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原创：知数堂
上一篇文章，咱们具体介绍了 Xenon 实现 MySQL 高可用架构的部署过程。接下来本篇将介绍 Xenon 的罕用操作，帮忙大家在实现环境搭建之后，能把 Xenon 纯熟的用起来，以更好的对 MySQL 高可用架构进行治理。
| 1 启动集群
1.1 启动 MySQL
| # db1: | |
| [mysql@db1 ~]$ nohup mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf & | |
| [1] 5526 | |
| [mysql@db1 ~]$ nohup: ignoring input and appending output to‘nohup.out’# db2: | |
| [mysql@db2 ~]$ nohup mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf & | |
| [1] 3637 | |
| [mysql@db2 ~]$ nohup: ignoring input and appending output to 'nohup.out' | |
| mysql –uroot –p # 开启加强半同步 | |
| set global rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled=1; | |
| stop slave io_thread; | |
| start slave io_thread; |
db3 的启动步骤同 db2。
1.2 启动 Xenon
| db1: | |
| [mysql@db1 ~]$ cd /usr/local/xenon/bin/ | |
| [mysql@db1 bin]$ ./xenon -c /etc/xenon/xenon.json > /etc/xenon/log/xenon.log 2>&1 & |
db2、db3 的启动形式同 db1。
留神：当 MySQL 未启动时，启动 Xenon 会主动启动 MySQL。
1.3 查看半同步复制
启动时，须要查看半同步复制是否开启。
| (product)root@localhost [(none)]> show variables like '%semi%'; | |
| +-------------------------------------------+------------+ | |
| | Variable_name | Value | | |
| +-------------------------------------------+------------+ | |
| | rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled | ON | | |
| | rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout | 10000 | | |
| | rpl_semi_sync_master_trace_level | 32 | | |
| | rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_for_slave_count | 1 | | |
| | rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_no_slave | ON | | |
| | rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_point | AFTER_SYNC | | |
| | rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled | OFF | | |
| | rpl_semi_sync_slave_trace_level | 32 | | |
| …… |
主要参数：主节点 rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled 的状态为 ON，从节点 rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled 的状态为 ON，示意半同步复制失常开启。
| 2 帮忙命令
通过 xenoncli 的帮忙命令查看可选的命令。
| [mysql@db1 bin]$ ./xenoncli help | |
| A simple command line client for xenon | |
| Usage: | |
| xenoncli [command] | |
| Available Commands: | |
| cluster cluster related commands | |
| init init the xenon config file | |
| mysql mysql related commands | |
| perf perf related commands | |
| raft raft related commands | |
| version Print the version number of xenon client | |
| xenon xenon related commands | |
| Use "xenoncli [command] --help" for more information about a command. |
举例说明，查看 cluster 的操作命令帮忙。
| [mysql@db1 bin]$ ./xenoncli cluster -h | |
| cluster related commands | |
| Usage: | |
| xenoncli cluster [command] | |
| Available Commands: | |
| add add peers to leader(if there is no leader, add to local) | |
| gtid show cluster gtid status | |
| log merge cluster xenon.log from logdir | |
| mysql show cluster mysql status | |
| raft show cluster raft status | |
| remove remove peers from leader(if there is no leader, remove from local) | |
| status show cluster status | |
| xenon show cluster xenon status | |
| Use "xenoncli cluster [command] --help" for more information about a command. |
| 3 查看集群
3.1 查看状态
| xenoncli cluster status | |
| xenoncli cluster mysql | |
| xenoncli cluster xenon |
3.2 查看集群统一状态
xenoncli cluster raft
3.3 查看集群 GTID 状态
xenoncli cluster gtid
| 4 敞开集群
| xenoncli mysql stopmonitor | |
| xenoncli mysql shutdown | |
| pkill xenon |
| 5 增加 / 删除节点
5.1 增加节点
xenoncli cluster add 192.168.0.2:8801,192.168.0.3:8801,192.168.0.5:8801
Xenon 容许增加曾经增加过的节点。如果节点曾经在集群外面，将间接被忽视，不做任何操作。
5.2 删除节点
xenoncli cluster remove 192.168.0.2:8801,192.168.0.3:8801,192.168.0.5:8801
