关于.net:C程序内存一直在泄漏原来是异步死循环了

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一:背景

1. 讲故事

上个月有位敌人找到我,说他的程序呈现了内存透露,不晓得如何进一步剖析,截图如下:

敌人这段话曾经说的十分长篇累牍了,那就上 windbg 谈话吧。

二:Windbg 剖析

1. 到底是哪一方面的透露

依据敌人形容,程序运行一段时间后,内存就炸了,应该没造成人员伤亡,不然也不会跟我 wx 聊天了,这里能够用 .time 看看以后的 process 跑了多久。


0:000> .time
Debug session time: Thu Oct 21 14:54:39.000 2021 (UTC + 8:00)
System Uptime: 6 days 4:37:27.851
Process Uptime: 0 days 0:40:14.000
  Kernel time: 0 days 0:01:55.000
  User time: 0 days 0:07:33.000

看的进去,这个 dump 是在程序跑了 40min 之后抓的,接下来咱们比拟一下 process 的内存和 gc 堆 占比, 看看到底是哪一块的透露。


0:000> !address -summary

--- State Summary ---------------- RgnCount ----------- Total Size -------- %ofBusy %ofTotal
MEM_FREE                                327     7dfc`c665a000 (125.987 TB)           98.43%
MEM_RESERVE                             481      201`e91a2000 (2.007 TB)  99.74%    1.57%
MEM_COMMIT                             2307        1`507f4000 (5.258 GB)   0.26%    0.00%

0:000> !eeheap -gc
Number of GC Heaps: 2
------------------------------

GC Allocated Heap Size:    Size: 0x139923528 (5260850472) bytes.
GC Committed Heap Size:    Size: 0x13bf23000 (5300695040) bytes.

从卦中可轻松得悉, 这是一个完完全全的托管堆内存透露。

2. 到底是什么占用了如此大的内存

晓得是 托管层 的透露,感觉一下子就幸福起来了,接下来用 !dumpheap -stat 看看有没有什么大对象可挖。


0:000> !dumpheap -stat
Statistics:
              MT    Count    TotalSize Class Name
00007ffdeb1fc400  5362921    128710104 xxxBLLs.xxx.BundleBiz+<>c__DisplayClass20_0
00007ffdeaeff140  5362929    171613728 System.Collections.Generic.List`1[[xxx.xxx, xxx]]
00007ffdeaeff640  5362957    171615272 xxx.BLLs.Plan.Dto.xxx[]
00007ffde8171e18 16146362    841456072 System.String
00007ffdeb210098  5362921   1415811144 System.Runtime.CompilerServices.AsyncTaskMethodBuilder`1+AsyncStateMachineBox`1[[System.Threading.Tasks.VoidTaskResult, System.Private.CoreLib],[xxx.BundleBiz+<DistributionBundle>d__20, xxx]]
00007ffdea9ca260  5362921   2359685240 xxx.Bundle             

从输入看,内存次要被 xxx.BundleAsyncTaskMethodBuilder 两大类对象给吃掉了,数量都高达 536w,这里有一个十分有意思的中央,如果你理解异步,我置信你一看就能看出 AsyncTaskMethodBuilder + VoidTaskResult 是干嘛的,依照教训,这位敌人应该误入了 异步有限递归,那怎么去挖呢?接着往下看。

3. 寻找问题代码

看到下面的 xxx.BundleBiz+<DistributionBundle>d__20 了吗?这个正是异步操作所波及到的类和办法,接下来用 ILSpy 反射出 BundleBiz 下的匿名类 <DistributionBundle>d__20 , 如下图所示:

尽管找到了源码,但代码是 ILSpy 反编译进去的异步状态机,接下来的一个问题是,如何依据状态机代码反向寻找到 await,async 代码呢?在 ILSpy 中有一个 used by 性能,在这里能够用起来了。

双击 used by 就能看到真正的调用代码, 简化后如下:


public async Task DistributionBundle(List<Bundle> list, List<xxx> bwdList, xxx item, List<xxx> sumDetails, List<xxx> details, BundleParameter bundleParameter, IEnumerable<dynamic> labels)
{
    int num = 0;
    foreach (xxx detail in sumDetails)
    {IEnumerable<xxx> woDetails = details.Where((xxx w) => w.Size == detail.Size && w.Color == detail.Color);
        foreach (xxx item2 in woDetails)
        {xxx}
        woDetails = woDetails.OrderBy((xxx s) => s.Seq).ToList();
        num++;
        xxx
        Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
        Bundle bundle2 = bundle;
        bundle2.BundleId = await _repo.CreateBundleId();
        
        foreach (xxx item3 in woDetails)
        {item3.TaskQty = item3.WoQty + Math.Ceiling(item3.WoQty * item3.OverCutRate);
            decimal value = default(decimal);
        }

        await DistributionBundle(list, bwdList, item, sumDetails, details, bundleParameter, labels);
    }
}

