关于mongodb:mongoTemplate-常用实操

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  1. Java mongoTemplate
    应用 mongoTemplate 表白 mongo shell 表达式。
  2. 应用 spring boot 集成 mongo,而后间接跑 test 实操

蕴含,$group,$project 等操作

package com.example.springboot;

import lombok.Builder;
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;
import lombok.ToString;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;
import org.assertj.core.util.Lists;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeAll;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;
import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.BulkOperations;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.MongoTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.aggregation.*;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.mapping.Document;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Criteria;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Query;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.Update;
import org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.query.UpdateDefinition;
import org.springframework.data.util.Pair;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

import static org.springframework.data.mongodb.core.aggregation.Aggregation.newAggregationOptions;

/**
 * @see com.example.springboot.SpringbootApplicationTests#testProject()
 */

@SpringBootTest
class SpringbootApplicationTests {
    @Autowired
    private  MongoTemplate mongoTemplate;
    @Test
    void contextLoads() {}

    /**
     *  初始化 student 数据
     */
    @Test
    public  void setupData(){Student student = Student.builder()
                .id("1").name("张三").age(15).chinese(90).maths(95).physics(93).chemistry(100).biology(99).english(98).build();
        Student student1 = Student.builder()
                .id("2").name("李四").age(18).chinese(80).maths(90).physics(93).chemistry(88).biology(93).english(83).build();
        Student student2 = Student.builder()
                .id("3").name("王五").age(16).chinese(72).maths(80).physics(84).chemistry(77).biology(79).english(72).build();
        Student student3 = Student.builder()
                .id("4").name("王小二").age(20).chinese(72).maths(80).physics(84).chemistry(77).biology(79).english(72).build();
        Student student4 = Student.builder()
                .id("5").name("jim").age(20).chinese(72).maths(80).physics(84).chemistry(77).biology(79).english(79).build();
        List<Student> students = Lists.newArrayList(student,student1, student2,student3, student4);
        BulkOperations bulkOperations =
                mongoTemplate.bulkOps(BulkOperations.BulkMode.UNORDERED, Student.COLLECTION);
        bulkOperations.insert(students);
        bulkOperations.execute();}

    /**
     *  初始化书籍数据
     */
    @Test
    public void setupBooksData(){Book apue = Book.builder().id("1").title("apue").author("stevens").type("computer").copies(8).build();
        Book  mysqlInAction = Book.builder().id("2").title("mysql in action").author("lee").type("computer").copies(10).build();
        Book  redisInAction = Book.builder().id("3").title("redis in action").author("lee").type("computer").copies(5).build();
        Book  englishABC = Book.builder().id("4").title("english A B C").author("li lei").type("english").copies(15).build();
        Book toefl = Book.builder().id("5").title("toefl").author("li lei").type("english").copies(10).build();
        Book chinese = Book.builder().id("6").title("chinese A B C").author("zhang san").type("chinese").copies(12).build();
        List<Book> students = Lists.newArrayList(apue, mysqlInAction, redisInAction, englishABC, toefl, chinese);
        BulkOperations bulkOperations =
                mongoTemplate.bulkOps(BulkOperations.BulkMode.UNORDERED, Book.COLLECTION);
        bulkOperations.insert(students);
        bulkOperations.execute();}
    @Test
    public void insertOneStudent(){Student student3 = Student.builder()
                .id("7").name("jeff").age(19).chinese(73).maths(80).physics(84).chemistry(77).biology(79).english(72).build();
        mongoTemplate.insert(student3);
    }

    /**
     *  数据中没有则保留,有这更新
     */
    @Test
    public void saveOneStudent(){Student student3 = Student.builder()
                .id("7").name("jeff").age(100).chinese(73).maths(80).physics(84).chemistry(77).biology(79).english(72).build();
        mongoTemplate.save(student3);
    }

    @Test
    public void batchSave(){// 见数据初始化处}

    /**
     *  update 批量更新,*/
    @Test
    public void testBatchUpdate(){List<Pair<Query, Update>> updates = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i ++){Query query = new Query();
            Criteria criteria = new Criteria().and("_id").is(i+ "");
            query.addCriteria(criteria);
            Update update =  Update.update("age", i);
            updates.add(Pair.of(query, update));
        }
        BulkOperations bulkOperations =
                mongoTemplate.bulkOps(BulkOperations.BulkMode.UNORDERED, "student");
        bulkOperations.updateMulti(updates);
        bulkOperations.execute();}

    /**
     *  将查问进去的后果对立批改。*   mongoTemplate.upsert 办法,如果不存在,则新建一条记录。存在则更新,十分有用。*/
    @Test
    public void testUpdate(){Query query = new Query();
        Criteria criteria = new Criteria().and("age").is(18);
        query.addCriteria(criteria);
        UpdateDefinition update =  Update.update("english",  99);
        mongoTemplate.updateMulti(query, update, "student");
    }