| 6 备份 MySQL 到本地
| [root@db1 backup]# xenoncli mysql backup | |
| Usage: | |
| xenoncli mysql backup --to=backupdir [flags] | |
| [mysql@db1 bin]$ ./xenoncli mysql backup --to=/backup/data | |
| 2020/02/10 04:28:43.924306 [WARNING] rebuildme.found.best.slave[10.10.10.11:8801].leader[10.10.10.10:8801] | |
| 2020/02/10 04:28:43.924576 [WARNING] S1-->found.the.best.backup.host[10.10.10.11:8801].... | |
| 2020/02/10 04:28:43.945828 [WARNING] S2-->rm.and.mkdir.backupdir[/backup/data] | |
| 2020/02/10 04:28:43.945845 [WARNING] S3-->xtrabackup.begin.... | |
| 2020/02/10 04:28:43.946692 [WARNING] rebuildme.backup.req[&{From: BackupDir:/backup/data SSHHost:10.10.10.10 SSHUser:mysql SSHPasswd:123456 SSHPort:22 IOPSLimits:100000 XtrabackupBinDir:/usr/bin}].from[10.10.10.11:8801] | |
| 2020/02/10 04:29:06.360412 [WARNING] S3-->xtrabackup.end.... | |
| 2020/02/10 04:29:06.360444 [WARNING] S4-->apply-log.begin.... | |
| 2020/02/10 04:29:11.010835 [WARNING] S4-->apply-log.end.... | |
| 2020/02/10 04:29:11.011275 [WARNING] completed OK! | |
| 2020/02/10 04:29:11.011300 [WARNING] backup.all.done.... |
因 xenoncli 会尝试先删除 backupdir 再 mkdir，故不倡议应用 /backup 根目录门路。若应用这种门路，rm 能够胜利，mkdir 会失败。
| 7 Rebuild 重建
抉择最佳状态的从节点，进行 XtraBackup 流式重建，from 参数可指定重建源节点。
- 作用：重建以后节点 MySQL
- 场景：节点坏掉须要疾速重建
| // 在要做重建的节点执行：xenoncli mysql rebuildme | |
| // 如果想以指定节点为准重建，执行：xenoncli mysql -h | |
| // 基于指定节点复制重建以后 MySQL 节点 | |
| [mysql@db1 bin]$ ./xenoncli mysql rebuildme --from=10.10.10.11:8801 | |
| 2020/02/11 01:19:40.907645 [WARNING] =====prepare.to.rebuildme===== | |
| IMPORTANT: Please check that the backup run completes successfully. | |
| At the end of a successful backup run innobackupex | |
| prints "completed OK!". | |
| 2020/02/11 01:19:40.908418 [WARNING] S1-->check.raft.leader | |
| 2020/02/11 01:19:40.911586 [WARNING] S2-->prepare.rebuild.from[10.10.10.11:8801].... | |
| 2020/02/11 01:19:40.913050 [WARNING] S3-->check.bestone[10.10.10.11:8801].is.OK.... | |
| 2020/02/11 01:19:40.913066 [WARNING] S4-->set.learner | |
| 2020/02/11 01:19:40.915499 [WARNING] S5-->stop.monitor | |
| 2020/02/11 01:19:40.916758 [WARNING] S6-->kill.mysql | |
| 2020/02/11 01:19:40.947717 [WARNING] S7-->check.bestone[10.10.10.11:8801].is.OK.... | |
| 2020/02/11 01:19:40.950867 [WARNING] S8-->rm.datadir[/backup/data] | |
| 2020/02/11 01:19:40.950879 [WARNING] S9-->xtrabackup.begin.... | |
| 2020/02/11 01:19:40.951632 [WARNING] rebuildme.backup.req[&{From: BackupDir:/backup/data SSHHost:10.10.10.10 SSHUser:mysql SSHPasswd:123456 SSHPort:22 IOPSLimits:100000 XtrabackupBinDir:/usr/bin}].from[10.10.10.11:8801] | |
| 2020/02/11 01:19:51.200092 [WARNING] S9-->xtrabackup.end.... | |
| 2020/02/11 01:19:51.200116 [WARNING] S10-->apply-log.begin.... | |
| 2020/02/11 01:19:56.666199 [WARNING] S10-->apply-log.end.... | |
| 2020/02/11 01:19:56.666209 [WARNING] S11-->start.mysql.begin... | |
| 2020/02/11 01:19:56.666757 [WARNING] S11-->start.mysql.end... | |
| 2020/02/11 01:19:56.666766 [WARNING] S12-->wait.mysqld.running.begin.... | |
| 2020/02/11 01:19:59.680987 [WARNING] wait.mysqld.running... | |
| 2020/02/11 01:19:59.709382 [WARNING] S12-->wait.mysqld.running.end.... | |
| 2020/02/11 01:19:59.709395 [WARNING] S13-->wait.mysql.working.begin.... | |
| 2020/02/11 01:19:59.710943 [WARNING] S13-->wait.mysql.working.end.... | |
| 2020/02/11 01:19:59.710955 [WARNING] S14-->stop.and.reset.slave.begin.... | |
| 2020/02/11 01:19:59.731108 [WARNING] S14-->stop.and.reset.slave.end.... | |
| 2020/02/11 01:19:59.731121 [WARNING] S15-->reset.master.begin.... | |
| 2020/02/11 01:19:59.739414 [WARNING] S15-->reset.master.end.... | |
