关于https:Linux系统之网络客户端工具

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@TOC

一、Links 工具

1.Links 工具介绍

Linux 有一款自带的文本互联网浏览器:links,能够浏览简略网页,及测试网络端口连通性。

2. 装置 Links 软件

通过 yum 装置 links 软件包。

[root@jeven ~]# yum -y install links
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
epel/x86_64/metalink                                                                                                                           | 6.6 kB  00:00:00     
 * base: mirrors.163.com
 * epel: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
 * extras: mirrors.163.com
 * updates: mirrors.163.com
base                                                                                                                                           | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
docker-ce-stable                                                                                                                               | 3.5 kB  00:00:00     
epel                                                                                                                                           | 4.7 kB  00:00:00     
extras                                                                                                                                         | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
updates                                                                                                                                        | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
(1/4): docker-ce-stable/7/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                                    |  93 kB  00:00:00     
(2/4): epel/x86_64/group_gz                                                                                                                    |  99 kB  00:00:01     
(3/4): epel/x86_64/updateinfo                                                                                                                  | 1.0 MB  00:00:00     
(4/4): epel/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                                                  | 7.0 MB  00:00:01     
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package links.x86_64 1:2.20.2-1.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

======================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                              Arch                                  Version                                         Repository                           Size
======================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 links                                x86_64                                1:2.20.2-1.el7                                  epel                                2.9 M

Transaction Summary
======================================================================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 2.9 M
Installed size: 4.4 M
Downloading packages:
links-2.20.2-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                  | 2.9 MB  00:00:01     
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : 1:links-2.20.2-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                        1/1 
  Verifying  : 1:links-2.20.2-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                        1/1 

Installed:
  links.x86_64 1:2.20.2-1.el7                                                                                                                                         

Complete!

3.Links 工具的应用

间接应用 links+ 网址浏览网页。

links https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/

  • 退出 links,按“q”, 抉择“yes”退出。

4. 打印网页源码输入

links -source 打印网页源码输入

[root@jeven tmp]# links -source  https://www.baidu.com/
<html>
<head>
    <script>
        location.replace(location.href.replace("https://","http://"));
    </script>
</head>
<body>
    <noscript><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="0;url=http://www.baidu.com/"></noscript>
</body>

5. 打印 url 版本到规范格局输入

links -dump 打印 url 版本到规范格局输入

[root@jeven tmp]# links -dump  https://www.baidu.com/
   Refresh: http://www.baidu.com/
[root@jeven tmp]# links -dump  https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/
   Link: canonical
   [IMG]
   开源镜像站
   收费体验 Linux 沙箱实验室 全副镜像 域名解析 DNS 网站授时 NTP 反馈与倡议
   阿里云镜像站 > centos 镜像配置页 > centos 镜像下载页 > 具体内容

