Linux 服务治理两种形式service和systemctl,systemd是Linux零碎最新的初始化零碎(init),作用是进步零碎的启动速度，尽可能启动较少的过程，尽可能更多过程并发启动。systemd对应的过程治理命令是systemctl
chkconfig和systemctl命令比照
| 工作 |
旧指令 |
新指令 |
| 使某服务主动启动 |
chkconfig –level 3 httpd on |
systemctl enable httpd.service |
| 使某服务不主动启动 |
chkconfig –level 3 httpd off |
systemctl disable httpd.service |
| 查看服务状态 |
service httpd status |
systemctl status httpd.service （服务详细信息） systemctl is-active httpd.service （仅显示是否 Active) |
| 显示所有已启动的服务 |
chkconfig –list |
systemctl list-units –type=service |
| 启动服务 |
service httpd start |
systemctl start httpd.service |
| 进行服务 |
service httpd stop |
systemctl stop httpd.service |
| 重启服务 |
service httpd restart |
systemctl restart httpd.service |
| 重载服务 |
service httpd reload |
systemctl reload httpd.service |
实例
#进行cup电源治理服务
> systemctl stop cups.service
#禁止cups服务开机启动
> systemctl disable cups.service
#查看cups服务状态
> systemctl status cups.service
#从新设置cups服务开机启动
> systemctl enable cups.service
罕用的系统命令
| systemctl命令 |
阐明 |
| systemctl |
列出所有的零碎服务 |
| systemctl list-units |
列出所有启动unit |
| systemctl list-unit-files |
列出所有启动文件 |
| systemctl list-units –type=service –all |
列出所有service类型的unit |
| systemctl list-units –type=service –all grep cpu |
列出 cpu电源管理机制的服务 |
| systemctl list-units –type=target –all |
列出所有target |
| systemctl list-unit-files –type=socket |
列出所有可用零碎套接口 |
systemctl非凡的用法
| systemctl命令 |
阐明 |
| systemctl is-active [unit type] |
查看服务是否运行 |
| systemctl is-enable [unit type] |
查看服务是否设置为开机启动 |
| systemctl mask [unit type] |
登记指定服务 |
| systemctl unmask [unit type] |
勾销登记指定服务 |
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