关于后端:SpringBoot-Vue-搭建前后端分离的博客项目系统SpringBoot-部分

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SpringBoot + Vue 搭建前后端拆散的博客我的项目零碎

一:简略介绍

性能纲要

博客我的项目零碎的根本增删改查

学习目标

搭建前后端拆散我的项目的骨架

二:Java 后端接口开发

1、前言

  • 从零开始搭建一个我的项目骨架,最好抉择适合、相熟的技术,并且在将来易拓展,适宜微服务化体系等。所以个别以 SpringBoot 作为咱们的框架根底。
  • 而后数据层,咱们罕用的是 Mybatis,易上手,不便保护。然而单表操作比拟艰难,特地是增加字段或缩小字段的时候,比拟繁琐,所以这里我举荐应用 Mybatis Plus,为简化开发而生,只需简略配置,即可疾速进行 CRUD 操作,从而节俭大量工夫。
  • 作为一个我的项目骨架,权限也是咱们不能疏忽的,Shiro 配置简略,应用也简略,所以应用 Shiro 作为咱们的的权限。
  • 思考到我的项目可能须要部署多台,这时候咱们的会话等信息须要共享,Redis 是当初支流的缓存中间件,也适宜咱们的我的项目。
  • 因为前后端拆散,所以咱们应用 Jwt 作为咱们用户身份凭证。

2、技术栈

  • SpringBoot
  • Mybatis Plus
  • Shiro
  • Lombok
  • Redis
  • Hibernate Validatior
  • Jwt

3、新建 SpringBoot 我的项目

pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.0</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.pony</groupId>
    <artifactId>springboot_blog</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>springboot_blog</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 我的项目的热加载重启插件 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <!--mysql-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 化代码的工具 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--mybatis plus-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--mybatis plus 代码生成器 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-plus-generator</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--freemarker-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-freemarker</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <excludes>
                        <exclude>
                            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                        </exclude>
                    </excludes>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>
application.yml
# DataSource Config
spring:
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springboot_blog?useUnicode=true&useSSL=false&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
    username: root
    password: password
mybatis-plus:
  mapper-locations: classpath*:/mapper/**Mapper.xml
开启 mapper 接口扫描,增加分页插件
package com.pony.config;

import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.plugins.PaginationInterceptor;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;

/**
 * @author malf
 * @description 通过 @MapperScan 注解指定要变成实现类的接口所在的包,而后包上面的所有接口在编译之后都会生成相应的实现类。* PaginationInterceptor 是一个分页插件。* @date 2021/5/22
 * @project springboot_blog
 */
@Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
@MapperScan("com.pony.mapper")
public class MybatisPlusConfig {

    @Bean
    public PaginationInterceptor paginationInterceptor() {PaginationInterceptor paginationInterceptor = new PaginationInterceptor();
        return paginationInterceptor;
    }

}
代码生成(间接依据数据库表信息生成 entity、service、mapper 等接口和实现类)
  • 创立 Mysql 数据库表

    CREATE TABLE `pony_user` (`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
    `username` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL,
    `avatar` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
    `email` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL,
    `password` varchar(64) DEFAULT NULL,
    `status` int(5) NOT NULL,
    `created` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
    `last_login` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
    KEY `UK_USERNAME` (`username`) USING BTREE
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
    CREATE TABLE `pony_blog` (`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
    `user_id` bigint(20) NOT NULL,
    `title` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
    `description` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
    `content` longtext,
    `created` datetime NOT NULL ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
    `status` tinyint(4) DEFAULT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=11 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;
    INSERT INTO `springboot_blog`.`pony_user` (`id`, `username`, `avatar`, `email`, `password`, `status`, `created`, `last_login`) VALUES ('1', 'pony', 'https://image-1300566513.cos.ap-guangzhou.myqcloud.com/upload/images/5a9f48118166308daba8b6da7e466aab.jpg', NULL, '96e79218965eb72c92a549dd5a330112', '0', '2021-05-20 10:44:01', NULL);
  • 代码生成器:CodeGenerator

    package com.pony;
    
    import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.exceptions.MybatisPlusException;
    import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.toolkit.StringPool;
    import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.toolkit.StringUtils;
    import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.generator.AutoGenerator;
    import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.generator.InjectionConfig;
    import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.generator.config.*;
    import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.generator.config.po.TableInfo;
    import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.generator.config.rules.NamingStrategy;
    import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.generator.engine.FreemarkerTemplateEngine;
    
    import java.util.ArrayList;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Scanner;
    