| 2020/02/11 01:19:59.739455 [WARNING] S15-->set.gtid_purged[1520b6dd-2fb1-11ea-ab64-080027d70146:1-14].begin.... | |
| 2020/02/11 01:19:59.742273 [WARNING] S15-->set.gtid_purged.end.... | |
| 2020/02/11 01:19:59.742284 [WARNING] S16-->enable.raft.begin... | |
| 2020/02/11 01:19:59.743512 [WARNING] S16-->enable.raft.done... | |
| 2020/02/11 01:19:59.743534 [WARNING] S17-->wait[3000 ms].change.to.master... | |
| 2020/02/11 01:19:59.743551 [WARNING] S18-->start.slave.begin.... | |
| 2020/02/11 01:19:59.763468 [WARNING] S18-->start.slave.end.... | |
| 2020/02/11 01:19:59.763478 [WARNING] completed OK! |
| 8 手动 Failover/switchover
手动触发主从切换。
| (product)root@localhost [(none)]> set global read_only=on; | |
| Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) | |
| [mysql@db1 bin]$ ./xenoncli raft trytoleader | |
| 2020/02/11 01:48:51.219975 [WARNING] [10.10.10.10:8801].prepare.to.propose.this.raft.to.leader | |
| 2020/02/11 01:48:51.255617 [WARNING] [10.10.10.10:8801].propose.done | |
| [mysql@db1 bin]$ ./xenoncli cluster status | |
| +------------------+-------------------------------+---------+---------+--------------------------+---------------------+----------------+------------------+ | |
| | ID | Raft | Mysqld | Monitor | Backup | Mysql | IO/SQL_RUNNING | MyLeader | | |
| +------------------+-------------------------------+---------+---------+--------------------------+---------------------+----------------+------------------+ | |
| | 10.10.10.10:8801 | [ViewID:4 EpochID:0]@LEADER | RUNNING | ON | state:[NONE] | |
| | [ALIVE] [READWRITE] | [true/true] | 10.10.10.10:8801 | | |
| | | | | | LastError: | | | | | |
| +------------------+-------------------------------+---------+---------+--------------------------+---------------------+----------------+------------------+ | |
| | 10.10.10.11:8801 | [ViewID:4 EpochID:0]@FOLLOWER | RUNNING | ON | state:[NONE] | |
| | [ALIVE] [READONLY] | [true/true] | 10.10.10.10:8801 | | |
| | | | | | LastError: | | | | | |
| +------------------+-------------------------------+---------+---------+--------------------------+---------------------+----------------+------------------+ | |
| | 10.10.10.18:8801 | [ViewID:4 EpochID:0]@FOLLOWER | RUNNING | ON | state:[NONE] | |
| | [ALIVE] [READONLY] | [true/true] | 10.10.10.10:8801 | | |
| | | | | | LastError: | | | | | |
| +------------------+-------------------------------+---------+---------+--------------------------+---------------------+----------------+------------------+ |
| 9 MySQL Stack Info
查看 MySQL 如何调用堆栈信息。Quick Stack 性能速度快，对流程简直没有影响。
| xenoncli perf -h | |
| perf related commands | |
| Usage: | |
| xenoncli perf [command] | |
| Available Commands: | |
| quickstack capture the stack of mysqld using quickstack |
| 10 Raft + Operation
不发动选主 enable 是复原，disable 指该 Xenon 节点只复制。
| xenoncli raft -h | |
| raft related commands | |
| Usage: | |
| xenoncli raft [command] | |
| Available Commands: | |
| add add peers to local | |
| disable enable the node out control of raft | |
| disablepurgebinlog disable leader to purge binlog | |
| enable enable the node in control of raft | |
| enablepurgebinlog enable leader to purge binlog(default) | |
| nodes show raft nodes | |
| remove remove peers from local | |
| status status in JSON(state(LEADER/CANDIDATE/FOLLOWER/IDLE)) | |
| trytoleader propose this raft as leader |
| 11 启动加强半同步查看
| # 启动半同步复制查看 | |
| xenoncli raft enablechecksemisync | |
| # 启动或敞开半同步复制查看 | |
| xenoncli raft disablechecksemisync |
咱们能够看到半同步的参数是：
| (product)root@localhost [(none)]> show variables like '%rpl%'; | |