    /**
     *  find $in
     */
    @Test
    public void testFindByIn(){Query query = new Query();
        Criteria criteria = new Criteria().and("age").in(18,19,20);
        query.addCriteria(criteria);
//        query.withHint("age"); // 举荐 mongo 应用索引
        query.skip(1);
        query.limit(10);
        query.with(Sort.by(Sort.Direction.DESC, "age"));
        String qString = query.getQueryObject().toString();
        System.out.println(qString);
        List<Student> students = mongoTemplate.find(query, Student.class);
        System.out.println(students);
    }

    /**
     *  正则
     *  db.student.find({name : /Jim/i});  都是疏忽大小写的
     *  db.student.find({name : {$regex: "Jim", $options: "$i"}});
     */
    @Test
    public void testFindByRegex(){
        String regexStr = "^JI";
//        Criteria criteria = new Criteria().and("name").regex(regexStr, "I");  // I 疏忽大小写
        Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(regexStr, Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE);
        Criteria criteria = new Criteria().and("name").regex(pattern);
        Query query = Query.query(criteria);
        List<Student> students = mongoTemplate.find(query, Student.class);
        System.out.println(students);
    }



    /**
     *  group author.
     *  "pipeline" : [{"$match" : {}}, {"$group" : { "_id" : "$author", "copiesTotal" : { "$sum" : "$copies"}, "copiesMax" : {"$max" : "$copies"}, "avg" : {"$avg" : "$copies"}}}]
     */
    @Test
    public void TestGroup() {List<AggregationOperation> operations = Lists.newArrayList();
        Criteria criteria = new Criteria();
        // todo 减少过滤条件
        operations.add(Aggregation.match(criteria));
        GroupOperation groupOperation = new GroupOperation(Fields.fields("author")).
                sum("copies").as("copiesTotal").
                max("copies").as("copiesMax").
                avg("copies").as("avg");

        operations.add(groupOperation);
        Aggregation aggregation = Aggregation.newAggregation(operations)
                .withOptions(newAggregationOptions().allowDiskUse(true).build());
        AggregationResults<Map> aggregationResults =
                mongoTemplate.aggregate(aggregation, "book", Map.class);
        System.out.println(aggregationResults.getMappedResults());
    }

    /**
     *  $group 字段为 null 时,去所有 $match 匹配的文档都为一个分组。*  $push  将字段退出某个数组,所有 group 的分组中的字段都退出
     * $addToSet 和 push 相比会去重
     *
     *  "pipeline" : [{"$match" : {}}, {"$group" : { "_id" : null, "authurs" : { "$push" : "$author"}}}, {"$project" : { "_id" : 0}}]
     *  "pipeline" : [{"$match" : {}}, {"$group" : { "_id" : null, "authors" : { "$push" : "$author"}, "uniqueAuthors" : {"$addToSet" : "$author"}}}, {"$project" : { "_id" : 0}}]
     */
    @Test
    public void testPush(){List<AggregationOperation> operations = Lists.newArrayList();
        Criteria criteria = new Criteria();
        operations.add(Aggregation.match(criteria));
        GroupOperation groupOperation = Aggregation.group().
                push("author").as("authors")
                .addToSet("author").as("uniqueAuthors");
        operations.add(groupOperation);
        ProjectionOperation projectionOperation = Aggregation.project().andExclude("_id");
        operations.add(projectionOperation);
        Aggregation aggregation = Aggregation.newAggregation(operations)
                .withOptions(newAggregationOptions().allowDiskUse(true).build());
        AggregationResults<Map> aggregationResults =
                mongoTemplate.aggregate(aggregation, "book", Map.class);
        System.out.println(aggregationResults.getMappedResults());
    }

    /**
    * $unwind 根据某个字段数组拆分成独自的文档。*  "pipeline" : [{"$match" : {}}, {"$group" : { "_id" : null, "authors" : { "$push" : "$author"}, "uniqueAuthors" : {"$addToSet" : "$author"}}}, {"$project" : { "_id" : 0}}, {"$unwind" : "$authors"}]
     */
    @Test
    public void testUnwind(){List<AggregationOperation> operations = Lists.newArrayList();
        Criteria criteria = new Criteria();
        operations.add(Aggregation.match(criteria));
        GroupOperation groupOperation = Aggregation.group().
                push("author").as("authors")
                .addToSet("author").as("uniqueAuthors");
        operations.add(groupOperation);
        ProjectionOperation projectionOperation = Aggregation.project().andExclude("_id");
        operations.add(projectionOperation);
        operations.add(Aggregation.unwind("authors"));
        Aggregation aggregation = Aggregation.newAggregation(operations)
                .withOptions(newAggregationOptions().allowDiskUse(true).build());
        AggregationResults<Map> aggregationResults =
                mongoTemplate.aggregate(aggregation, "book", Map.class);
        System.out.println(aggregationResults.getMappedResults());
    }

