关于php:php实现web服务器

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应用 php(非 swoole)实现 tcp/http 服务器。

php 内置的 stream 系列函数 和 socket 扩大提供了对网络编程的反对。socket 扩大须要在编译时通过配置 –enable-sockets 开启,而 strem 系列函数则齐全是 php 外围内置的函数。php 社区中的 workman 框架底层就是基于 stream 函数来实现的。以下代码通过 stream 系列函数演示 php 如何实现简略的 tcp/http 等服务器

1: 单过程阻塞模式

<?php

class Server
{
    /**
     * @var false|resource
     */
    private $socket;

    /**
     * 是否 http 服务器 默认 tcp 服务器
     * @var bool
     */
    private $isHttp = false;

    public function __construct(string $address)
    {$this->socket = @stream_socket_server($address, $errNo, $errMessage);
        if (!is_resource($this->socket)) {throw new InvalidArgumentException("参数异样:" . $errMessage);
        }
    }

    public function isHttp(bool $bool): self
    {
        $this->isHttp = $bool;
        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * 启动服务器
     */
    public function run()
    {while (true) {$conn = @stream_socket_accept($this->socket);
            if ($conn) {if ($this->isHttp) {
                    //http server
                    $data     = "Hello World";
                    $response = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n";
                    $response .= "Content-Type: text/html;charset=UTF-8\r\n";
                    $response .= "Server: MyServer1\r\n";
                    $response .= "Content-length:" . strlen($data) . "\r\n\r\n";
                    $response .= $data;
                    fwrite($conn, $response);
                    fclose($conn);
                } else {
                    // tcp server
                    while ($message = fread($conn, 1024)) {
                        // 被动退出
                        if (trim($message) == 'quit') {
                            echo "close\n";
                            fclose($conn);
                            break;
                        }
                        echo 'I have received that :' . $message;
                        fwrite($conn, "OK\n");
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

$server = new Server("0.0.0.0:2345");
// 启动 tcp 服务器
$server->run();

// 启动 http 服务器
//$server->isHttp(true)->run();

http 服务浏览器拜访 http://127.0.0.1:2345/ 看能够看到输入 hello world

tcp 服器通过 telnet 进行测试

因为连贯和 read 都是阻塞的, 此时一次只能解决一个申请, 只能当以后申请解决完结后能力解决下一个申请,不具备并发能力。

2:多过程革新

<?php

class Server
{
    /**
     * @var false|resource
     */
    private $socket;

    /**
     * 是否 http 服务器 默认 tcp 服务器
     * @var bool
     */
    private $isHttp = false;

    public function __construct(string $address)
    {$this->socket = @stream_socket_server($address, $errNo, $errMessage);
        if (!is_resource($this->socket)) {throw new InvalidArgumentException("参数异样:" . $errMessage);
        }
    }

    public function isHttp(bool $bool): self
    {
        $this->isHttp = $bool;
        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * 启动服务器
     */
    public function run()
    {while (true) {$conn = @stream_socket_accept($this->socket);
            if ($conn) {if ($this->isHttp) {if (pcntl_fork() == 0) {
                        //http server
                        $data     = "Hello World";
                        $response = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n";
                        $response .= "Content-Type: text/html;charset=UTF-8\r\n";
                        $response .= "Server: MyServer1\r\n";
                        $response .= "Content-length:" . strlen($data) . "\r\n\r\n";
                        $response .= $data;
                        fwrite($conn, $response);
                        fclose($conn);
                        exit;
                    }
                } else {
                    // tcp server
                    if (pcntl_fork() == 0) {while ($message = fread($conn, 1024)) {
                            echo 'I have received that :' . $message;
                            fwrite($conn, "OK\n");
                        }
                        exit;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

$server = new Server("0.0.0.0:2345");
// 启动 tcp 服务器
$server->run();

// 启动 http 服务器
//$server->isHttp(true)->run();

