关于k8s:华为云阿里云-不同云服务器部署KubernetesK8S

43次阅读

共计 9271 个字符，预计需要花费 24 分钟才能阅读完成。

前言

经验了一周的高强度部署，踩了有数的坑后终于搭起了华为云 + 阿里云的集群，非常感觉 @chen645800876 大佬的云服务器 - 异地部署集群服务这篇文章，能力比较顺利的部署，少踩了很多坑。这次记录是基于大佬文章上，缩小了一些我没有应用的步骤，也把我踩的坑记录一下，做一个备份也心愿能帮忙到其他人。

正式装置

  1. 调整内核参数 

    cat > k8s.conf <<EOF
#开启网桥模式
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
#开启转发
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
## 敞开 ipv6
net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6=1
EOF
cp k8s.conf /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf

  2. ipvs 前置条件筹备 

    # step1
modprobe br_netfilter

# step2
cat > /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules <<EOF
#!/bin/bash
modprobe -- ip_vs
modprobe -- ip_vs_rr
modprobe -- ip_vs_wrr
modprobe -- ip_vs_sh
modprobe -- nf_conntrack
EOF

# step3
chmod 755 /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && bash /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && lsmod | grep -e ip_vs -e nf_conntrack

    这个中央须要留神一下的是原文中模块 nf_conntrack_ipv4 曾经没有应用了，解决办法是上面链接提出的计划，这个中央十分重要，如果抛错的话，前面 ipvs 转发会有问题
    https://github.com/easzlab/ku…

  3. 敞开 swap 分区 

    swapoff -a

  4. Kubeadm、Kubelet、Kubectl 装置 

    # 增加源
cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/
#baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-aarch64/
#如果是处理器不是 amd 的话就须要用到另外一个版本 华为鲲鹏型的就是 aarch64 而阿里的是 x86_64
#这个还有个老手小坑，就是 docker 的镜像也跟处理器版本无关。x86_64 上打的包，aarch64 的 docker 就不能公布，如果遇到 pod 公布不胜利有可能是这个问题
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
repo_gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF

# 敞开 selinux
setenforce 0

# 装置 kubelet、kubeadm、kubectl
yum install -y kubelet kubeadm kubectl

# 设置为开机自启
systemctl enable kubelet

  5. 建设虚构网卡 

    # step1，留神替换你的公网 IP 进去
cat > /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0:1 <<EOF
BOOTPROTO=static
DEVICE=eth0:1
IPADDR= 你的公网 IP
PREFIX=32
TYPE=Ethernet
USERCTL=no
ONBOOT=yes
EOF
# step2 如果是 centos8，须要重启）（倡议间接换成 centos7，centos8 的网卡设置简单一些）# 华为云服务器在网卡设置上是默认了有 eth1-eth5 所以须要把默认的这些全副勾销 不然会抛错导致网卡无奈重启
systemctl restart network
# step3 查看新建的 IP 是否进去
ip addr

  6. 批改 kubelet 启动参数（重点，所有节点都要操作）

    # 此文件装置 kubeadm 后就存在了
vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service.d/10-kubeadm.conf

# 留神，这步很重要，如果不做，节点依然会应用内网 IP 注册进集群
# 在开端增加参数 --node-ip= 公网 IP

# Note: This dropin only works with kubeadm and kubelet v1.11+
[Service]
Environment="KUBELET_KUBECONFIG_ARGS=--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/bootstrap-kubelet.conf --kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.conf"
Environment="KUBELET_CONFIG_ARGS=--config=/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml"
# This is a file that "kubeadm init" and "kubeadm join" generates at runtime, populating the KUBELET_KUBEADM_ARGS variable dynamically
EnvironmentFile=-/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env
# This is a file that the user can use for overrides of the kubelet args as a last resort. Preferably, the user should use
# the .NodeRegistration.KubeletExtraArgs object in the configuration files instead. KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS should be sourced from this file.
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/sysconfig/kubelet
ExecStart=
ExecStart=/usr/bin/kubelet $KUBELET_KUBECONFIG_ARGS $KUBELET_CONFIG_ARGS $KUBELET_KUBEADM_ARGS $KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS --node-ip=xx.xx.xx.xx

  7. 应用 kubeadm 初始化主节点, 提供两个脚本能够下载和清理镜像 

    #! /bin/bash
images=(
 kube-apiserver:v1.21.1
 kube-controller-manager:v1.21.1
 kube-scheduler:v1.21.1
 kube-proxy:v1.21.1
 pause:3.4.1
 etcd:3.4.13-0
 #coredns/coredns 间接从 dockerhub 上下载
)
for imageName in ${images[@]} ; do
 docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/${imageName}
 docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/${imageName} k8s.gcr.io/${imageName}
 docker rmi registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/${imageName}
done

