乐趣区

vue实现一个6个输入框的验证码输入组件

要实现的功能:

完全和单输入框一样的操作,甚至可以插入覆盖:
1,限制输入数字
2,正常输入
3,backspace 删除
4,paste 任意位置粘贴输入
5,光标选中一个数字,滚轮可以微调数字大小,限制 0 -9
6,123|456 自动覆盖光标后输入的字符,此时光标在 3 后,继续输入 111,会得到 123111,而不用手动删除 456
7,封装成 vue 单文件组件,方便任意调用。

模板代码

<template>
    <div class="input-box">
        <div class="input-content" @keydown="keydown" @keyup="keyup" @paste="paste" @mousewheel="mousewheel"
                @input="inputEvent">
            <input max="9" min="0" maxlength="1" data-index="0" v-model.trim.number="input[0]" type="number"
                    ref="firstinput"/>
            <input max="9" min="0" maxlength="1" data-index="1" v-model.trim.number="input[1]" type="number"/>
            <input max="9" min="0" maxlength="1" data-index="2" v-model.trim.number="input[2]" type="number"/>
            <input 
            <input max="9" min="0" maxlength="1" data-index="4" v-model.trim.number="input[4]" type="number"/>
            <input max="9" min="0" maxlength="1" data-index="5" v-model.trim.number="input[5]" type="number"/>
        </div>
    </div>
</template>

实现了键盘的 keydown/keyup/paste/input 和鼠标滚轮 mousewheel 事件
使用了 6 个输入框的方案来实现。

样式部分:使用了 scss 模式

<style scoped lang="scss">
    .input-box {
        .input-content {
            width: 512px;
            height: 60px;
            display: flex;
            align-items: center;
            justify-content: space-between;
            
            input {
                color: inherit;
                font-family: inherit;
                border: 0;
                outline: 0;
                border-bottom: 1px solid #919191;
                height: 60px;
                width: 60px;
                font-size: 44px;
                text-align: center;
            }
        }
        
        input::-webkit-outer-spin-button,
        input::-webkit-inner-spin-button {
            appearance: none;
            margin: 0;
        }
    }
</style>

具体实现逻辑:主要实现以上几个键盘事件操作。

<script>
    export default {data() {
            return {
                // 存放粘贴进来的数字
                pasteResult: [],};
        },
        props: ['code'],
        computed: {input() {
                // code 是父组件传进来的默认值,必须是 6 位长度的数组,这里就不再做容错判断处理
                // 最后空数组是默认值
                return this.code || this.pasteResult.length === 6 ? this.pasteResult : ['','', '','', '','']
            }
        },
        methods: {
            // 解决一个输入框输入多个字符
            inputEvent(e) {
                var index = e.target.dataset.index * 1;
                var el = e.target;
                this.$set(this.input, index, el.value.slice(0, 1))
            },
            keydown(e) {
                var index = e.target.dataset.index * 1;
                var el = e.target;
                if (e.key === 'Backspace') {if (this.input[index].length > 0) {this.$set(this.input, index, '')
                    } else {if (el.previousElementSibling) {el.previousElementSibling.focus()
                            this.$set(this.input, index - 1, '')
                        }
                    }
                } else if (e.key === 'Delete') {if (this.input[index].length > 0) {this.$set(this.input, index, '')
                    } else {if (el.nextElementSibling) {this.$set(this.input, index = 1, '')
                        }
                    }
                    if (el.nextElementSibling) {el.nextElementSibling.focus()
                    }
                } else if (e.key === 'Home') {el.parentElement.children[0] && el.parentElement.children[0].focus()} else if (e.key === 'End') {el.parentElement.children[this.input.length - 1] && el.parentElement.children[this.input.length - 1].focus()} else if (e.key === 'ArrowLeft') {if (el.previousElementSibling) {el.previousElementSibling.focus()
                    }
                } else if (e.key === 'ArrowRight') {if (el.nextElementSibling) {el.nextElementSibling.focus()
                    }
                } else if (e.key === 'ArrowUp') {if (this.input[index] * 1 < 9) {this.$set(this.input, index, (this.input[index] * 1 + 1).toString());
                    }
                } else if (e.key === 'ArrowDown') {if (this.input[index] * 1 > 0) {this.$set(this.input, index, (this.input[index] * 1 - 1).toString());
                    }
                }
            },
            keyup(e) {
                var index = e.target.dataset.index * 1;
                var el = e.target;
                if (/Digit|Numpad/i.test(e.code)) {this.$set(this.input, index, e.code.replace(/Digit|Numpad/i, ''));
                    el.nextElementSibling && el.nextElementSibling.focus();
                    if (index === 5) {if (this.input.join('').length === 6) {document.activeElement.blur();
                            this.$emit('complete', this.input);
                        }
                    }
                } else {if (this.input[index] === '') {this.$set(this.input, index, '');
                    }
                }
            },
            mousewheel(e) {
                var index = e.target.dataset.index;
                if (e.wheelDelta > 0) {if (this.input[index] * 1 < 9) {this.$set(this.input, index, (this.input[index] * 1 + 1).toString());
                    }
                } else if (e.wheelDelta < 0) {if (this.input[index] * 1 > 0) {this.$set(this.input, index, (this.input[index] * 1 - 1).toString());
                    }
                } else if (e.key === 'Enter') {if (this.input.join('').length === 6) {document.activeElement.blur();
                        this.$emit('complete', this.input);
                    }
                }
            },
            paste(e) {
                // 当进行粘贴时
                e.clipboardData.items[0].getAsString(str => {if (str.toString().length === 6) {this.pasteResult = str.split('');
                        document.activeElement.blur();
                        this.$emit('complete', this.input);
                    }
                })
            }
        },
        mounted() {
            // 等待 dom 渲染完成,在执行 focus, 否则无法获取到焦点
            this.$nextTick(() => {this.$refs.firstinput.focus()
            })
        },
    }
</script>

如果你发现了 bug,或者有优化空间,欢迎你的指正和建议。我会随时更新到原代码当中,分享给大家。

退出移动版