    /**
     * @author malf
     * @description 执行 main 办法,在控制台输出模块表名回车主动生成对应我的项目目录
     * @date 2021/5/22
     * @project springboot_blog
     */
    public class CodeGenerator {
      /**
       * 读取控制台内容
       */
      public static String scanner(String tip) {Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
          StringBuilder help = new StringBuilder();
          help.append("请输出" + tip + ":");
          System.out.println(help.toString());
          if (scanner.hasNext()) {String ipt = scanner.next();
              if (StringUtils.isNotEmpty(ipt)) {return ipt;}
          }
          throw new MybatisPlusException("请输出正确的" + tip + "!");
      }
    
      public static void main(String[] args) {
          // 代码生成器
          AutoGenerator mpg = new AutoGenerator();
          // 全局配置
          GlobalConfig gc = new GlobalConfig();
          String projectPath = System.getProperty("user.dir");
          gc.setOutputDir(projectPath + "/src/main/java");
          gc.setAuthor("pony");
          gc.setOpen(false);
          // gc.setSwagger2(true); 实体属性 Swagger2 注解
          gc.setServiceName("%sService");
          mpg.setGlobalConfig(gc);
    
          // 数据源配置
          DataSourceConfig dsc = new DataSourceConfig();
          dsc.setUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springboot_blog?useUnicode=true&useSSL=false&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=UTC");
          dsc.setDriverName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
          dsc.setUsername("root");
          dsc.setPassword("password");
          mpg.setDataSource(dsc);
    
          // 包配置
          PackageConfig pc = new PackageConfig();
          pc.setModuleName(null);
          pc.setParent("com.pony");
          mpg.setPackageInfo(pc);
    
          // 自定义配置
          InjectionConfig cfg = new InjectionConfig() {
              @Override
              public void initMap() {}
          };
    
          // 如果模板引擎是 freemarker
          String templatePath = "/templates/mapper.xml.ftl";
          // 如果模板引擎是 velocity
          // String templatePath = "/templates/mapper.xml.vm";
    
          // 自定义输入配置
          List<FileOutConfig> focList = new ArrayList<>();
          // 自定义配置会被优先输入
          focList.add(new FileOutConfig(templatePath) {
              @Override
              public String outputFile(TableInfo tableInfo) {
                  // 自定义输入文件名,如果 Entity 设置了前后缀,此处留神 xml 的名称会跟着发生变化
                  return projectPath + "/src/main/resources/mapper/"
                          + "/" + tableInfo.getEntityName() + "Mapper" + StringPool.DOT_XML;}
          });
    
          cfg.setFileOutConfigList(focList);
          mpg.setCfg(cfg);
    
          // 配置模板
          TemplateConfig templateConfig = new TemplateConfig();
          templateConfig.setXml(null);
          mpg.setTemplate(templateConfig);
    
          // 策略配置
          StrategyConfig strategy = new StrategyConfig();
          strategy.setNaming(NamingStrategy.underline_to_camel);
          strategy.setColumnNaming(NamingStrategy.underline_to_camel);
          strategy.setEntityLombokModel(true);
          strategy.setRestControllerStyle(true);
          strategy.setInclude(scanner("表名,多个英文逗号宰割").split(","));
          strategy.setControllerMappingHyphenStyle(true);
          strategy.setTablePrefix("pony_");
          mpg.setStrategy(strategy);
          mpg.setTemplateEngine(new FreemarkerTemplateEngine());
          mpg.execute();}
    
