关于mysql:PrometheusGrafana钉钉部署一个单机的MySQL监控告警系统

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[toc]

一、Prometheus

# 1. 下载
wget https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.35.0/prometheus-2.35.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz

# 2. 解压
tar xvpf prometheus-2.35.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /usr/local

# 3. 建软链
ln -s /usr/local/prometheus-2.35.0.linux-amd64 /usr/local/prometheus

# 4. 建用户和目录并开权限
groupadd prometheus
useradd prometheus -g prometheus -s /sbin/nologin
mkdir -p /data/prometheus
chown prometheus.prometheus /data/prometheus -R
chown prometheus.prometheus /usr/local/prometheus/ -R

# 5. 配置启动
echo '
[Unit]
Description=prometheus
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=simple
User=prometheus
ExecStart=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus \
          --config.file=/usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml \
          --storage.tsdb.path=/data/prometheus \
          --web.console.templates=/usr/local/prometheus/consoles \
          --web.console.libraries=/usr/local/prometheus/console_libraries
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=60s
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
' > /usr/lib/systemd/system/prometheus.service

# 6. 增加 prometheus.yml 配置
echo '
global:
  scrape_interval: 15s
  scrape_timeout: 10s
  evaluation_interval: 15s

alerting:
  alertmanagers:
  - static_configs:
    - targets:
      - localhost:9093
    scheme: http
    timeout: 10s

rule_files:
- /usr/local/prometheus/rules.d/*.rules

scrape_configs:
- job_name: prometheus
  honor_timestamps: true
  scrape_interval: 5s
  scrape_timeout: 5s
  metrics_path: /metrics
  scheme: http
  static_configs:
  - targets:
    - localhost:9090

- job_name: node-exporter
  honor_timestamps: true
  scrape_interval: 5s
  scrape_timeout: 5s
  metrics_path: /metrics
  scheme: http
  static_configs:
  - targets:
    - localhost:9100

- job_name: mysqld-exporter
  honor_timestamps: true
  scrape_interval: 5s
  scrape_timeout: 5s
  metrics_path: /metrics
  scheme: http
  static_configs:
  - targets:
    - localhost:9104
' > /usr/local/prometheus/prometheus.yml


# 7. 启动
systemctl enable prometheus.service
systemctl start prometheus.service

# 8. 确认开启
[root@mgr2 prometheus]# netstat -nltp|grep prometheus
tcp6       0      0 :::9090                 :::*                    LISTEN      11028/prometheus

9. 浏览器拜访呈现 prometheus 的治理后盾

http://192.168.6.216:9090

以上单机版的 prometheus 服务端就部署实现了，接下来咱们部署下node_export 和 mysqld_export 来采集零碎和 MySQL 的监控数据。

二、exporter

exporter 是客户端采集模块，除了零碎模块 node_exporter 之外，每个利用都有本人相应的模块，比方 MySQL 的 mysqld_exporter

建设一个 exporter 对立治理目录

mkdir -p /usr/local/prometheus_exporter
chown prometheus.prometheus /usr/local/prometheus_exporter -R

2.1 node_exporter

用来监控零碎指标的 exporter 包含内存、CPU、磁盘空间、磁盘 IO、网络等一系列指标数据。

# 1. 下载解压
wget https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter/releases/download/v0.18.0/node_exporter-0.18.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar xvpf node_exporter-0.18.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
cd node_exporter-0.18.0.linux-amd64/
mv node_exporter /usr/local/prometheus_exporter/
chown prometheus:prometheus /usr/local/prometheus_exporter/ -R

# 2. 配置启动服务
echo '
[Unit]
Description=node_exporter
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=simple
User=prometheus
ExecStart=/usr/local/prometheus_exporter/node_exporter
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=60s
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
' > /usr/lib/systemd/system/node_exporter.service

# 5. 启动
systemctl enable node_exporter.service
systemctl start node_exporter.service

# 6. 确认开启
[root@mgr2 node_exporter]# netstat -nltp|grep node_exporter
tcp6       0      0 :::9100                 :::*                    LISTEN      15654/node_exporter