此时,因为通过子过程解决本来阻塞的 read 函数,所以主过程能够 accept 新的申请,进步并发能力。

因为创立过程 / 线程会带来很多新的问题,比方零碎开销增大等,所以,这种办法根本不会在生产环境中应用。

3:IO 多路复用(select 形式)

<?php

class Server
{
    /**
     * @var false|resource
     */
    private $socket;

    /**
     * 是否 http 服务器 默认 tcp 服务器
     * @var bool
     */
    private $isHttp = false;

    /**
     * @var []resource
     */
    private $socketList = [];

    public function __construct(string $address)
    {$this->socket = @stream_socket_server($address, $errNo, $errMessage);
        if (!is_resource($this->socket)) {throw new InvalidArgumentException("参数异样:" . $errMessage);
        }
        // stream_set_blocking 设置非阻塞 io
        stream_set_blocking($this->socket, false);
        // 增加以后监听的 socket
        $this->socketList[(int)$this->socket] = $this->socket;
    }

    public function isHttp(bool $bool): self
    {
        $this->isHttp = $bool;
        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * 启动服务器
     */
    public function run()
    {while (true) {
            $read  = $this->socketList;
            $write = $except = [];
            // 阻塞监听 设置 null 阻塞监听
            $count = @stream_select($read, $write, $except, null);
            if ($count) {foreach ($read as $k => $v) {if ($v == $this->socket) {
                        // connect success
                        // accept Connection
                        @$conn = stream_socket_accept($this->socket, null, $remote_address);
                        echo "connect fd:" . $k . PHP_EOL;
                        $this->socketList[(int)$conn] = $conn;
                    } else {
                        //receive
                        if ($this->isHttp) {$this->receiveHttp($v);
                        } else {$this->receiveTcp($v);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    protected function receiveHttp($stream)
    {$buffer = fread($stream, 1024);
        if (empty($buffer) && (feof($stream) || !is_resource($stream))) {fclose($stream);
            unset($this->socketList[(int)$stream]);
            echo "退出胜利" . PHP_EOL;
            return;
        }
        //http server
        $data     = "Hello World";
        $response = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n";
        $response .= "Content-Type: text/html;charset=UTF-8\r\n";
        $response .= "Server: MyServer1\r\n";
        $response .= "Content-length:" . strlen($data) . "\r\n\r\n";
        $response .= $data;
        fwrite($stream, $response);
    }

    /**
     * 解决 tcp 申请
     */
    private function receiveTcp($stream)
    {$buffer = fread($stream, 1024);
        if (feof($stream) || !is_resource($stream)) {unset($this->socketList[(int)$stream]);
            fclose($stream);
            echo "退出胜利" . PHP_EOL;
            return;
        }
        echo 'onReceive' . $buffer . "->" . $stream . PHP_EOL;
        $message = 'I have received that :' . $buffer;
        fwrite($stream, "{$message}");
    }
}

$server = new Server("0.0.0.0:2345");
// 启动 tcp 服务器
//$server->run();

// 启动 http 服务器
$server->isHttp(true)->run();

通过 IO 多路复用是目前解决高并发 (C10k) 问题的次要思路。

通过 stream_select 函数调用操作系统提供的 select 办法,将接管到的文件形容符号传递给操作系统底层,由操作系统遍历并且返回须要解决的文件形容符号,从而不须要在利用层面始终阻塞,进步并发能力。

4:IO 多路费用(poll epoll)

因为 select 办法存在种种问题,比方性能差,数量限度等。应答小规模并发没有问题,然而大规模并发就显得顾此失彼,这个时候就须要 poll,epoll(举荐)办法实现多路复用。

具体到 php 外面须要装置 event 或者 libevent 扩大,具体代码能够参考 workman 源码,这里不再展现。

实例代码

  • https://github.com/tim1116/ph…

参考:

  • https://www.php.net/manual/zh… (php 反对的 Socket Transports)
  • https://www.php.net/manual/zh…
  • https://www.php.net/manual/zh…
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