    }
  • 执行 main 办法,输出 pony_user, pony_blog 后回车即可,代码目录构造如下:
  • 测试以后步骤正确及数据库连贯失常

    package com.pony.controller;
    
    import com.pony.service.UserService;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
    
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    
    /**
     * <p>
     * 前端控制器
     * </p>
     *
     * @author pony
     * @since 2021-05-22
     */
    @RestController
    @RequestMapping("/user")
    public class UserController {
    
      @Resource
      UserService userService;
    
      @GetMapping("/{id}")
      public Object test(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {return userService.getById(id);
      }
    
    }
  • 运行我的项目,拜访地址 http://localhost:8080/user/1

    4、对立后果封装

    package com.pony.common;
    
    import lombok.Data;
    
    import java.io.Serializable;
    
    /**
     * @author malf
     * @description 用于异步对立返回的后果封装。* @date 2021/5/22
     * @project springboot_blog
     */
    @Data
    public class Result implements Serializable {
    
      private String code;    // 是否胜利
      private String message; // 后果音讯
      private Object data;    // 后果数据
    
      public static Result success(Object data) {Result result = new Result();
          result.setCode("0");
          result.setData(data);
          result.setMessage("操作胜利");
          return result;
      }
    
      public static Result success(String message, Object data) {Result result = new Result();
          result.setCode("0");
          result.setData(data);
          result.setMessage(message);
          return result;
      }
    
      public static Result fail(String message) {Result result = new Result();
          result.setCode("-1");
          result.setData(null);
          result.setMessage(message);
          return result;
      }
    
      public static Result fail(String message, Object data) {Result result = new Result();
          result.setCode("-1");
          result.setData(data);
          result.setMessage(message);
          return result;
      }
      
    }

    5、整合 Shiro + Jwt,并会话共享

    思考到前面可能须要做集群、负载平衡等,所以就须要会话共享,而 Shiro 的缓存和会话信息,咱们个别思考应用 Redis 来存储数据,所以,咱们不仅须要整合 Shiro,也须要整合 Redis。

    引入 shiro-redis 和 jwt 依赖,为了简化开发,同时引入 hutool 工具包。
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.crazycake</groupId>
        <artifactId>shiro-redis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>3.2.1</version>
      </dependency>
      <!-- hutool 工具类 -->
      <dependency>
        <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
        <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
        <version>5.3.3</version>
      </dependency>
      <!-- jwt -->
      <dependency>
        <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
        <artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
        <version>0.9.1</version>
      </dependency>
    编写 Shiro 配置类
  • 第一步:生成和校验 jwt 的工具类,其中有些 jwt 相干的密钥信息是从我的项目配置文件中配置的

    package com.pony.util;
    
    import io.jsonwebtoken.Claims;
    import io.jsonwebtoken.Jwts;
    import io.jsonwebtoken.SignatureAlgorithm;
    import lombok.Data;
    import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
    import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    import java.util.Date;
    
    /**
     * @author malf
     * @description
     * @date 2021/5/22
     * @project springboot_blog
     */
    @Slf4j
    @Data
    @Component
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "pony.jwt")
    public class JwtUtils {
    
      private String secret;
      private long expire;
      private String header;
    
      /**
       * 生成 jwt token
       */
      public String generateToken(long userId) {Date nowDate = new Date();
          // 过期工夫
          Date expireDate = new Date(nowDate.getTime() + expire * 1000);
          return Jwts.builder()
                  .setHeaderParam("typ", "JWT")
                  .setSubject(userId + "")
                  .setIssuedAt(nowDate)
                  .setExpiration(expireDate)
                  .signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS512, secret)
                  .compact();}
    
      public Claims getClaimByToken(String token) {
          try {return Jwts.parser().setSigningKey(secret).parseClaimsJws(token).getBody();} catch (Exception e) {log.debug("validate is token error", e);
              return null;
          }
      }
    
      /**
       * token 是否过期
       *
       * @return true:过期
       */
      public boolean isTokenExpired(Date expiration) {return expiration.before(new Date());
      }
    