    /**
     *  project 解决 english 和 maths 之和,并不输入 id 字段。*   "pipeline" : [{"$match" : {}}, {"$project" : { "ts" : { "$add" : ["$english", "$maths"]}, "_id" : 0}}]
     */
    @Test
    public void testProject(){List<AggregationOperation> operations = Lists.newArrayList();
        Criteria criteria = new Criteria();
        operations.add(Aggregation.match(criteria));
        ProjectionOperation projectionOperation = new ProjectionOperation();
        Fields fields =  Fields.fields("student");
        projectionOperation.andInclude(fields);
        projectionOperation = Aggregation.project().and("english").plus("maths").as("ts").andExclude("_id");
        operations.add(projectionOperation);
        Aggregation aggregation = Aggregation.newAggregation(operations)
                .withOptions(newAggregationOptions().allowDiskUse(true).build());
        AggregationResults<Map> aggregationResults =
                mongoTemplate.aggregate(aggregation, "student", Map.class);
        System.out.println(aggregationResults.getMappedResults());
    }

    /**
     * project 输入指定字段,排除其余字段
     * "pipeline" : [{"$match" : {}}, {"$project" : { "name" : 1, "english" : 1, "maths" : 1, "chinese" : 1, "_id" : 0}}]
     */
    @Test
    public void testProjectField(){List<AggregationOperation> operations = Lists.newArrayList();
        Criteria criteria = new Criteria();
        operations.add(Aggregation.match(criteria));
        ProjectionOperation projectionOperation = new ProjectionOperation();
        Fields fields =  Fields.fields("name", "english", "maths", "chinese");
        projectionOperation = projectionOperation.andInclude(fields).andExclude("_id"); //   Aggregation.project(fields).andExclude("_id");
        operations.add(projectionOperation);
        Aggregation aggregation = Aggregation.newAggregation(operations)
                .withOptions(newAggregationOptions().allowDiskUse(true).build());
        AggregationResults<Map> aggregationResults =
                mongoTemplate.aggregate(aggregation, "student", Map.class);
        System.out.println(aggregationResults.getMappedResults());
    }

    /**
     * 统计学生几门课的总分。* 存在问题,如果一个学生的某个课程分数为 null,或者活没有该字段,则统计的 total 为 null.
     *  "pipeline" : [{"$match" : {}}, {"$project" : { "total" : { "$add" : ["$english", "$maths", "$chinese"]}}}]
     */

    @Test
    public void testAggregate(){List<AggregationOperation> operations = Lists.newArrayList();
        Criteria criteria = new Criteria();
        operations.add(Aggregation.match(criteria));
        ProjectionOperation projectionOperation;
        AggregationExpression aggregationExpression = ArithmeticOperators.Add.valueOf("english")
                .add("maths")
                .add("chinese");
        projectionOperation = Aggregation.project().and(aggregationExpression).as("total");
        operations.add(projectionOperation);
        Aggregation aggregation1 = Aggregation.newAggregation(operations)
                .withOptions(newAggregationOptions().allowDiskUse(true).build());
        AggregationResults<Map> aggregationResults1 =
                mongoTemplate.aggregate(aggregation1, "student", Map.class);
        System.out.println(aggregationResults1.getMappedResults());
    }

    /**
     *  怎么多个 $or 一起操作。*  "pipeline" : [{"$match" : { "name" : "张三", "$or" : [{ "maths" : { "$gte" : 90}}, {"english" : { "$gte" : 90}}, {"chinese" : { "$gte" : 90}}]}}]
     */
    @Test
    public void testOrOperation(){List<AggregationOperation> operations = Lists.newArrayList();
        Criteria criteria = new Criteria();
        criteria = criteria.and("name").is("张三");
        Criteria criteria1 = new Criteria().and("maths").gte(90);
        Criteria criteria2 = new Criteria().and("english").gte(90);
        Criteria criteria3 = new Criteria().and("chinese").gte(90);
        criteria = criteria.orOperator(criteria1, criteria2, criteria3);
        operations.add(Aggregation.match(criteria));
        Aggregation aggregation = Aggregation.newAggregation(operations).withOptions(newAggregationOptions().allowDiskUse(true).build());
        AggregationResults<Student> results = mongoTemplate.aggregate(aggregation, "student", Student.class);
        System.out.println(results.getMappedResults());
    }


    @Setter
    @Getter
    @ToString
    @Document(Student.COLLECTION)
    @Builder
    static class Student{
        public static final String COLLECTION = "student";
        public static final String MATHS = "maths";
        public static final String CHINESE = "chinese";
        public static final String ENGLISH = "english";
        public static final String PHYSICS = "physics";
        public static final String CHEMISTRY = "chemistry";
        public static final String BIOLOGY = "biology";
        @Id
        private String id;
        private String name;
        private int age;
        private int maths;
        private int chinese;
        private int english;
        private int physics;
        private int chemistry;
        private int biology;
    }
    @Setter
    @Getter
    @ToString
    @Document(Book.COLLECTION)
    @Builder
    static class Book {
        public static final String COLLECTION = "book";
        @Id
        private String id;
        private String title;
        private String author;
        private int copies;  // 库存数
        private String type;
    }

}

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