    #! /bin/bash

images=`docker images|grep k8s.gcr|awk '{print $3}'`
for image in ${images}
do
echo $image
docker rmi $image
done
    # step1 增加配置文件，留神替换上面的 IP
cat > kubeadm-config.yaml <<EOF
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta2
kind: ClusterConfiguration
kubernetesVersion: v1.21.1
apiServer:
  certSANs:    #填写所有 kube-apiserver 节点的 hostname、IP、VIP
  - master    #请替换为 hostname
  - xx.xx.xx.xx   #请替换为公网
  - yy.yy.yy.yy  #请替换为私网
  - 10.96.0.1   #不要替换，此 IP 是 API 的集群地址，局部服务会用到
controlPlaneEndpoint: xx.xx.xx.xx:6443 #替换为公网 IP
networking:
  podSubnet: 10.244.0.0/16
  serviceSubnet: 10.96.0.0/12
--- 将默认调度形式改为 ipvs
apiVersion: kubeproxy-config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
featureGates:
  SupportIPVSProxyMode: true
mode: ipvs
EOF

# step2 如果是 1 外围或者 1G 内存的请在开端增加参数（--ignore-preflight-errors=all），否则会初始化失败
# 同时留神，此步骤胜利后，会打印，两个重要信息
kubeadm init --config=kubeadm-config.yaml 

# 信息 1 下面初始化胜利后，将会生成 kubeconfig 文件，用于申请 api 服务器，请执行上面操作
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

# 信息 2 此信息用于前面工作节点退出主节点应用
kubeadm join xx.xx.xx.xx:6443 --token sdfs.dsfsdfsdfijdth \
 --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:sdfsdfsdfsdfsdfsdfsdfsdfg9a460f44b118050091245c1d

  1. 批改 kube-apiserver 参数（主节点）

    # 批改三个信息，增加 --bind-address 和批改 --advertise-address 和 feature-gates=RemoveSelfLink
vim /etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-apiserver.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
  annotations:
 kubeadm.kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver.advertise-address.endpoint: 47.74.22.13:6443
  creationTimestamp: null
  labels:
 component: kube-apiserver
 tier: control-plane
  name: kube-apiserver
  namespace: kube-system
spec:
  containers:
  - command:
 - kube-apiserver
 - --feature-gates=RemoveSelfLink=false  #如果波及到 NFS 挂载 StorageClass 须要减少这个参数 k8s 1.20 后就勾销了这个参数所以须要手动减少
#解决办法是来源于 https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/nfs-subdir-external-provisioner/issues/25
 - --advertise-address=47.74.22.13  #批改为公网 IP
 - --bind-address=0.0.0.0 #增加此参数
 - --allow-privileged=true
 - --authorization-mode=Node,RBAC
 - --client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/ca.crt
 - --enable-admission-plugins=NodeRestriction
 - --enable-bootstrap-token-auth=true
 - --etcd-cafile=/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.crt
 - --etcd-certfile=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-etcd-client.crt
 - --etcd-keyfile=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-etcd-client.key
 - --etcd-servers=https://127.0.0.1:2379
 - --insecure-port=0
 - --kubelet-client-certificate=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-kubelet-client.crt
 - --kubelet-client-key=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver-kubelet-client.key
 - --kubelet-preferred-address-types=InternalIP,ExternalIP,Hostname
 - --proxy-client-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client.crt
 - --proxy-client-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-client.key
 - --requestheader-allowed-names=front-proxy-client
 - --requestheader-client-ca-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/front-proxy-ca.crt
 - --requestheader-extra-headers-prefix=X-Remote-Extra-
 - --requestheader-group-headers=X-Remote-Group
 - --requestheader-username-headers=X-Remote-User
 - --secure-port=6443
 - --service-account-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/sa.pub
 - --service-cluster-ip-range=10.96.0.0/12
 - --tls-cert-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver.crt
 - --tls-private-key-file=/etc/kubernetes/pki/apiserver.key
 image: k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver:v1.18.0
 imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
 livenessProbe:
   failureThreshold: 8
   httpGet:
     host: 175.24.19.12
     path: /healthz
     port: 6443
     scheme: HTTPS
   initialDelaySeconds: 15
   timeoutSeconds: 15
 name: kube-apiserver
 resources:
   requests:
     cpu: 250m
 volumeMounts:
 - mountPath: /etc/ssl/certs
   name: ca-certs
   readOnly: true
 - mountPath: /etc/pki
   name: etc-pki
   readOnly: true
 - mountPath: /etc/kubernetes/pki
   name: k8s-certs
   readOnly: true
  hostNetwork: true
  priorityClassName: system-cluster-critical
  volumes:
  - hostPath:
   path: /etc/ssl/certs
   type: DirectoryOrCreate
 name: ca-certs
  - hostPath:
   path: /etc/pki
   type: DirectoryOrCreate
 name: etc-pki
  - hostPath:
   path: /etc/kubernetes/pki
   type: DirectoryOrCreate
 name: k8s-certs
status: {}