认真看下面这段代码, 我去,await DistributionBundle(list, bwdList, item, sumDetails, details, bundleParameter, labels); 又调用了本身,看样子是某种条件下陷入了一个死递归。。。

有些敌人可能要问,除了教训之外,能从 dump 中剖析进去吗?当然能够,从 500w+ 中抽一个看看它的 !gcroot 即可。


0:000> !DumpHeap /d -mt 00007ffdeb210098
         Address               MT     Size
000001a297913a68 00007ffdeb210098      264     
000001a297913b70 00007ffdeb210098      264  

0:000> !gcroot 000001a297913a68
Thread 5ac:
    000000470B1EE4E0 00007FFE45103552 System.Threading.Tasks.Task.SpinThenBlockingWait(Int32, System.Threading.CancellationToken) [/_/src/System.Private.CoreLib/shared/System/Threading/Tasks/Task.cs @ 2922]
        rbp+10: 000000470b1ee550
            ->  000001A297A25D88 System.Runtime.CompilerServices.AsyncTaskMethodBuilder`1+AsyncStateMachineBox`1[[System.Threading.Tasks.VoidTaskResult, System.Private.CoreLib],[Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.HostingAbstractionsHostExtensions+<RunAsync>d__4, Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.Abstractions]]
            ->  000001A29796D8C0 Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.Internal.Host
            ...
            ->  000001A298213248 System.Data.SqlClient.TdsParserStateObjectNative
            ->  000001A32E6AB700 System.Threading.Tasks.TaskFactory`1+<>c__DisplayClass38_0`1[[System.Data.SqlClient.SqlDataReader, System.Data.SqlClient],[System.Data.CommandBehavior, System.Data.Common]]
            ->  000001A32E6AB728 System.Threading.Tasks.Task`1[[System.Data.SqlClient.SqlDataReader, System.Data.SqlClient]]
            ->  000001A32E6ABB18 System.Threading.Tasks.StandardTaskContinuation
            ->  000001A32E6ABA80 System.Threading.Tasks.ContinuationTaskFromResultTask`1[[System.Data.SqlClient.SqlDataReader, System.Data.SqlClient]]
            ->  000001A32E6AB6C0 System.Action`1[[System.Threading.Tasks.Task`1[[System.Data.SqlClient.SqlDataReader, System.Data.SqlClient]], System.Private.CoreLib]]
            ->  000001A32E6AB428 System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand+<>c__DisplayClass130_0
            ...
            ->  000001A32E6ABC08 System.Runtime.CompilerServices.AsyncTaskMethodBuilder`1+AsyncStateMachineBox`1[[System.String, System.Private.CoreLib],[Dapper.SqlMapper+<QueryRowAsync>d__34`1[[System.String, System.Private.CoreLib]], Dapper]]
            ->  000001A32E6ABD20 System.Runtime.CompilerServices.AsyncTaskMethodBuilder`1+AsyncStateMachineBox`1[[System.String, System.Private.CoreLib],[xxx.DALs.xxx.BundleRepo+<CreateBundleId>d__12, xxx]]
            ->  000001A32E6ABD98 System.Runtime.CompilerServices.AsyncTaskMethodBuilder`1+AsyncStateMachineBox`1[[System.Threading.Tasks.VoidTaskResult, System.Private.CoreLib],[xxx.BundleBiz+<DistributionBundle>d__20, xxx]]
            ->  000001A32E6A6BD8 System.Runtime.CompilerServices.AsyncTaskMethodBuilder`1+AsyncStateMachineBox`1[[System.Threading.Tasks.VoidTaskResult, System.Private.CoreLib],[xxx.BundleBiz+<DistributionBundle>d__20, xxx]]
            ->  000001A433250520 System.Runtime.CompilerServices.AsyncTaskMethodBuilder`1+AsyncStateMachineBox`1[[System.Threading.Tasks.VoidTaskResult, System.Private.CoreLib],[xxx.BundleBiz+<DistributionBundle>d__20, xxx]]
            ->  000001A32E69E0F8 System.Runtime.CompilerServices.AsyncTaskMethodBuilder`1+AsyncStateMachineBox`1[[System.Threading.Tasks.VoidTaskResult, System.Private.CoreLib],[xxx.BundleBiz+<DistributionBundle>d__20, xxx]]
            ->  000001A433247D28 System.Runtime.CompilerServices.AsyncTaskMethodBuilder`1+AsyncStateMachineBox`1[[System.Threading.Tasks.VoidTaskResult, System.Private.CoreLib],[xxx.BundleBiz+<DistributionBundle>d__20, xxx]]
            ->  000001A433246330 System.Runtime.CompilerServices.AsyncTaskMethodBuilder`1+AsyncStateMachineBox`1[[System.Threading.Tasks.VoidTaskResult, System.Private.CoreLib],[xxx.BundleBiz+<DistributionBundle>d__20, xxx]]
            ->  000001A32E69A568 System.Runtime.CompilerServices.AsyncTaskMethodBuilder`1+AsyncStateMachineBox`1[[System.Threading.Tasks.VoidTaskResult, System.Private.CoreLib],[xxx.BundleBiz+<DistributionBundle>d__20, xxx]]
            ->  000001A433245408 System.Runtime.CompilerServices.AsyncTaskMethodBuilder`1+AsyncStateMachineBox`1[[System.Threading.Tasks.VoidTaskResult, System.Private.CoreLib],[xxx.BundleBiz+<DistributionBundle>d__20, xxx]]
            ...