# 7. 确认采集到数据
[root@mgr2 prometheus]# curl http://192.168.6.216:9100/metrics
# TYPE node_cpu_seconds_total counter
node_cpu_seconds_total{cpu="0",mode="idle"} 273849.94
node_cpu_seconds_total{cpu="0",mode="iowait"} 607.22
node_cpu_seconds_total{cpu="0",mode="irq"} 0
node_cpu_seconds_total{cpu="0",mode="nice"} 84.82
node_cpu_seconds_total{cpu="0",mode="softirq"} 3.35
node_cpu_seconds_total{cpu="0",mode="steal"} 0
node_cpu_seconds_total{cpu="0",mode="system"} 5026.1
node_cpu_seconds_total{cpu="0",mode="user"} 3723.54
# HELP node_disk_io_now The number of I/Os currently in progress.
# TYPE node_disk_io_now gauge
node_disk_io_now{device="dm-0"} 0
node_disk_io_now{device="dm-1"} 0

2.2 mysqld_exporter

监控 MySQL 的 exporter，包含连接数、同步状态，InnoDB 状态、响应状态等。

# 下载解压
wget https://github.com/prometheus/mysqld_exporter/releases/download/v0.11.0/mysqld_exporter-0.11.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar xvpf mysqld_exporter-0.11.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
cd mysqld_exporter-0.11.0.linux-amd64
mv mysqld_exporter /usr/local/prometheus_exporter/
chown prometheus:prometheus /usr/local/prometheus_exporter/ -R

# 3. 创立监控用的账户权限，数据库是 8.0 版本
CREATE USER 'mysqlmonitor'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED BY 'mc.2022' WITH MAX_USER_CONNECTIONS 3;
GRANT PROCESS, REPLICATION CLIENT, SELECT ON *.* TO 'mysqlmonitor'@'127.0.0.1';
ALTER USER 'mysqlmonitor'@'127.0.0.1' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'mc.2022';
flush privileges;

# 4. 配置启动服务
vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld_exporter.service

[Unit]
Description=mysqld_exporter
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=simple
User=prometheus
Environment='DATA_SOURCE_NAME=mysqlmonitor:mc.2022@tcp(127.0.0.1:3306)'
ExecStart=/usr/local/prometheus_exporter/mysqld_exporter \
          --config.my-cnf='/data/GreatSQL/my.cnf' \
          --collect.engine_innodb_status \
          --collect.slave_status \
          --web.listen-address=:9104 \
          --web.telemetry-path=/metrics
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=60s
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

# 5. 启动
systemctl enable mysqld_exporter.service
systemctl start mysqld_exporter.service

# 6. 确认开启
[root@mgr2 prometheus]# netstat -nltp|grep mysqld_export
tcp6       0      0 :::9104                 :::*                    LISTEN      14639/mysqld_export

# 7. 确认采集到数据
[root@mgr2 prometheus]# curl http://192.168.6.216:9104/metrics
# TYPE mysql_up gauge
mysql_up 1
......

三、grafana

通过 grafana 咱们能够将采集到的数据通过可视化的形式展示进去，对采集的数据进行展现和分类等。

grafana 的数据源既能够是 prometheus 也能够是 zabbix、ES 等、这是一个提供多种数据接口的数据展现软件。

3.1 部署

# 1. 通过 rpm 装置
wget https://dl.grafana.com/enterprise/release/grafana-enterprise-8.5.3-1.x86_64.rpm
yum install grafana-enterprise-8.5.3-1.x86_64.rpm

# 2. 备份先原来的配置
mv /etc/grafana/grafana.ini /etc/grafana/grafana.ini.`date +"%Y-%m-%d"`.bak

# 3. 创立目录
mkdir -p /data/grafana
mkdir -p /data/logs/grafana
mkdir -p /usr/local/grafana/plugins
chown grafana.grafana /data/grafana
chown grafana.grafana /data/logs/grafana
chown grafana.grafana /usr/local/grafana/plugins
 
# 4. 拷贝模板文件进行替换

echo '
app_mode = production
[paths]
data = /data/grafana
temp_data_lifetime = 24h
logs = /data/logs/grafana
plugins = /usr/local/grafana/plugins

[server]
protocol = http
http_port = 3000
domain = gkht
root_url = http://192.168.6.216:3000
enable_gzip = true

[database]
log_queries =

[remote_cache]
[session]
provider = file
[dataproxy]
[analytics]
reporting_enabled = false
check_for_updates = false
[security]
admin_user = admin
admin_password = admin
secret_key = SW2YcwTIb9zpOOhoPsMm
[snapshots]
[dashboards]
versions_to_keep = 10
[users]
default_theme = dark
[auth]
[auth.anonymous]
enabled = true
org_role = Viewer
[auth.github]
[auth.google]
[auth.generic_oauth]
[auth.grafana_com]
[auth.proxy]
[auth.basic]
[auth.ldap]
[smtp]
[emails]
[log]
mode = console file
level = info
[log.console]
[log.file]
log_rotate = true
daily_rotate = true
max_days = 30
[log.syslog]
[alerting]
enabled = true
execute_alerts = true
[explore]
[metrics]
enabled = true
interval_seconds = 10
[metrics.graphite]
[tracing.jaeger]