                               Index of /centos/

   File Name                     File Size Date             
   Parent directory/             -         -                
   2/                            -         2010-05-07 01:48 
   2.1/                          -         2009-09-09 13:18 
   3/                            -         2010-05-07 01:48 
   3.1/                          -         2010-05-07 01:48 
   3.3/                          -         2010-05-07 01:48 
   3.4/                          -         2010-05-07 01:48 
   3.5/                          -         2010-05-07 01:48 
   3.6/                          -         2010-05-07 01:48 
   3.7/                          -         2010-05-07 01:48 
   3.8/                          -         2010-05-07 01:48 
   3.9/                          -         2011-03-03 07:44 
   4/                            -         2012-03-13 08:24 
   4.0/                          -         2005-07-19 05:11 
   4.1/                          -         2005-10-22 01:54 
   4.2/                          -         2006-11-04 20:43 
   4.3/                          -         2006-11-11 06:15 
   4.4/                          -         2007-07-08 02:21 
   4.5/                          -         2008-01-11 00:12 
   4.6/                          -         2009-03-31 19:55 
   4.7/                          -         2010-03-08 18:56 
   4.8/                          -         2012-03-13 08:14 
   4.9/                          -         2017-04-03 19:34 
   5/                            -         2017-04-03 19:35 
   5.0/                          -         2014-10-16 21:37 
   5.1/                          -         2014-10-16 21:37 
   5.10/                         -         2017-04-03 19:30 
   5.11/                         -         2017-04-03 19:34 
   5.2/                          -         2014-10-16 21:37 
   5.3/                          -         2014-10-16 21:37 
   5.4/                          -         2014-10-16 21:37 
   5.5/                          -         2014-10-16 21:37 
   5.6/                          -         2014-10-16 21:37 
   5.7/                          -         2014-10-16 21:37 
   5.8/                          -         2014-10-16 21:37 
   5.9/                          -         2014-10-16 21:38 
   6/                            -         2018-07-04 01:21 
   6.0/                          -         2014-10-16 21:42 
   6.1/                          -         2014-10-16 21:42 
   6.10/                         -         2020-12-02 17:00 
   6.2/                          -         2014-10-16 21:42 
   6.3/                          -         2014-10-16 21:42 
   6.4/                          -         2014-10-16 21:42 
   6.5/                          -         2015-01-05 22:33 
   6.6/                          -         2015-08-12 20:23 
   6.7/                          -         2016-06-02 00:09 
   6.8/                          -         2017-06-12 20:38 
   6.9/                          -         2018-07-25 23:42 
   7/                            -         2020-11-12 20:29 
   7.0.1406/                     -         2015-04-07 22:24 
   7.1.1503/                     -         2016-01-08 23:25 
   7.2.1511/                     -         2017-01-28 22:29 
   7.3.1611/                     -         2017-10-25 22:57 
   7.4.1708/                     -         2018-05-24 21:25 
   7.5.1804/                     -         2019-01-05 00:00 
   7.6.1810/                     -         2019-09-25 17:47 
   7.7.1908/                     -         2020-05-05 00:25 
   7.8.2003/                     -         2020-11-17 15:28 
   7.9.2009/                     -         2021-01-18 22:12 
   8/                            -         2021-11-16 20:47 
   8-stream/                     -         2023-01-19 19:49 
   8.0.1905/                     -         2020-10-21 15:52 
   8.1.1911/                     -         2020-10-21 15:53 
   8.2.2004/                     -         2020-12-22 23:27 
   8.3.2011/                     -         2021-09-08 14:57 
   8.4.2105/                     -         2021-11-17 15:29 
   8.5.2111/                     -         2021-12-22 08:53 
   HEADER.html                   1.2 KB    2014-09-30 03:27 
   HEADER.images/                -         2013-11-07 23:21 
   RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-3          1.8 KB    2004-03-16 07:16 
   RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-4          1.8 KB    2010-05-07 01:48 
   RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5          1.5 KB    2007-02-20 01:57 
   RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6          1.7 KB    2011-07-10 22:28 
   RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7          1.7 KB    2014-07-05 00:01 
   RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Debug-6    1.7 KB    2011-07-10 22:28 
   RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Debug-7    1004.0 B  2015-12-09 17:59 
   RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official   1.6 KB    2019-09-12 15:39 
   RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Security-6 1.7 KB    2011-07-10 22:28 
   RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-6  1.7 KB    2011-07-10 22:28 
   RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-7  1.7 KB    2015-12-09 17:59 
   RPM-GPG-KEY-beta              1.5 KB    2007-02-20 01:56 
   RPM-GPG-KEY-centos4           1.8 KB    2005-02-27 01:51 
   TIME                          11.0 B    2023-01-25 20:55 
   build/                        -         2005-06-12 20:56 
   dir_sizes                     1.1 KB    2023-01-25 20:10 
   dostools/                     -         2007-04-04 17:45 
   filelist.gz                   7.2 MB    2023-01-25 20:10 
   graphics/                     -         2014-06-12 19:59 
   timestamp.txt                 29.0 B    2023-01-25 20:55 

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二、wget 工具

1.wget 工具介绍

wget 是一个从网络上主动下载文件的自在工具,反对通过 HTTP、HTTPS、FTP 三个最常见的 TCP/IP 协定 下载,并能够应用 HTTP 代理。

2. 装置 wget 软件

通过 yum 装置 wget 工具

[root@jeven ~]# yum -y install wget 
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.163.com
 * epel: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
 * extras: mirrors.163.com
 * updates: mirrors.163.com
Package wget-1.14-18.el7_6.1.x86_64 already installed and latest version
Nothing to do