    }
  • 第二步:自定义一个 JwtToken,来实现 shiro 的 supports 办法

    package com.pony.shiro;
    
    import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
    
    /**
     * @author malf
     * @description shiro 默认 supports 的是 UsernamePasswordToken,咱们当初采纳了 jwt 的形式,* 所以这里自定义一个 JwtToken,来实现 shiro 的 supports 办法。* @date 2021/5/22
     * @project springboot_blog
     */
    public class JwtToken implements AuthenticationToken {
    
      private String token;
    
      public JwtToken(String token) {this.token = token;}
    
      @Override
      public Object getPrincipal() {return token;}
    
      @Override
      public Object getCredentials() {return token;}
    
    }
  • 第三步:登录胜利之后返回的一个用户信息的载体

    package com.pony.shiro;
    
    import lombok.Data;
    
    import java.io.Serializable;
    
    /**
     * @author malf
     * @description 登录胜利之后返回的一个用户信息的载体
     * @date 2021/5/22
     * @project springboot_blog
     */
    @Data
    public class AccountProfile implements Serializable {
    
      private Long id;
      private String username;
      private String avatar;
    
    }
  • 第四步:shiro 进行登录或者权限校验的逻辑所在

    package com.pony.shiro;
    
    import cn.hutool.core.bean.BeanUtil;
    import com.pony.entity.User;
    import com.pony.service.UserService;
    import com.pony.util.JwtUtils;
    import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
    import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
    import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
    import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
    import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    
    /**
     * @author malf
     * @description shiro 进行登录或者权限校验的逻辑所在
     * @date 2021/5/22
     * @project springboot_blog
     */
    @Slf4j
    @Component
    public class AccountRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
    
      @Resource
      JwtUtils jwtUtils;
      @Resource
      UserService userService;
    
      @Override
      public boolean supports(AuthenticationToken token) {return token instanceof JwtToken;}
    
      @Override
      protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principals) {return null;}
    
      @Override
      protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException {JwtToken jwt = (JwtToken) token;
          log.info("jwt----------------->{}", jwt);
          String userId = jwtUtils.getClaimByToken((String) jwt.getPrincipal()).getSubject();
          User user = userService.getById(Long.parseLong(userId));
          if (user == null) {throw new UnknownAccountException("账户不存在!");
          }
          if (user.getStatus() == -1) {throw new LockedAccountException("账户已被锁定!");
          }
          AccountProfile profile = new AccountProfile();
          BeanUtil.copyProperties(user, profile);
          log.info("profile----------------->{}", profile.toString());
          return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(profile, jwt.getCredentials(), getName());
      }
    
    }
    • supports:为了让 realm 反对 jwt 的凭证校验
    • doGetAuthorizationInfo:权限校验
    • doGetAuthenticationInfo:登录认证校验,通过 jwt 获取到用户信息,判断用户的状态,最初异样就抛出对应的异样信息,否者封装成 SimpleAuthenticationInfo 返回给 shiro。
  • 第五步:定义 jwt 的过滤器 JwtFilter

    package com.pony.shiro;
    
    import cn.hutool.json.JSONUtil;
    import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.toolkit.StringUtils;
    import com.pony.common.Result;
    import com.pony.util.JwtUtils;
    import io.jsonwebtoken.Claims;
    import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
    import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
    import org.apache.shiro.authc.ExpiredCredentialsException;
    import org.apache.shiro.web.filter.authc.AuthenticatingFilter;
    import org.apache.shiro.web.util.WebUtils;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
    
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    import java.io.IOException;
    
    /**
     * @author malf
     * @description 定义 jwt 的过滤器 JwtFilter。* @date 2021/5/22
     * @project springboot_blog
     */
    @Component
    public class JwtFilter extends AuthenticatingFilter {
      @Resource
      JwtUtils jwtUtils;
    
      @Override
      protected AuthenticationToken createToken(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse) throws Exception {
          // 获取 token
          HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest;
          String jwt = request.getHeader("Authorization");
          if (StringUtils.isEmpty(jwt)) {return null;}
          return new JwtToken(jwt);
      }
    