从调用栈来看,代码貌似是从数据库读取记录的过程中陷入死循环的。

4. 为什么没有呈现栈溢出

一看到有限循环,我置信很多敌人必定要问,为啥没呈现堆栈溢出,毕竟默认的线程栈空间仅仅 1M 而已,从 !gcroot 上看,这些援用都是挂在 5ac 线程上,也就是上面输入的 主线程 , 而且主线程栈也十分洁净。


0:000> !t
ThreadCount:      30
UnstartedThread:  0
BackgroundThread: 24
PendingThread:    0
DeadThread:       5
Hosted Runtime:   no
                                                                                                            Lock  
 DBG   ID     OSID ThreadOBJ           State GC Mode     GC Alloc Context                  Domain           Count Apt Exception
   0    1      5ac 000001A29752CDF0  202a020 Preemptive  0000000000000000:0000000000000000 000001a29754c570 0     MTA 
   4    2     1e64 000001A29752A490    2b220 Preemptive  0000000000000000:0000000000000000 000001a29754c570 0     MTA (Finalizer) 
...


0:000> !clrstack 
OS Thread Id: 0x5ac (0)
        Child SP               IP Call Site
000000470B1EE1D0 00007ffe5eb30544 [GCFrame: 000000470b1ee1d0] 
000000470B1EE318 00007ffe5eb30544 [HelperMethodFrame_1OBJ: 000000470b1ee318] System.Threading.Monitor.ObjWait(Boolean, Int32, System.Object)
000000470B1EE440 00007ffe45103c25 System.Threading.ManualResetEventSlim.Wait(Int32, System.Threading.CancellationToken)
000000470B1EE4E0 00007ffe45103552 System.Threading.Tasks.Task.SpinThenBlockingWait(Int32, System.Threading.CancellationToken) [/_/src/System.Private.CoreLib/shared/System/Threading/Tasks/Task.cs @ 2922]
000000470B1EE550 00007ffe451032cf System.Threading.Tasks.Task.InternalWaitCore(Int32, System.Threading.CancellationToken) [/_/src/System.Private.CoreLib/shared/System/Threading/Tasks/Task.cs @ 2861]
000000470B1EE5D0 00007ffe45121b04 System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(System.Threading.Tasks.Task) [/_/src/System.Private.CoreLib/shared/System/Runtime/CompilerServices/TaskAwaiter.cs @ 143]
000000470B1EE600 00007ffe4510482d System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.GetResult() [/_/src/System.Private.CoreLib/shared/System/Runtime/CompilerServices/TaskAwaiter.cs @ 106]
000000470B1EE630 00007ffe4de36595 Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.HostingAbstractionsHostExtensions.Run(Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting.IHost) [/_/src/Hosting/Abstractions/src/HostingAbstractionsHostExtensions.cs @ 49]
000000470B1EE660 00007ffde80f3b4b xxx.Program.Main(System.String[])
000000470B1EE8B8 00007ffe47c06c93 [GCFrame: 000000470b1ee8b8] 
000000470B1EEE50 00007ffe47c06c93 [GCFrame: 000000470b1eee50] 

如果你略微理解一点 异步 的玩法,你应该晓得这其中有一个 IO 实现端口 的概念,它能够实现 句柄ThreadPool 的绑定,有限递归只不过是进了 IO 实现端口 的待回调队列中而已,实践上和栈空间没什么关系,也就不会呈现栈溢出了。

三:总结

本次内存透露的事变次要还是因为程序员的粗心,兴许是长期的 996 给弄恍惚了 😂😂😂,有了这些信息,修改起来置信会非常简单。

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