关于c#:纯手撸WinForm的Alert提示弹出框

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纯手撸 WinForm 的 Alert 弹框

一、窗体设置

设置以下属性：

属性名 属性值 阐明
AutoScaleMode None 确定屏幕分辨率或字体更改时窗体如何缩放
BackColor 103, 194, 58 背景色
Font Microsoft Sans Serif, 14.25pt 字体
FormBorderStyle None 标题栏和边框款式
ShowIcon False 是否显示窗体图标
ShowInTaskBar False 是否显示在 Windows 任务栏
Size 450，100 窗体大小
TopMost True 窗口置顶

二、界面控件

两个 PictureBox 和一个 Label 以及一个定时器，控件大小大家本人定义吧，PictureBox 设置 SizeMode 的值为 Zoom，Label 的 ForeColor 为 white，AutoSIze 为 True。

成果如下：

三、代码以及思路

1. 首先新建三个枚举类：AlertTypes.cs、ActionType.cs、ShowDirection.cs

AlertTypes 管制弹框的类型，ActionType 弹框的状态，ShowDirection 弹框的显示地位 

public enum AlertType
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 胜利
    /// </summary>
    Success,
    /// <summary>
    /// 提醒
    /// </summary>
    Info,
    /// <summary>
    /// 谬误
    /// </summary>
    Error,
    /// <summary>
    /// 正告
    /// </summary>
    Warning
}
public enum ActionType
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 期待
    /// </summary>
    wait,
    /// <summary>
    /// 开启
    /// </summary>
    start,
    /// <summary>
    /// 敞开
    /// </summary>
    close
}
public enum ShowDirection
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 头部核心
    /// </summary>
    TopCenter,
    /// <summary>
    /// 右下角
    /// </summary>
    BottomRight,
    /// <summary>
    /// 右上角
    /// </summary>
    TopRight,
}

2. 思路

1. 滑动的成果通过能够通过定时器批改地位

2. 暗藏的成果能够通过管制透明度

3. 每一种类型的 Alert 最多只能弹出 10 个

3. 代码实现

1. 公共变量 

/// <summary>
/// Alert 类型
/// </summary>
private ActionType action;
/// <summary>
/// 地位 Point
/// </summary>
private int x, y;
/// <summary>
/// 动画继续的工夫
/// </summary>
private int Duration;
/// <summary>
/// 弹出的地位
/// </summary>
private ShowDirection Direction;

2.showAlert 办法

  • 定义窗体的初始地位以及窗体最初的地位并调用 this.Show()
  • 设置行为状态为 ActionType.start
  • 启动定时器 
/// <summary>
/// 外部调用显示窗体
/// </summary>
/// <param name="msg"></param>
protected void ShowAlert(string msg)
{
    this.Opacity = 0.0;
    this.StartPosition = FormStartPosition.Manual;

    string fname;

    for (int i = 1; i < 10; i++)
    {fname = "alert" + i.ToString() + Direction.ToString();
        AlertForm frm = (AlertForm)Application.OpenForms[fname];
        if (frm == null)
        {
            this.Name = fname;
            // 初始地位
            switch (Direction)
            {
                case ShowDirection.TopCenter:
                    this.x = (Screen.PrimaryScreen.WorkingArea.Width - this.Width) / 2;
                    this.y = this.Height * i + 5 * i;
                    break;
                case ShowDirection.BottomRight:
                    this.x = Screen.PrimaryScreen.WorkingArea.Width - this.Width + 15;
                    this.y = Screen.PrimaryScreen.WorkingArea.Height - this.Height * i - 5 * i;
                    break;
                case ShowDirection.TopRight:
                    this.x = Screen.PrimaryScreen.WorkingArea.Width - this.Width + 15;
                    this.y = this.Height * i + 5 * i;
                    break;
            }
            this.Location = new Point(this.x, this.y);
            break;
        }
    }

    // 横向最初的显示地位 造成滑动间隔
    switch (Direction)
    {
        case ShowDirection.BottomRight:
        case ShowDirection.TopRight:
            this.x = Screen.PrimaryScreen.WorkingArea.Width - base.Width - 5;
            break;
    }

    this.lbMsg.Text = msg;
    // 字体大小自适应
    LabelAutoSize();
    this.Show();
    this.action = ActionType.start;
    this.hideTimer.Interval = 1;
    this.hideTimer.Start();}