3.wget 工具的应用

-p # 指定下载目录,不指定默认下载到当前目录;-O # 指定批改目录并指定文件名。
[root@jeven ~]# wget -O runc.amd64 "https://obs-nas.obs.cn-south-1.myhuaweicloud.com:443/containerd/runc.amd64?AccessKeyId=8QZQXILP1SCWCCLMSGIH&Expires=1674746766&Signature=JcEuGg5I/PxdXi7hVT/6sHnvvek%3D"
--2023-01-25 23:26:43--  https://obs-nas.obs.cn-south-1.myhuaweicloud.com/containerd/runc.amd64?AccessKeyId=8QZQXILP1SCWCCLMSGIH&Expires=1674746766&Signature=JcEuGg5I/PxdXi7hVT/6sHnvvek%3D
Resolving obs-nas.obs.cn-south-1.myhuaweicloud.com (obs-nas.obs.cn-south-1.myhuaweicloud.com)... 121.37.63.16, 121.37.63.15, 121.37.63.14, ...
Connecting to obs-nas.obs.cn-south-1.myhuaweicloud.com (obs-nas.obs.cn-south-1.myhuaweicloud.com)|121.37.63.16|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 9415040 (9.0M) [binary/octet-stream]
Saving to:‘runc.amd64’100%[============================================================================================================================>] 9,415,040   6.58MB/s   in 1.4s   

2023-01-25 23:26:44 (6.58 MB/s) -‘runc.amd64’saved [9415040/9415040]

[root@jeven ~]# ll
total 9224
-rw-------.  1 root root    1753 Feb  2  2022 anaconda-ks.cfg
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root       6 Feb  2  2022 Desktop
drwx--x---. 14 root root     185 Jul 27 08:51 dockerdata
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root       6 Feb  2  2022 Documents
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root       6 Feb  2  2022 Downloads
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root   20009 Jul 26  2022 get-docker.sh
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root    1784 Feb  2  2022 initial-setup-ks.cfg
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root       6 Feb  2  2022 Music
drwxr-xr-x.  4 root root      29 Jan  9 14:05 mysql
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root       6 Feb  2  2022 Pictures
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root       6 Feb  2  2022 Public
drwxr-xr-x.  4 root root      76 Jul 27 09:14 rainbonddata
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 9415040 Dec 13 23:59 runc.amd64
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root       6 Feb  2  2022 Templates
drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root       6 Feb  2  2022 Videos
drwxr-xr-x.  4 root root      29 Jan  9 14:07 wiki
[root@jeven ~]# 

三、curl 工具

1.curl 工具的介绍

一个用 URL 语法传输数据的命令行工具和库,反对 DICT, FILE, FTP, FTPS, GOPHER, GOPHERS, HTTP, HTTPS, IMAP, IMAPS, LDAP, LDAPS, MQTT, POP3, POP3S, RTMP, RTMPS, RTSP, SCP、SFTP、SMB、SMBS、SMTP、SMTPS、TELNET、TFTP、WS 和 WSS。libcurl 提供了有数弱小的性能。

2.curl 的罕用参数

-o    指定新的本地文件名
-O    保留近程文件的原始名
-u    通过服务端配置的用户名和明码受权拜访
-I    打印 HTTP 响应头信息
-u    指定登录账户明码信息
-A    设置用户代理标头信息
-b    设置用户 cookie 信息
-C    反对断点续传
-s    静默模式,不输入任何信息
-T    上传文件 

3.curl 的根本应用

下载文件的根本应用。

[root@jeven tmp]# curl  -o runc.amd64 "https://obs-nas.obs.cn-south-1.myhuaweicloud.com:443/containerd/runc.amd64?AccessKeyId=8QZQXILP1SCWCCLMSGIH&Expires=1674746766&Signature=JcEuGg5I/PxdXi7hVT/6sHnvvek%3D"
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100 9194k  100 9194k    0     0  4604k      0  0:00:01  0:00:01 --:--:-- 4604k
[root@jeven tmp]# ll
total 9196
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 9415040 Jan 25 23:39 runc.amd64

四、scp 工具

1.scp 工具介绍

平安拷贝(secure copy,简称 scp),一种传送命令,是用来进行近程文件拷贝的。数据传输应用 ssh,并且和 ssh 应用雷同的认证形式,提供雷同的平安保障

2.scp 工具的根本应用

  • 将本地目录近程拷贝到近程服务器
[root@jeven tmp]# scp -r /tmp  root@192.168.3.158:/test/
root@192.168.3.158's password: 
runc.amd64                                                                                                                          100% 9194KB   4.5MB/s   00:01    
[root@jeven tmp]# 
  • 将近程服务器目录拷贝到本地
scp -r root@192.168.3.158:/etc/ /tmp

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