| +-------------------------------------------+---------------------+ | |
| | Variable_name | Value | | |
| +-------------------------------------------+---------------------+ | |
| | rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled | ON | | |
| | rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout | 1000000000000000000 | | |
| | rpl_semi_sync_master_trace_level | 32 | | |
| | rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_for_slave_count | 1 | | |
| | rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_no_slave | ON | | |
| | rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_point | AFTER_SYNC | | |
| | rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled | ON | | |
| | rpl_semi_sync_slave_trace_level | 32 | | |
| | rpl_stop_slave_timeout | 31536000 | | |
| +-------------------------------------------+---------------------+ |
若通过 set global 批改半同步的 timeout，将主动勘误为无限大；若基于运维长期调整，须要先执行 xenoncli mysql disablechecksemisync 再批改；若运维完，须要复原主动勘误的话，执行 enablechecksemisync。
| // 例如：批改 timeout 参数为 10, | |
| (product)root@localhost [(none)]> set global rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout=10; | |
| Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) | |
| (product)root@localhost [(none)]> show variables like '%rpl%'; | |
| +-------------------------------------------+------------+ | |
| | Variable_name | Value | | |
| +-------------------------------------------+------------+ | |
| | rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled | ON | | |
| | rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout | 10 | | |
| | rpl_semi_sync_master_trace_level | 32 | | |
| | rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_for_slave_count | 1 | | |
| | rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_no_slave | ON | | |
| | rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_point | AFTER_SYNC | | |
| | rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled | ON | | |
| | rpl_semi_sync_slave_trace_level | 32 | | |
| | rpl_stop_slave_timeout | 31536000 | | |
| +-------------------------------------------+------------+ | |
| 9 rows in set (0.00 sec) | |
| // 过一会儿又主动变为无穷大了 | |
| (product)root@localhost [(none)]> show variables like '%rpl%'; | |
| +-------------------------------------------+---------------------+ | |
| | Variable_name | Value | | |
| +-------------------------------------------+---------------------+ | |
| | rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled | ON | | |
| | rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout | 1000000000000000000 | | |
| | rpl_semi_sync_master_trace_level | 32 | | |
| | rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_for_slave_count | 1 | | |
| | rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_no_slave | ON | | |
| | rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_point | AFTER_SYNC | | |
| | rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled | ON | | |
| | rpl_semi_sync_slave_trace_level | 32 | | |
| | rpl_stop_slave_timeout | 31536000 | | |
| +-------------------------------------------+---------------------+ | |
| 9 rows in set (0.00 sec) |
| 指令分类
查问集群信息：
xenoncli cluster 指令
操作本机的：
| xenoncli raft 指令 | |
| xenoncli perf quickstack | |
| xenoncli mysql backup | cancelbackup | kill | rebuildme | shutdown | start | startmonitor |status | stopmonitor | sysvar |
先尝试连贯到 Leader 执行，如果没有 Leader，则在本机执行：
| xenoncli mysql changepassword | createsuperuser | createuser | createuserwithgrants | | |
| dropuser | getuser |
下期预报
下期咱们将介绍 Xenon 配置文件相干的应用。
举荐浏览 ：
- 高可用 | Xenon 实现 MySQL 高可用架构 部署篇
- 高可用 | Xenon：后 MHA 时代的抉择
正文完
