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很多时候咱们有这样的需要,数据库的字段名与实体类的属性名不统一,这个时候咱们须要怎么做呢?有两种解决方案,第一种:间接在查问的时候应用别名,将别名设置成与实体类的属性名统一。第二种:应用 resultType,本人定义映射关系。
整个我的项目的目录如下:
首先,咱们须要搭建数据库 mysql 环境(test.sql),id 咱们写成了 sid,name 咱们写成了 sname,age 咱们写成了 sage:
# 创立数据库
CREATE DATABASE `test` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
#创立数据表
CREATE TABLE `student` (`sid` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT , `sname` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL ,
`sage` INT NOT NULL , `score` DOUBLE NOT NULL , PRIMARY KEY (`sid`)) ENGINE = MyISAM;
Student.class 实体类:
public class Student {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private int age;
private double score;
public Student(){}
public Student(String name, int age, double score) {super();
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.score = score;
}
public Integer getId() {return id;}
public void setId(Integer id) {this.id = id;}
public String getName() {return name;}
public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}
public int getAge() {return age;}
public void setAge(int age) {this.age = age;}
public double getScore() {return score;}
public void setScore(double score) {this.score = score;}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Student [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age
+ ", score=" + score + "]";
}
}
pom.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.test</groupId>
<artifactId>test</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<dependencies>
<!-- mybatis 外围包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mysql 驱动包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.21</version>
</dependency>
<!-- junit 测试包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 日志文件治理包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>1.7.12</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>1.7.12</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
主配置文件 mybatis.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- 配置数据库文件 -->
<properties resource="jdbc_mysql.properties">
</properties>
<!-- 别名,对数据对象操作全名太长,须要应用别名 -->
<typeAliases>
<!--<typeAlias type="bean.Student" alias="Student"/>-->
<!-- 间接应用类名即可,对于整个包的门路配置(别名),简略快捷 -->
<package name="bean"/>
</typeAliases>
<!-- 配置运行环境 -->
<!-- default 示意默认应用哪一个环境,能够配置多个,比方开发时的测试环境,上线后的正式环境等 -->
<environments default="mysqlEM">
<environment id="mysqlEM">
<transactionManager type="JDBC">
</transactionManager>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.user}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<!-- 注册映射文件 -->
<mappers>
<mapper resource="mapper/mapper.xml"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
数据库配置文件(jdbc_mysql.properties):
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=UTC
jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=123456
日志配置文件 log4j.prperties:
log4j.prpp
log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, stdout
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=[service] %d - %c -%-4r [%t] %-5p %c %x - %m%n
log4j.logger.java.sql.Statement = debug
log4j.logger.java.sql.PreparedStatement = debug
log4j.logger.java.sql.ResultSet =debug
应用到的工具类(MyBatisUtils.java):
public class MyBatisUtils {
static private SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
static public SqlSession getSqlSession() {
InputStream is;
try {is = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis.xml");
if (sqlSessionFactory == null) {sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(is);
}
return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();}
return null;
}
}
接口定义(IStudentDao.java):
public interface IStudentDao {
// 返回所有学生的信息 List
public List<Student> selectAllStudents();
// 依据 id 查找学生
public Student selectStudentById(int id);
}
接口实现类(StudentDaoImpl.class):
public class StudentDaoImpl implements IStudentDao {
private SqlSession sqlSession;
public List<Student> selectAllStudents() {
List<Student> students ;
try {sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
students = sqlSession.selectList("selectAllStudents");
// 查问不必批改,所以不必提交事务
} finally {if (sqlSession != null) {sqlSession.close();
}
}
return students;
}
public Student selectStudentById(int id) {
Student student=null;
try {sqlSession=MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
student=sqlSession.selectOne("selectStudentById",id);
sqlSession.commit();} finally{if(sqlSession!=null){sqlSession.close();
}
}
return student;
}
}
最次要的 mapper 文件:
能够间接应用别名:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="abc">
<select id="selectAllStudents" resultType="Student">
select sid as id,sname as name,sage as age,score from student
</select>
<select id="selectStudentById" resultType="Student">
select sid as id,sname as name,sage as age,score from student where sid=${value}
</select>
</mapper>
或者能够本人定义映射:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="abc">
<resultMap id="StudentMapper" type="Student">
<id column="sid" property="id"/>
<result column="sname" property="name"/>
<result column="sage" property="age"/>
</resultMap>
<select id="selectAllStudents" resultMap="StudentMapper">
select sid as id,sname as name,sage as age,score from student
</select>
<select id="selectStudentById" resultMap="StudentMapper">
select sid as id,sname as name,sage as age,score from student where sid=${value}
</select>
</mapper>
须要留神的点:
- <resultMap></resultMap> 有一个 id 属性,这个是在其余中央应用的时候的 id
- Type – 实体类,能够写别名,要不就要写带全门路的类名
- id – 标签是为了标记出作为 ID 的后果能够帮忙进步整体性能
- result – 注入到字段或 JavaBean 属性的一般后果
- association – 一个简单类型的关联; 许多后果将包装成这种类型嵌套后果映射 – 关联能够指定为一个 resultMap 元素,或者援用一个
- collection – 一个简单类型的汇合
嵌套后果映射 – 汇合能够指定为一个 resultMap 元素,或者援用一个
- discriminator – 应用后果值来决定应用哪个 resultMap
case – 基于某些值的后果映射
嵌套后果映射 – 一个 case 也是一个映射它自身的后果, 因而能够蕴含很多相 同的元素,或者它能够参照一个内部的 resultMap。
如果对象名与属性名统一,咱们能够不把它写入 <resultMap></resultMap>
测试类 MyTest.class:
public class MyTest {
private IStudentDao dao;
@Before
public void Before(){dao=new StudentDaoImpl();
}
/*
* 查问列表
*
*/
@Test
public void testselectList(){List<Student> students=dao.selectAllStudents();
if(students.size()>0){for(Student student:students){System.out.println(student);
}
}
}
/*
* 通过 id 来查问 student
*
*/
@Test
public void testselectStudentById(){Student student=dao.selectStudentById(1);
System.out.println(student);
}
}
【作者简介】:
秦怀,公众号【秦怀杂货店】作者,技术之路不在一时,山高水长,纵使迟缓,驰而不息。这个世界心愿所有都很快,更快,然而我心愿本人能走好每一步,写好每一篇文章,期待和你们一起交换。
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