      @Override
      protected boolean onAccessDenied(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse) throws Exception {HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest;
          String token = request.getHeader("Authorization");
          if (StringUtils.isEmpty(token)) {return true;} else {
              // 判断是否已过期
              Claims claim = jwtUtils.getClaimByToken(token);
              if (claim == null || jwtUtils.isTokenExpired(claim.getExpiration())) {throw new ExpiredCredentialsException("token 已生效,请从新登录!");
              }
          }
          // 执行主动登录
          return executeLogin(servletRequest, servletResponse);
      }
    
      @Override
      protected boolean onLoginFailure(AuthenticationToken token, AuthenticationException e, ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response) {HttpServletResponse httpResponse = (HttpServletResponse) response;
          try {
              // 解决登录失败的异样
              Throwable throwable = e.getCause() == null ? e : e.getCause();
              Result r = Result.fail(throwable.getMessage());
              String json = JSONUtil.toJsonStr(r);
              httpResponse.getWriter().print(json);
          } catch (IOException e1) { }
          return false;
      }
    
      /**
       * 对跨域提供反对
       */
      @Override
      protected boolean preHandle(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response) throws Exception {HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest = WebUtils.toHttp(request);
          HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse = WebUtils.toHttp(response);
          httpServletResponse.setHeader("Access-control-Allow-Origin", httpServletRequest.getHeader("Origin"));
          httpServletResponse.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "GET,POST,OPTIONS,PUT,DELETE");
          httpServletResponse.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", httpServletRequest.getHeader("Access-Control-Request-Headers"));
          // 跨域时会首先发送一个 OPTIONS 申请,这里咱们给 OPTIONS 申请间接返回失常状态
          if (httpServletRequest.getMethod().equals(RequestMethod.OPTIONS.name())) {httpServletResponse.setStatus(org.springframework.http.HttpStatus.OK.value());
              return false;
          }
          return super.preHandle(request, response);
      }
      
    }
    • createToken:实现登录,咱们须要生成咱们自定义反对的 JwtToken
    • onAccessDenied:拦挡校验,当头部没有 Authorization 时候,咱们间接通过,不须要主动登录;当带有的时候,首先咱们校验 jwt 的有效性,没问题咱们就间接执行 executeLogin 办法实现主动登录
    • onLoginFailure:登录异样时候进入的办法,咱们间接把异样信息封装而后抛出
    • preHandle:拦截器的前置拦挡,因为是前后端剖析我的项目,我的项目中除了须要跨域全局配置之外,在拦截器中也须要提供跨域反对。这样,拦截器才不会在进入 Controller 之前就被限度了
  • 第六步:Shiro 配置类

    package com.pony.config;
    
    import com.pony.shiro.AccountRealm;
    import com.pony.shiro.JwtFilter;
    import org.apache.shiro.mgt.DefaultSessionStorageEvaluator;
    import org.apache.shiro.mgt.DefaultSubjectDAO;
    import org.apache.shiro.mgt.SecurityManager;
    import org.apache.shiro.session.mgt.SessionManager;
    import org.apache.shiro.spring.security.interceptor.AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor;
    import org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean;
    import org.apache.shiro.spring.web.config.DefaultShiroFilterChainDefinition;
    import org.apache.shiro.spring.web.config.ShiroFilterChainDefinition;
    import org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager;
    import org.apache.shiro.web.session.mgt.DefaultWebSessionManager;
    import org.crazycake.shiro.RedisCacheManager;
    import org.crazycake.shiro.RedisSessionDAO;
    import org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    import javax.servlet.Filter;
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
    import java.util.Map;
    
    /**
     * @author malf
     * @description shiro 启用注解拦挡控制器
     * @date 2021/5/22
     * @project springboot_blog
     */
    @Configuration
    public class ShiroConfig {
    
      @Resource
      JwtFilter jwtFilter;
    
      @Bean
      public SessionManager sessionManager(RedisSessionDAO redisSessionDAO) {DefaultWebSessionManager sessionManager = new DefaultWebSessionManager();
          sessionManager.setSessionDAO(redisSessionDAO);
          return sessionManager;
      }
    
