abc123
    http://localhost:8201/
  • 8202 服务器产生监控数据:
    http://localhost:8202/abc123
    http://localhost:8202/
  • turbine 监控门路
    http://localhost:5001/turbine.stream
  • 在 hystrix dashboard 中填入 turbine 监控门路，开启监控
    http://localhost:4001/hystrix
  • turbine 聚合了 order-service 两台服务器的 hystrix 监控信息

正文完
springcloud
发表至： spring-cloud
2020-12-02
 0
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