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K8S 后端存储:NFS
大家都晓得,NFS 是一种基于网络的文件系统协定,容许在不同的机器之间共享文件系统资源。在 K8S 中,能够应用 NFS 作为后端存储,以提供长久化存储和共享存储卷。但是否适宜在生产环境应用 NFS 作为后端存储,这取决于具体的应用程序和应用场景。如果应用程序对性能和可靠性要求比拟高,可能须要抉择其余更适宜的存储计划,比方 ceph。如果只是在测试或者开发环境中,我感觉应用 NFS 能够更不便地实现共享存储卷,进步测试或者开发的效率。
搭建 NFS
# step1 装置 yum install nfs-utils -y
yum install nfs-utils -y
# step2 创立 NFS 共享目录
mkdir /data/nfs_k8s_storage_share
# step3 配置 NFS 共享,编辑 /etc/exports 文件,将要共享的目录增加到文件中
/data/nfs_k8s_storage_share *(rw,sync,no_root_squash) # 这将容许任何客户端以读写模式访问共享目录。# step4 从新加载 NFS 配置
exportfs -r
# step5 启动 NFS 服务
systemctl start nfs-server
systemctl enable nfs-server
# step6 确认 NFS 服务正在运行
systemctl status nfs-server
# step7 留神防火墙,能够敞开或增加容许策略
firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=nfs
firewall-cmd --reload
# step8 验证是否共享胜利
showmount -e 192.168.11.254
k8s 工作节点装置 nfs-utils
装置完即可,无需做任何配置
yum install nfs-utils -y
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具体在哪个工作节点装置得看在上面的 deployment.yaml 中拉起的 NFS 客户端配置程序 pod 跑在哪个节点上,能够让该 pod 调度到指定的节点,那么该节点就要装置好 nfs-utils。如果不干预调度行为,或者思考到后续要跑多个正本就能够将全副工作节点都装置好 nfs-utils。
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在 k8s master 节点上装置 nfs 动静供应插件
仓库:https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner
相干 yaml 下载链接:https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner/blob/master/deploy/rbac.yaml https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner/blob/master/deploy/deployment.yaml https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner/blob/master/deploy/class.yaml
- rbac.yaml:受权拜访 ApiServer
- deployment.yaml:部署插件,部署之前要批改外面的指向的 nfs 服务器地址和共享目录
- class.yaml:创立存储类
开始部署插件
- 部署 rbac.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: nfs-client-provisioner
# replace with namespace where provisioner is deployed
namespace: default
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: nfs-client-provisioner-runner
rules:
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["nodes"]
verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["persistentvolumes"]
verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "create", "delete"]
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["persistentvolumeclaims"]
verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "update"]
- apiGroups: ["storage.k8s.io"]
resources: ["storageclasses"]
verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["events"]
verbs: ["create", "update", "patch"]
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: run-nfs-client-provisioner
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: nfs-client-provisioner
# replace with namespace where provisioner is deployed
namespace: default
roleRef:
kind: ClusterRole
name: nfs-client-provisioner-runner
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
---
kind: Role
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: leader-locking-nfs-client-provisioner
# replace with namespace where provisioner is deployed
namespace: default
rules:
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["endpoints"]
verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "create", "update", "patch"]
---
kind: RoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: leader-locking-nfs-client-provisioner
# replace with namespace where provisioner is deployed
namespace: default
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: nfs-client-provisioner
# replace with namespace where provisioner is deployed
namespace: default
roleRef:
kind: Role
name: leader-locking-nfs-client-provisioner
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kubectl create -f rbac.yaml
- 部署 deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nfs-client-provisioner
labels:
app: nfs-client-provisioner
# replace with namespace where provisioner is deployed
namespace: default
spec:
replicas: 1
strategy:
type: Recreate
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nfs-client-provisioner
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nfs-client-provisioner
spec:
serviceAccountName: nfs-client-provisioner
containers:
- name: nfs-client-provisioner
image: tantianran/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner:v4.0.1 # 应用到镜像曾经转存到我的仓库
volumeMounts:
- name: nfs-client-root
mountPath: /persistentvolumes
env:
- name: PROVISIONER_NAME
value: k8s-sigs.io/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner
- name: NFS_SERVER
value: 192.168.11.254 #此处批改成 nfs 服务器的 ip 地址
- name: NFS_PATH
value: /data/nfs_k8s_storage_share # 此处批改成 nfs 的共享目录
volumes:
- name: nfs-client-root
nfs:
server: 192.168.11.254 #此处批改成 nfs 服务器的 ip 地址
path: /data/nfs_k8s_storage_share # 此处批改成 nfs 的共享目录
kubectl create -f deployment.yaml
- 创立存储类 class.yaml
apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1
kind: StorageClass
metadata:
name: nfs-client
provisioner: k8s-sigs.io/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner # or choose another name, must match deployment's env PROVISIONER_NAME'
parameters:
archiveOnDelete: "false"
kubectl create -f class.yaml
- 查看
# 查看受权
kubectl get sa
# 查看存储类
kubectl get sc
应用
- 创立一个 PVC
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
name: my-pvc
spec:
accessModes:
- ReadWriteOnce
resources:
requests:
storage: 5Gi
storageClassName: nfs-client
在这里,PVC 名称为 my-pvc,申请 5GB 的存储空间,并将存储类设置为 nfs-client
- 查看 pvc
# pvc 已创立
[root@k8s-a-master nfs-storage-yaml]# kubectl get pvc
NAME STATUS VOLUME CAPACITY ACCESS MODES STORAGECLASS AGE
my-pvc Bound pvc-ce18ae0a-d4b4-4fa9-8241-b8b9551baa61 5Gi RWO nfs-client 2m6s
# 对应的 pv 曾经主动创立
[root@k8s-a-master nfs-storage-yaml]# kubectl get pv
NAME CAPACITY ACCESS MODES RECLAIM POLICY STATUS CLAIM STORAGECLASS REASON AGE
pvc-ce18ae0a-d4b4-4fa9-8241-b8b9551baa61 5Gi RWO Delete Bound default/my-pvc nfs-client 2m7s
[root@k8s-a-master nfs-storage-yaml]#
- 创立一个利用 pod
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: test-nginx-pod
spec:
containers:
- name: test-nginx-container
image: nginx
volumeMounts:
- name: storage
mountPath: /data
volumes:
- name: storage
persistentVolumeClaim:
claimName: my-pvc
- 查看 pod 是否挂载胜利
[root@k8s-a-master nfs-storage-yaml]# kubectl exec -it test-nginx-pod -- df -h
... 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
192.168.11.254:/data/nfs_k8s_storage_share/default-my-pvc-pvc-ce18ae0a-d4b4-4fa9-8241-b8b9551baa61 500G 1.8G 499G 1% /data
...
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