      @Bean
      public DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager(AccountRealm accountRealm, SessionManager sessionManager,
                                                       RedisCacheManager redisCacheManager) {DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager(accountRealm);
          securityManager.setSessionManager(sessionManager);
          securityManager.setCacheManager(redisCacheManager);
          /*
           * 敞开 shiro 自带的 session,详情见文档
           */
          DefaultSubjectDAO subjectDAO = new DefaultSubjectDAO();
          DefaultSessionStorageEvaluator defaultSessionStorageEvaluator = new DefaultSessionStorageEvaluator();
          defaultSessionStorageEvaluator.setSessionStorageEnabled(false);
          subjectDAO.setSessionStorageEvaluator(defaultSessionStorageEvaluator);
          securityManager.setSubjectDAO(subjectDAO);
          return securityManager;
      }
    
      @Bean
      public ShiroFilterChainDefinition shiroFilterChainDefinition() {DefaultShiroFilterChainDefinition chainDefinition = new DefaultShiroFilterChainDefinition();
          Map<String, String> filterMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
          filterMap.put("/**", "jwt"); // 次要通过注解形式校验权限
          chainDefinition.addPathDefinitions(filterMap);
          return chainDefinition;
      }
    
      @Bean("shiroFilterFactoryBean")
      public ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean(SecurityManager securityManager,
                                                           ShiroFilterChainDefinition shiroFilterChainDefinition) {ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilter = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
          shiroFilter.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
          Map<String, Filter> filters = new HashMap<>();
          filters.put("jwt", jwtFilter);
          shiroFilter.setFilters(filters);
          Map<String, String> filterMap = shiroFilterChainDefinition.getFilterChainMap();
          shiroFilter.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterMap);
          return shiroFilter;
      }
    
      // 开启注解代理(默认如同曾经开启,能够不要)@Bean
      public AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor(SecurityManager securityManager) {AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor = new AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor();
          authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
          return authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor;
      }
    
      @Bean
      public static DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator getDefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator() {DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator creator = new DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator();
          return creator;
      }
    
    }
    • 引入 RedisSessionDAO 和 RedisCacheManager,为了解决 shiro 的权限数据和会话信息能保留到 redis 中,实现会话共享。
    • 重写了 SessionManager 和 DefaultWebSecurityManager,同时在 DefaultWebSecurityManager 中为了敞开 shiro 自带的 session 形式,咱们须要设置为 false,这样用户就不再能通过 session 形式登录 shiro。前面将采纳 jwt 凭证登录。
    • 在 ShiroFilterChainDefinition 中,咱们不再通过编码模式拦挡 Controller 拜访门路,而是所有的路由都须要通过 JwtFilter 这个过滤器,而后判断申请头中是否含有 jwt 的信息,有就登录,没有就跳过。跳过之后,有 Controller 中的 shiro 注解进行再次拦挡,比方 @RequiresAuthentication,这样管制权限拜访。
  • 第七步:配置文件

    shiro-redis:
    enabled: true
    redis-manager:
      host: 127.0.0.1:6379
    pony:
    jwt:
      # 加密秘钥
      secret: f4e2e52034348f86b67cde581c0f9eb5
      # token 无效时长,7 天,单位秒
      expire: 604800
      header: token
  • 第八步:热部署配置(如果增加了 devtools 依赖)
    resources/META-INF/spring-devtools.properties

    restart.include.shiro-redis=/shiro-[\\w-\\.]+jar

    目前为止,shiro 就曾经实现整合进来了,并且应用了 jwt 进行身份校验。

6、异样解决

package com.pony;

import com.pony.common.Result;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.shiro.ShiroException;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
import org.springframework.validation.ObjectError;
import org.springframework.web.bind.MethodArgumentNotValidException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseStatus;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestControllerAdvice;

import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * @author malf
 * @description 全局异样解决
 * @ControllerAdvice 示意定义全局控制器异样解决,@ExceptionHandler 示意针对性异样解决,可对每种异样针对性解决。* @date 2021/5/22
 * @project springboot_blog
 */
@Slf4j
@RestControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {
    
