共计 3842 个字符,预计需要花费 10 分钟才能阅读完成。
一、背景
假如我有 2 种类型的服务器,一种是本地电脑 (每个指标名称都存在{nodename=’mac-local’}),一种是阿里云服务器(每个指标名称都存在{nodename=’aliyun’}),同时每个指标下都存在一个 {instance=’ 具体的服务器的 ip 地址 ’} 标签。
即咱们采集的工夫序列大抵上都有如下标签:
eg: node_uname_info{nodename='xxxx',instance='yyyy'}
二、需要
咱们想监控一下每台主机的 cpu 的应用状况。同时不能在一个图形上显示出所有的机器的 cpu 使用率,须要依据用户的抉择而显示。即要呈现下图所示的后果,这个状况咱们能够通过 grafana 的 模板变量
来实现。
从上图能够,instance 的呈现是依据 服务器类型 的抉择而不同的。
三、实现步骤
1、创立一个 Dashboard
2、设置模板变量
1、在 Dashboard 页面点击小齿轮⚙️图标。
2、点击创立一个变量
1、增加 nodename 变量,获取服务器的类型
2、增加 instance 变量。
留神: instance
变量的值是依据上一步 nodename
变量的值而来的,及抉择不同的 nodename,instance 的值应该是不同的。及在 instance 变量的查问语句中须要援用 nodename 变的值,通过 $nodename
即可援用。
做完上方呈现的 1,2 两步,即可呈现需要中呈现的画面。
3、创立一个图表,监控一下 cpu 的使用率
四、上方例子的实现 json 字符串
在 grafana 中引入此 json 串,即可实现上图的成果。然而要保障每个工夫序列都存在 nodename 和 instance 的标签。
{ | |
"annotations": { | |
"list": [ | |
{ | |
"builtIn": 1, | |
"datasource": "-- Grafana --", | |
"enable": true, | |
"hide": true, | |
"iconColor": "rgba(0, 211, 255, 1)", | |
"name": "Annotations & Alerts", | |
"type": "dashboard" | |
} | |
] | |
}, | |
"editable": true, | |
"gnetId": null, | |
"graphTooltip": 0, | |
"id": 3, | |
"iteration": 1616217012533, | |
"links": [], | |
"panels": [ | |
{"aliasColors": {}, | |
"bars": false, | |
"dashLength": 10, | |
"dashes": false, | |
"datasource": null, | |
"decimals": 2, | |
"description": "","fieldConfig": {"defaults": {"custom": {},"unit":"percent"},"overrides": []}, | |
"fill": 1, | |
"fillGradient": 0, | |
"gridPos": { | |
"h": 8, | |
"w": 24, | |
"x": 0, | |
"y": 0 | |
}, | |
"hiddenSeries": false, | |
"id": 2, | |
"legend": { | |
"alignAsTable": true, | |
"avg": true, | |
"current": true, | |
"max": true, | |
"min": true, | |
"rightSide": true, | |
"show": true, | |
"total": false, | |
"values": true | |
}, | |
"lines": true, | |
"linewidth": 1, | |
"nullPointMode": "null", | |
"options": {"alertThreshold": true}, | |
"percentage": false, | |
"pluginVersion": "7.4.3", | |
"pointradius": 2, | |
"points": true, | |
"renderer": "flot", | |
"seriesOverrides": [], | |
"spaceLength": 10, | |
"stack": false, | |
"steppedLine": false, | |
"targets": [ | |
{"expr": "(1 - avg(irate(node_cpu_seconds_total{mode='idle',nodename=~\"$nodename\",instance=~\"$instance\"}[5m])) by (instance)) * 100", | |
"interval": "","legendFormat":"{{instance}} CPU 使用率 ","refId":"A" | |
} | |
], | |
"thresholds": [], | |
"timeFrom": null, | |
"timeRegions": [], | |
"timeShift": null, | |
"title": "$instance CPU 使用率", | |
"tooltip": { | |
"shared": true, | |
"sort": 0, | |
"value_type": "individual" | |
}, | |
"type": "graph", | |
"xaxis": { | |
"buckets": null, | |
"mode": "time", | |
"name": null, | |
"show": true, | |
"values": []}, | |
"yaxes": [ | |
{ | |
"$$hashKey": "object:231", | |
"format": "percent", | |
"label": null, | |
"logBase": 1, | |
"max": null, | |
"min": null, | |
"show": true | |
}, | |
{ | |
"$$hashKey": "object:232", | |
"format": "short", | |
"label": null, | |
"logBase": 1, | |
"max": null, | |
"min": null, | |
"show": true | |
} | |
], | |
"yaxis": { | |
"align": false, | |
"alignLevel": null | |
} | |
} | |
], | |
"schemaVersion": 27, | |
"style": "dark", | |
"tags": [], | |
"templating": { | |
"list": [ | |
{ | |
"allValue": null, | |
"current": { | |
"selected": true, | |
"tags": [], | |
"text": ["mac-local"], | |
"value": ["mac-local"] | |
}, | |
"datasource": null, | |
"definition": "label_values(node_uname_info{nodename=~\".*\"},nodename)", | |
"description": null, | |
"error": null, | |
"hide": 0, | |
"includeAll": false, | |
"label": "服务器类型", | |
"multi": true, | |
"name": "nodename", | |
"options": [ | |
{ | |
"selected": false, | |
"text": "aliyun", | |
"value": "aliyun" | |
}, | |
{ | |
"selected": true, | |
"text": "mac-local", | |
"value": "mac-local" | |
} | |
], | |
"query": {"query": "label_values(node_uname_info{nodename=~\".*\"},nodename)", | |
"refId": "StandardVariableQuery" | |
}, | |
"refresh": 0, | |
"regex": "","skipUrlSync": false,"sort": 0,"tagValuesQuery":"", | |
"tags": [], | |
"tagsQuery": "","type":"query","useTags": false | |
}, | |
{ | |
"allValue": null, | |
"current": { | |
"selected": true, | |
"text": ["localhost:9081"], | |
"value": ["localhost:9081"] | |
}, | |
"datasource": null, | |
"definition": "label_values(node_uname_info{nodename=~\"$nodename\",instance=~\".*\"},instance)", | |
"description": null, | |
"error": null, | |
"hide": 0, | |
"includeAll": false, | |
"label": null, | |
"multi": true, | |
"name": "instance", | |
"options": [ | |
{ | |
"selected": true, | |
"text": "localhost:9081", | |
"value": "localhost:9081" | |
} | |
], | |
"query": {"query": "label_values(node_uname_info{nodename=~\"$nodename\",instance=~\".*\"},instance)", | |
"refId": "StandardVariableQuery" | |
}, | |
"refresh": 0, | |
"regex": "","skipUrlSync": false,"sort": 0,"tagValuesQuery":"", | |
"tags": [], | |
"tagsQuery": "","type":"query","useTags": false | |
} | |
] | |
}, | |
"time": { | |
"from": "now-5m", | |
"to": "now" | |
}, | |
"timepicker": {}, | |
"timezone": "","title":" 测试模板变量 ","uid":"Umb3YDQMz","version": 6 | |
} |
五、参考链接
1、grafana 模板变量的应用
正文完