[grafana_com]
url = https://grafana.com
[external_image_storage]
[external_image_storage.s3]
[external_image_storage.webdav]
[external_image_storage.gcs]
[external_image_storage.azure_blob]
[external_image_storage.local]
[rendering]
[enterprise]
[panels]
' > /etc/grafana/grafana.ini

chown grafana.grafana /etc/grafana/grafana.ini

# 5. 开启
systemctl enable grafana-server.service
systemctl start grafana-server.service

# 6. 查看开启状态
[root@mgr2 opt]# netstat -nltp|grep grafana
tcp6       0      0 :::3000                 :::*                    LISTEN      23647/grafana-serve

7. 浏览器拜访

http://192.168.6.216:3000/login

账户明码都是 admin 登陆后先改下管理员明码，这里演示就跳过，上面是主界面

3.2 配置数据源

1. 设置，Data sources

2.Add data source

3. 输出 Prometheus

4. 增加数据源信息

5. 测试连贯

6. 返回数据源

3.3 配置监控模板

模板库：https://grafana.com/dashboards

node_exporter 面板

抉择数据源 Prometheus，输出 exporter，抉择活跃度高的。

点击面板后，查看右侧 id 值

1. 抉择导入 Import

2. 输出 id 值，而后 load

3. 输出名称，抉择数据源，点击导入

4. 查看监控数据

5. 保留面板

mysqld_exporter 面板

还是像之前步骤一样，搜寻 mysql 关键字，找到面板，拷贝 id 7362，而后导入报存。

查看面板数据

设置，抉择 Browse

能够看到增加的 2 个模板

点击后能够看到残缺数据

以上部署后曾经有了展现模块，咱们配置下告警模块

四、alertmanager

alertmanager 是普米的告警模块，可配置各种告警规定并将告警内容发送到微信、钉钉、邮箱等。

4.1 配置 alertmanager 服务

# 1. 下载
wget https://github.com/prometheus/alertmanager/releases/download/v0.17.0/alertmanager-0.17.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz 

# 2. 解压并拷贝文件
tar xvpf alertmanager-0.17.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
ln -s /usr/local/alertmanager-0.17.0.linux-amd64 /usr/local/alertmanager

# 3. 创立数据目录并赋权
mkdir -p /data/alertmanager
chown prometheus:prometheus /data/alertmanager -R
chown prometheus:prometheus /usr/local/alertmanager -R

# 4. 配置启动脚本
echo '
[Unit]
Description=alertmanager
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=simple
User=prometheus
ExecStart=/usr/local/alertmanager/alertmanager \
          --config.file=/usr/local/alertmanager/alertmanager.yml \
          --storage.path=/data/alertmanager \
          --data.retention=120h
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=60s
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
' > /usr/lib/systemd/system/alertmanager.service

# 5. 启动
systemctl enable alertmanager.service
systemctl start alertmanager.service

# 6. 查看开启状况
[root@mgr2 alertmanager]# netstat -nltp|grep alertmanager
tcp6       0      0 :::9093                 :::*                    LISTEN      30369/alertmanager
tcp6       0      0 :::9094                 :::*                    LISTEN      30369/alertmanager

4.2 配置 dingding 告警

4.2.1 创立 dingding 告警机器人

1. 钉钉创立一个群组，取名 告警

2. 点击右上角的 设置

3. 点击 智能群助手

4. 增加机器人

5. 点击设置

6. 抉择自定义

7. 点击 增加

8. 设置下 机器人 和 平安设置 , 点击实现

9. 最初确认信息，点击实现

10. 设置后，群音讯会弹出欢送音讯

4.2.2 装置钉钉告警插件
# 1. 下载
wget https://github.com/timonwong/prometheus-webhook-dingtalk/releases/download/v2.0.0/prometheus-webhook-dingtalk-2.0.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz

# 2. 解压
tar xvpf prometheus-webhook-dingtalk-2.0.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
mv prometheus-webhook-dingtalk-2.0.0.linux-amd64 /usr/local/
ln -s /usr/local/prometheus-webhook-dingtalk-2.0.0.linux-amd64 /usr/local/prometheus-webhook-dingtalk