    // 捕获 shiro 的异样
    @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED)
    @ExceptionHandler(ShiroException.class)
    public Result handle401(ShiroException e) {return Result.fail("401", e.getMessage(), null);
    }

    /**
     * 解决 Assert 的异样
     */
    @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST)
    @ExceptionHandler(value = IllegalArgumentException.class)
    public Result handler(IllegalArgumentException e) throws IOException {log.error("Assert 异样:-------------->{}", e.getMessage());
        return Result.fail(e.getMessage());
    }

    /**
     * 校验谬误异样解决
     */
    @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST)
    @ExceptionHandler(value = MethodArgumentNotValidException.class)
    public Result handler(MethodArgumentNotValidException e) throws IOException {log.error("运行时异样:-------------->", e);
        BindingResult bindingResult = e.getBindingResult();
        ObjectError objectError = bindingResult.getAllErrors().stream().findFirst().get();
        return Result.fail(objectError.getDefaultMessage());
    }

    @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST)
    @ExceptionHandler(value = RuntimeException.class)
    public Result handler(RuntimeException e) throws IOException {log.error("运行时异样:-------------->", e);
        return Result.fail(e.getMessage());
    }

}
  • ShiroException:shiro 抛出的异样,比方没有权限,用户登录异样
  • IllegalArgumentException:解决 Assert 的异样
  • MethodArgumentNotValidException:解决实体校验的异样
  • RuntimeException:捕获其余异样

    7、实体校验

    1、表单数据提交的时候,前端的校验能够应用一些相似于 jQuery Validate 等 js 插件实现,而后端能够应用 Hibernate validatior 来做校验。

      @NotBlank(message = "昵称不能为空")
      private String username;
    
      private String avatar;
    
      @NotBlank(message = "邮箱不能为空")
      @Email(message = "邮箱格局不正确")
      private String email;

    2、@Validated 注解校验实体

    /**
     * 测试实体校验
     * @param user
     * @return
     */
    @PostMapping("/save")
    public Object testUser(@Validated @RequestBody User user) {return user.toString();
    }

    8、跨域问题

    package com.pony.config;
    
    import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
    import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.CorsRegistry;
    import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;
    
    /**
     * @author malf
     * @description 全局跨域解决
     * @date 2021/5/22
     * @project springboot_blog
     */
    @Configuration
    public class CorsConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
    
      @Override
      public void addCorsMappings(CorsRegistry registry) {registry.addMapping("/**")
                  .allowedOriginPatterns("*")
                  .allowedMethods("GET", "HEAD", "POST", "PUT", "DELETE", "OPTIONS")
                  .allowCredentials(true)
                  .maxAge(3600)
                  .allowedHeaders("*");
      }
    
    }

    9、登录接口开发

  • 登录账号密码实体

    package com.pony.common;
    
    import lombok.Data;
    
    import javax.validation.constraints.NotBlank;
    
    /**
     * @author malf
     * @description
     * @date 2021/5/22
     * @project springboot_blog
     */
    @Data
    public class LoginDto {@NotBlank(message = "昵称不能为空")
      private String username;
    
      @NotBlank(message = "明码不能为空")
      private String password;
    
    }
  • 登录退出入口

    package com.pony.controller;
    
    import cn.hutool.core.lang.Assert;
    import cn.hutool.core.map.MapUtil;
    import cn.hutool.crypto.SecureUtil;
    import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.conditions.query.QueryWrapper;
    import com.pony.common.LoginDto;
    import com.pony.common.Result;
    import com.pony.entity.User;
    import com.pony.service.UserService;
    import com.pony.util.JwtUtils;
    import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
    import org.apache.shiro.authz.annotation.RequiresAuthentication;
    import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.CrossOrigin;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
    
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    
    /**
     * @author malf
     * @description 登录接口
     * 承受账号密码,而后把用户的 id 生成 jwt,返回给前段,为了后续的 jwt 的延期,把 jwt 放在 header 上
     * @date 2021/5/22
     * @project springboot_blog
     */
    public class AccountController {
    
