关于前端:Theia-开发环境搭建

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官网文档：https://github.com/eclipse-theia/theia/blob/master/doc/Developing.md#prerequisites

以后搭建版本：v1.35.0。

Node.js >= 16.14.0 and < 17.
- If you are interested in Theia’s VS Code Extension support then you should use a Node version at least compatible with the one included in the version of Electron used by VS Code.
Yarn package manager >= 1.7.0 AND < 2.x.x.
git (If you would like to use the Git-extension too, you will need to have git version 2.11.0 or higher.)
Python3 is required for the build due to node-gyp@8.4.1

Some additional tools and libraries are needed depending on your platform:

Linux
- make
- gcc (or another compiling toolchain)
- pkg-config
- build-essential: sudo apt-get install build-essential
- native-keymap native node module dependencies:
  - Debian-based: sudo apt-get install libx11-dev libxkbfile-dev
  - Red Hat-based: sudo yum install libX11-devel.x86_64 libxkbfile-devel.x86_64 # or .i686
  - FreeBSD: sudo pkg install libX11
- keytar native node module dependencies (reference):
  - Debian/Ubuntu: sudo apt-get install libsecret-1-dev
  - Red Hat-based: sudo yum install libsecret-devel
  - Arch Linux: sudo pacman -S libsecret
  - Alpine: apk add libsecret-dev
Linux/MacOS
- nvm is recommended to easily switch between Node.js versions.
Windows
- windows-build-tools
  - run PowerShell as Administrator and copy paste the following: npm --add-python-to-path install --global --production windows-build-tools .
- If you run into problems with installing the required build tools, the node-gyp documentation offers a useful guide how to install the dependencies manually. The versions required for building Theia are:
  - Python 3.6 or higher
  - Visual Studio build tools 17
- If you have multiple versions of either python or Visual Studio installed or if the tool is not found, you may adjust the used version via the npm config:
  - npm config set python /path/to/executable/python –global
  - npm config set msvs_version 2017 –global

以下记录皆在 Ubuntu22 下实现。

因为 ubuntu22 曾经携带了 python3 就不须要另外装置配置了。

装置 git

sudo apt update
sudo apt-get install git

装置 nvm

curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.39.3/install.sh | bash

装置胜利后装置 node 16 版本

nvm install 16

配置 NPM 镜像源

npm config set registry https://registry.npmmirror.com

设置胜利后能够间接装置 yarn，默认装置的都是 1.x.x 版本的

npm i -g yarn

依据以上官网给的信息，Ubuntu 下还要额定装置一些依赖能力失常应用。

sudo apt update
sudo apt install build-essential libx11-dev libxkbfile-dev libsecret-1-dev

输出命令确认工具失常调用

gcc --version
make --version
pkg-config --version

环境都装置胜利之后在我的项目下用 yarn 装置依赖。

git clone https://github.com/eclipse-theia/theia.git \ # 命令会默认下载最新版本 须要下载我的项目指定版本装置
  && cd theia \
  && yarn

装置实现后会主动执行编译，会输入相似以下信息，没有报错即可。

 >  Lerna (powered by Nx)   Running target prepare for 5 projects:

    - @theia/cli
    - @theia/eslint-plugin
    - @theia/re-exports
    - @theia/core
    - @theia/electron

 ——————————————————————————————————————————

> @theia/re-exports:prepare

yarn run v1.22.19
$ tsc -b
Done in 4.37s.

> @theia/electron:prepare

yarn run v1.22.19
$ yarn -s generate-theia-re-exports
Done in 1.63s.

> @theia/core:prepare


> @theia/cli:prepare

yarn run v1.22.19
yarn run v1.22.19
$ tsc -b
$ yarn -s generate-theia-re-exports
Done in 1.49s.

> @theia/eslint-plugin:prepare

yarn run v1.22.19
$ tsc -b
Done in 25.37s.
Done in 39.28s.

启动浏览器示例:

yarn download:plugins \
  && yarn browser build \
  && yarn browser start

拜访 http://localhost:3000 查看。

启动 Electron 示例:

yarn download:plugins \
    && yarn electron build \
    && yarn electron start

根本都是官网提到的环境依赖不全导致

装置编译环境
```
sudo apt update
sudo apt install build-essential
```
命令执行后会装置 gcc、g++、make 等软件包和必要的头文件库。

装置实现后执行命令查看是否失常输入版本信息
```
gcc --version
make --version
```
PKG_CONFIG_PATH 环境变量未找到

pkg-config 用来查找零碎中装置库文件的信息，典型的是用作库的编译和连贯。

官网：PKG_CONFIG
- 应用 apt-get 装置
```
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install pkg-config
```
- 应用 make 编译装置
  
  进入官网下载源码，进入目录后执行：
```
make
make check
make install
```
  装置实现后执行命令查看是否失常输入版本信息
```
pkg-config --version
```
  如果 --cflags 命令输入信息为空，会影响到 make 命令执行，能够配置环境变量
```
export PKG_CONFIG_ALLOW_SYSTEM_CFLAGS=1
export PKG_CONFIG_ALLOW_SYSTEM_LIBS=1
```
  相干浏览：应用 pkg-config 让 C++ 工程编译配置更灵便
native-keymap 命令执行失败；No package ‘x11’ found；No package ‘xkbfile’ found
```
sudo apt-get install libx11-dev libxkbfile-dev
```
keytar: Command failed. No package ‘libsecret-1’ found
```
sudo apt-get install libsecret-1-dev
```

electron 下载过慢

能够配置应用国内镜像地址：

npm config set electron_mirror=https://npmmirror.com/mirrors/electron/

或者始终设置跳过下载

ELECTRON_SKIP_BINARY_DOWNLOAD=1

playwright、FFMPEG playwright 下载过慢

pip 应用清华源：
```
pip config set global.index-url https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
```
寄存地位：
```
%USERPROFILE%\AppData\Local\ms-playwright on Windows
~/Library/Caches/ms-playwright on MacOS
~/.cache/ms-playwright on Linux
```
chromium 寄存地位：~/.cache/ms-playwright/chromium-{版本号}，目前装置下来的文件夹名是 chromium-1005

ffmpeg 寄存地位：~/.cache/ms-playwright/ffmpeg-{版本号}，目前装置下来的文件夹名是 ffmpeg-1007

也能够配置环境变量自定义文件地位：
```
PLAYWRIGHT_BROWSERS_PATH={文件门路}/pw-browsers
```
如果须要不下载二进制文件能够配置环境变量：
```
PLAYWRIGHT_SKIP_BROWSER_DOWNLOAD=1
```
而后再执行装置
局部环境变量只想一次性失效或只在以后我的项目失效

只失效一次能够加在执行命令后面，如
```
ELECTRON_SKIP_BINARY_DOWNLOAD=1 yran
```
只在以后我的项目失效，能够在我的项目根目录创立 .npmrc 文件，将配置信息写入：
```
ELECTRON_SKIP_BINARY_DOWNLOAD=1
PLAYWRIGHT_SKIP_BROWSER_DOWNLOAD=1
```
nvm 无奈记忆切换的 Node 版本

应用以下命令设置 nvm 默认版本
```
nvm alias default 16.19.1
```