3. 定时器事件管制动画成果 

private void hideTimer_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
{switch (this.action)
    {
        case ActionType.wait:
            this.hideTimer.Interval = Duration;
            this.action = ActionType.close;
            break;
        case ActionType.start:
            this.hideTimer.Interval = 1;
            this.Opacity += 0.1;
            switch (Direction)
            {
                case ShowDirection.TopCenter:
                    if (this.Opacity.Equals(1.0))
                    {this.action = ActionType.wait;}
                    break;
                case ShowDirection.BottomRight:
                case ShowDirection.TopRight:
                    if (this.x < this.Location.X)
                    {this.Left--;}
                    else
                    {if (this.Opacity.Equals(1.0))
                        {this.action = ActionType.wait;}
                    }
                    break;
            }
            break;
        case ActionType.close:
            this.hideTimer.Interval = 1;
            this.Opacity -= 0.1;
            if (Direction == ShowDirection.TopCenter)
                this.Top -= 10;
            else
                this.Left -= 3;

            if (base.Opacity == 0.0)
                base.Close();
            break;
    }
}

4. 裸露给内部应用的 ShowAlert 办法 

/// <summary>
/// 裸露的办法
/// </summary>
/// <param name="msg"> 内容 </param>
/// <param name="type"> 弹出类型 </param>
/// <param name="duration"> 展现工夫 秒 </param>
/// <param name="direction"> 地位 </param>
public static void ShowAlert(string msg, AlertType type,
                             int duration = 3, ShowDirection direction = ShowDirection.TopCenter)
{AlertForm alert = new AlertForm();
    switch (type)
    {
        case AlertType.Success:
            alert.picAlertType.Image = Resources.Success;
            alert.BackColor = Color.FromArgb(103, 194, 58);
            break;
        case AlertType.Info:
            alert.picAlertType.Image = Resources.Info;
            alert.BackColor = Color.FromArgb(64, 158, 255);
            break;
        case AlertType.Error:
            alert.picAlertType.Image = Resources.Error;
            alert.BackColor = Color.FromArgb(245, 108, 108);
            break;
        case AlertType.Warning:
            alert.picAlertType.Image = Resources.Warning;
            alert.BackColor = Color.FromArgb(230, 162, 60);
            break;
    }
    alert.Duration = duration * 1000;
    alert.Direction = direction;
    alert.ShowAlert(msg);

}

5. 敞开按钮的事件 

private void btnPicClose_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    this.hideTimer.Interval = 1;
    this.action = ActionType.close;
}

4. 全副代码 

using Alert_Form.Properties;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace Alert_Form.Component.Alert
{
    public partial class AlertForm : Form
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Alert 类型
        /// </summary>
        private ActionType action;
        private int x, y;
        /// <summary>
        /// 动画继续的工夫
        /// </summary>
        private int Duration;
        /// <summary>
        /// 弹出的地位
        /// </summary>
        private ShowDirection Direction;
        /// <summary>
        /// 裸露的办法
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="msg"> 内容 </param>
        /// <param name="type"> 弹出类型 </param>
        /// <param name="duration"> 展现工夫 秒 </param>
        /// <param name="direction"> 地位 </param>
        public static void ShowAlert(string msg, AlertType type,
            int duration = 3, ShowDirection direction = ShowDirection.TopCenter)
        {AlertForm alert = new AlertForm();
            switch (type)
            {
                case AlertType.Success:
                    alert.picAlertType.Image = Resources.Success;
                    alert.BackColor = Color.FromArgb(103, 194, 58);
                    break;
                case AlertType.Info:
                    alert.picAlertType.Image = Resources.Info;
                    alert.BackColor = Color.FromArgb(64, 158, 255);
                    break;
                case AlertType.Error:
                    alert.picAlertType.Image = Resources.Error;
                    alert.BackColor = Color.FromArgb(245, 108, 108);
                    break;
                case AlertType.Warning:
                    alert.picAlertType.Image = Resources.Warning;
                    alert.BackColor = Color.FromArgb(230, 162, 60);
                    break;
            }
            alert.Duration = duration * 1000;
            alert.Direction = direction;
            alert.ShowAlert(msg);