      @Resource
      JwtUtils jwtUtils;
      @Resource
      UserService userService;
    
      /**
       * 默认账号密码:pony / 111111
       */
      @CrossOrigin
      @PostMapping("/login")
      public Result login(@Validated @RequestBody LoginDto loginDto, HttpServletResponse response) {User user = userService.getOne(new QueryWrapper<User>().eq("username", loginDto.getUsername()));
          Assert.notNull(user, "用户不存在");
          if (!user.getPassword().equals(SecureUtil.md5(loginDto.getPassword()))) {return Result.fail("明码谬误!");
          }
          String jwt = jwtUtils.generateToken(user.getId());
          response.setHeader("Authorization", jwt);
          response.setHeader("Access-Control-Expose-Headers", "Authorization");
          // 用户能够另一个接口
          return Result.success(MapUtil.builder()
                  .put("id", user.getId())
                  .put("username", user.getUsername())
                  .put("avatar", user.getAvatar())
                  .put("email", user.getEmail())
                  .map());
      }
    
      // 退出
      @GetMapping("/logout")
      @RequiresAuthentication
      public Result logout() {SecurityUtils.getSubject().logout();
          return Result.success(null);
      }
    
    }
    登录接口测试

    10、博客接口开发

  • ShiroUtils

    package com.pony.util;
    
    import com.pony.shiro.AccountProfile;
    import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
    
    /**
     * @author malf
     * @description
     * @date 2021/5/22
     * @project springboot_blog
     */
    public class ShiroUtils {public static AccountProfile getProfile() {return (AccountProfile) SecurityUtils.getSubject().getPrincipal();
      }
    
    }
  • 博客操作入口

    package com.pony.controller;
    
    import cn.hutool.core.bean.BeanUtil;
    import cn.hutool.core.lang.Assert;
    import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.conditions.query.QueryWrapper;
    import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.metadata.IPage;
    import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.extension.plugins.pagination.Page;
    import com.pony.common.Result;
    import com.pony.entity.Blog;
    import com.pony.service.BlogService;
    import com.pony.util.ShiroUtils;
    import org.apache.shiro.authz.annotation.RequiresAuthentication;
    import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated;
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
    
    import javax.annotation.Resource;
    import java.time.LocalDateTime;
    
    /**
     * <p>
     * 前端控制器
     * </p>
     *
     * @author pony
     * @since 2021-05-22
     */
    @RestController
    public class BlogController {
    
      @Resource
      BlogService blogService;
    
      @GetMapping("/blogs")
      public Result blogs(Integer currentPage) {if (currentPage == null || currentPage < 1) currentPage = 1;
          Page page = new Page(currentPage, 5);
          IPage pageData = blogService.page(page, new QueryWrapper<Blog>().orderByDesc("created"));
          return Result.success(pageData);
      }
    
      @GetMapping("/blog/{id}")
      public Result detail(@PathVariable(name = "id") Long id) {Blog blog = blogService.getById(id);
          Assert.notNull(blog, "该博客已删除!");
          return Result.success(blog);
      }
    
      @RequiresAuthentication
      @PostMapping("/blog/edit")
      public Result edit(@Validated @RequestBody Blog blog) {System.out.println(blog.toString());
          Blog temp = null;
          if (blog.getId() != null) {temp = blogService.getById(blog.getId());
              Assert.isTrue(temp.getUserId() == ShiroUtils.getProfile().getId(), "没有权限编辑");
          } else {temp = new Blog();
              temp.setUserId(ShiroUtils.getProfile().getId());
              temp.setCreated(LocalDateTime.now());
              temp.setStatus(0);
          }
          BeanUtil.copyProperties(blog, temp, "id", "userId", "created", "status");
          blogService.saveOrUpdate(temp);
          return Result.success("操作胜利", null);
      }
    
    }
  • 接口测试

    目前为止,后端接口的开发根本实现。

    源码参考

    springboot_blog

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