# 3. 配置 config.yml
# 拷贝个模板文件 
# url 和 secret 是咱们创立告警机器人的时候呈现的 webook 和平安设置的 "加签"

cp config.example.yml config.yml

[root@mgr2 prometheus-webhook-dingtalk]# cat config.yml
templates:
  - contrib/templates/legacy/template.tmpl

targets:
  webhook1:
    url: https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token=xxxxxxxxxxxx
    secret: SEC000000000000000000000

# 4. 配置启动服务
echo '
[Unit]
Description=prometheus-webhook-dingtalk
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=simple
User=prometheus
ExecStart=/usr/local/prometheus-webhook-dingtalk/prometheus-webhook-dingtalk  \
          --config.file='/usr/local/prometheus-webhook-dingtalk/config.yml'
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=60s
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
' > /usr/lib/systemd/system/prometheus-webhook-dingtalk.service

# 5. 赋权
chown prometheus.prometheus /usr/local/prometheus-webhook-dingtalk -R

# 6. 启动
systemctl enable prometheus-webhook-dingtalk.service
systemctl start prometheus-webhook-dingtalk.service

# 7. 确认开启了
[root@mgr2 prometheus-webhook-dingtalk]# ps -aux|grep prometheus-webhook-dingtalk
prometh+ 23162  0.0  0.3 716116  5768 ?        Ssl  15:23   0:00 /usr/local/prometheus-webhook-dingtalk/prometheus-webhook-dingtalk --config.file=/usr/local/prometheus-webhook-dingtalk/config.yml              :::*                    LISTEN      15654/node_exporter

以上，钉钉告警模块就实现了

4.3 配置 rule

prometheus.yml 有个rule_files 模块会加载咱们的自定义配置信息

# 1. 创立目录
mkdir -p /usr/local/prometheus/rules.d/

# 2. 配置告警规定信息
[root@mgr2 rules.d]# cat test.rules
groups:
  - name: OsStatsAlert
    rules:
    - alert: Out of Disk Space
      expr: (1 - (node_filesystem_avail_bytes{fstype=~"ext[34]|xfs"} / node_filesystem_size_bytes{fstype=~"ext[234]|btrfs|xfs|zfs"}) ) * 100 > 15
      for: 1m
      labels:
        team: node
      annotations:
        summary: "{{$labels.instance}}: 文件系统空间使用率过高"
        description: "{{$labels.instance}}: 文件系统空间使用率超过 15% (以后使用率: {{ $value}})"

  - name: MySQLStatsAlert
    rules:
    - alert: MySQL is down
      expr: mysql_up == 0
      for: 1m
      labels:
        severity: critical
      annotations:
        summary: "Instance {{$labels.instance}} MySQL is down"
        description: "MySQL database is down."

# 3. 重启
systemctl restart prometheus
systemctl restart alertmanager

4. 敞开 MySQL 过程，察看告警信息

systemctl stop greatsql@mgr3306.service

5. 提醒告警信息

6. 异样复原后也会进行告警告诉

五、总结

以上基于 Prometheus+Grafana+ 钉钉简略部署了一个告警零碎，能够结合实际状况自行进行扩大，在生产上 Prometheus 个别采纳集群形式，避免单点故障，同时也可与 consul 联合做服务主动发现，缩小手动配置环节。

Enjoy GreatSQL :)

文章举荐：

面向金融级利用的 GreatSQL 正式开源
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/cI…

Changes in GreatSQL 8.0.25 (2021-8-18)
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/qc…

MGR 及 GreatSQL 资源汇总
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/qX…

GreatSQL MGR FAQ
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/J6…

在 Linux 下源码编译装置 GreatSQL/MySQL
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/WZ…

# 对于 GreatSQL

GreatSQL 是由万里数据库保护的 MySQL 分支，专一于晋升 MGR 可靠性及性能，反对 InnoDB 并行查问个性，是实用于金融级利用的 MySQL 分支版本。

Gitee:

https://gitee.com/GreatSQL/Gr…

GitHub:

https://github.com/GreatSQL/G…

Bilibili：

https://space.bilibili.com/13…

微信 &QQ 群：

可搜寻增加 GreatSQL 社区助手微信好友，发送验证信息“加群”退出 GreatSQL/MGR 交换微信群

QQ 群：533341697

微信小助手：wanlidbc

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2022-05-25
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