  2. 批改 flannel 文件并装置（主节点）

    wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flanne/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml


apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel-ds-amd64
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
 tier: node
 app: flannel
spec:
  selector:
 matchLabels:
   app: flannel
  template:
 metadata:
   labels:
     tier: node
     app: flannel
 spec:
   affinity:
     nodeAffinity:
       requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
         nodeSelectorTerms:
           - matchExpressions:
               - key: beta.kubernetes.io/os
                 operator: In
                 values:
                   - linux
               - key: beta.kubernetes.io/arch
                 operator: In
                 values:
                   - amd64
   hostNetwork: true
   tolerations:
   - operator: Exists
     effect: NoSchedule
   serviceAccountName: flannel
   initContainers:
   - name: install-cni
     image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-amd64
     command:
     - cp
     args:
     - -f
     - /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
     - /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
     volumeMounts:
     - name: cni
       mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
     - name: flannel-cfg
       mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
   containers:
   - name: kube-flannel
     image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-amd64
     command:
     - /opt/bin/flanneld
     args:
     - --ip-masq
     - --public-ip=$(PUBLIC_IP) # 增加此参数，申明公网 IP
     - --iface=eth0             # 增加此参数，绑定网卡
     - --kube-subnet-mgr
     resources:
       requests:
         cpu: "100m"
         memory: "50Mi"
       limits:
         cpu: "100m"
         memory: "50Mi"
     securityContext:
       privileged: false
       capabilities:
          add: ["NET_ADMIN"]
     env:
     - name: PUBLIC_IP     #增加环境变量
       valueFrom:          #
         fieldRef:          #
           fieldPath: status.podIP # 
     - name: POD_NAME
       valueFrom:
         fieldRef:
           fieldPath: metadata.name

  3. 手动开启配置，开启 ipvs 转发模式（主节点）

    # 后面都胜利了，然而有时候默认并不会启用 `IPVS` 模式，那就手动批改一下，只批改一处
# 批改后，如果没有及时失效，请删除 kube-proxy，会主动从新创立，而后应用 ipvsadm -Ln 命令，查看是否失效
# ipvsadm 没有装置的，应用 yum install ipvsadm 装置
kubectl edit configmaps -n kube-system kube-proxy

---
apiVersion: v1
data:
  config.conf: |-
 apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
 bindAddress: 0.0.0.0
 clientConnection:
   acceptContentTypes: ""
   burst: 0
   contentType: ""
   kubeconfig: /var/lib/kube-proxy/kubeconfig.conf
   qps: 0
 clusterCIDR: 10.244.0.0/16
 configSyncPeriod: 0s
 conntrack:
   maxPerCore: null
   min: null
   tcpCloseWaitTimeout: null
   tcpEstablishedTimeout: null
 detectLocalMode: ""
 enableProfiling: false
 healthzBindAddress: ""hostnameOverride:""
 iptables:
   masqueradeAll: false
   masqueradeBit: null
   minSyncPeriod: 0s
   syncPeriod: 0s
 ipvs:
   excludeCIDRs: null
   minSyncPeriod: 0s
   scheduler: ""
   strictARP: false
   syncPeriod: 0s
   tcpFinTimeout: 0s
   tcpTimeout: 0s
   udpTimeout: 0s
 kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
 metricsBindAddress: ""mode:"ipvs"  # 如果为空，请填入 `ipvs`
 nodePortAddresses: null
 oomScoreAdj: null
 portRange: ""showHiddenMetricsForVersion:""
 udpIdleTimeout: 0s
 winkernel:
   enableDSR: false
   networkName: ""

正文完
k8s
发表至： k8s
2021-05-21
 0
关于k8s:Kubernetes-笔记
Kubernetes-攻击矩阵
关于k8s:k8s使用clientgo调用遇到的问题
关于k8s:EIK收集日志