        }
        
        public AlertForm()
        {InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void btnPicClose_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            this.hideTimer.Interval = 1;
            this.action = ActionType.close;
        }

        private void hideTimer_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {switch (this.action)
            {
                case ActionType.wait:
                    this.hideTimer.Interval = Duration;
                    this.action = ActionType.close;
                    break;
                case ActionType.start:
                    this.hideTimer.Interval = 1;
                    this.Opacity += 0.1;
                    switch (Direction)
                    {
                        case ShowDirection.TopCenter:
                            if (this.Opacity.Equals(1.0))
                            {this.action = ActionType.wait;}
                            break;
                        case ShowDirection.BottomRight:
                        case ShowDirection.TopRight:
                            if (this.x < this.Location.X)
                            {this.Left--;}
                            else
                            {if (this.Opacity.Equals(1.0))
                                {this.action = ActionType.wait;}
                            }
                            break;
                    }
                    break;
                case ActionType.close:
                    this.hideTimer.Interval = 1;
                    this.Opacity -= 0.1;
                    if (Direction == ShowDirection.TopCenter)
                        this.Top -= 10;
                    else
                        this.Left -= 3;

                    if (base.Opacity == 0.0)
                        base.Close();
                    break;
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 外部调用显示窗体
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="msg"></param>
        protected void ShowAlert(string msg)
        {
            this.Opacity = 0.0;
            this.StartPosition = FormStartPosition.Manual;

            string fname;

            for (int i = 1; i < 10; i++)
            {fname = "alert" + i.ToString() + Direction.ToString();
                AlertForm frm = (AlertForm)Application.OpenForms[fname];
                if (frm == null)
                {
                    this.Name = fname;
                    // 初始地位
                    switch (Direction)
                    {
                        case ShowDirection.TopCenter:
                            this.x = (Screen.PrimaryScreen.WorkingArea.Width - this.Width) / 2;
                            this.y = this.Height * i + 5 * i;
                            break;
                        case ShowDirection.BottomRight:
                            this.x = Screen.PrimaryScreen.WorkingArea.Width - this.Width + 15;
                            this.y = Screen.PrimaryScreen.WorkingArea.Height - this.Height * i - 5 * i;
                            break;
                        case ShowDirection.TopRight:
                            this.x = Screen.PrimaryScreen.WorkingArea.Width - this.Width + 15;
                            this.y = this.Height * i + 5 * i;
                            break;
                    }
                    this.Location = new Point(this.x, this.y);
                    break;
                }
            }

            // 横向最初的显示地位 造成滑动间隔
            switch (Direction)
            {
                case ShowDirection.BottomRight:
                case ShowDirection.TopRight:
                    this.x = Screen.PrimaryScreen.WorkingArea.Width - base.Width - 5;
                    break;
            }

            this.lbMsg.Text = msg;
            // 字体大小自适应
            LabelAutoSize();
            this.Show();
            this.action = ActionType.start;
            this.hideTimer.Interval = 1;
            this.hideTimer.Start();}
        /// <summary>
        /// msg 文字大小自适应
        /// </summary>
        private void LabelAutoSize()
        {            
            Font font;
            while (true)
            {
                var lbFont = this.lbMsg.Font;
                if (lbMsg.Right >= this.btnPicClose.Left)
                {font = new Font(lbFont.Name,lbFont.Size-1,lbFont.Style);
                    this.lbMsg.Font = font;
                }
                else
                {var top = (this.Height - this.lbMsg.Height) / 2;
                    lbMsg.Top = top;
                    break;
                }
            }            
        }
    }
}

四、最终成果

调用：

AlertForm.ShowAlert("Success MessageText",AlertType.Success,direction:ShowDirection.BottomRight);
AlertForm.ShowAlert("Info MessageText", AlertType.Info,direction:ShowDirection.TopRight);
AlertForm.ShowAlert("Error MessageText", AlertType.Error);
AlertForm.ShowAlert("Warning MessageText",AlertType.Warning);

五、nuget 下载应用

1.nuget 包管理器控制台

Install-Package Alert_Form -Version 1.1.2.2

2.nuget 包管理器 GUI 下载

注：

1. 这个包并不会长期保护，因为我只是为了学习 nuget 公布包以及本人写 winform 我的项目会用到而弄的。

2. 本人封装其实次要是为了学习和扭转对 winform 丑的认识，实际上当初曾经有很多 winform 的 UI 框架了，比方：SunnyUI、HZHControls、SyncfusionUI 等。本人造没有太大的必要。对于字体自适应，我这里也做的不好，文字太多了字号就会小到看不清。次要还是以学习为主。

版权申明

本文首发链接为：https://www.cnblogs.com/hyx12…

作者：不想只会 CURD 的猿某人

更多原著文章请参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/hyx1229/

正文完
c#
发表至： c#
2022-07-26
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