Vsftpd

一.简介 vsftpd 是linux上的一款强大ftp服务器，可配置为2种模式：PASV(被动模式)和PORT(主动模式)。2种模式在建立控制通道的时候是完全一样的，但是在数据通道的建立上有所不同。被动模式（推荐）下在数据通道建立的时候，服务器被动开放随机端口（可限定）让客户端来连接，从而建立数据通道。而主动模式（默认）下在建立数据通道时，服务器主动通过客户端发出的端口信息建立数据通道。 二.步骤 yum -y install vsftpd //yum安装 mkdir /home/dev/ftpfile //创建ftp共享文件夹 useradd cyl -d /ftpfile -s /sbin/nologin //创建虚拟用户，为了安全起见，不给登录权限 chown -R cyl.cyl /home/dev/ftpfile //修改文件夹权限 passwd cyl 111111 //重设密码 cd /etc/vsftpd vim chroot_list //用户列表 vim /etc/selinux/config 修改为SELINUX=disabled //启用ftp支持 reboot //重启服务器 vim /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf //修改配置项 配置防火墙： 重启防火墙和vsftpd 访问后报错：500 OOPS: cannot change directory:/home/dev/ftpfile/ 修改dev文件夹权限：chmod 777 dev 本人创业团队产品MadPecker，主要做BUG管理、测试管理、应用分发网址:www.madpecker.com，有需要的朋友欢迎试用、体验！本文为MadPecker团队技术人员编写，转载请标明出处

前言内网的linxu服务器，不能上外网，找了好多教程，终于总结出一个简单又靠谱的！环境准备 centos6.5vsftpd3.0.3开始操作 做软连接 （libcap.so版本根据自己系统里的确定）ln -s /lib64/libcap.so.2.16 /usr/lib/libcap.sovsftpd3.0.3下载http://fossies.org/linux/misc...tar xvfz vsftpd-3.0.3.tar.gzcd vsftpd-3.0.3makemake installcp vsftpd.conf /etcvi /etc/vsftpd.conf (详细配置见文末) ##设置 禁止匿名登录 anonymous_enable=NO ## 允许本地用户访问 local_enable=YES local_umask=022cp RedHat/vsftpd.pam /etc/pam.d/ftpvi /etc/pam.d/ftp将所有/lib改为/lib64启动： /usr/local/sbin/vsftpd &详细配置 # Example config file /etc/vsftpd.conf## The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.## READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's# capabilities.## Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).anonymous_enable=NO## Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.local_enable=YES## Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.write_enable=YES## Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)#local_umask=022## Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.#anon_upload_enable=YES## Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create# new directories.#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES## Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they# go into a certain directory.dirmessage_enable=YES## Activate logging of uploads/downloads.xferlog_enable=YES## Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).connect_from_port_20=YES## If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not# recommended!#chown_uploads=YES#chown_username=whoever## You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown# below.#xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log## If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format.# Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case.xferlog_std_format=YES## You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.#idle_session_timeout=600## You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.data_connection_timeout=120## It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.#nopriv_user=ftpsecure## Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,# however, may confuse older FTP clients.#async_abor_enable=YES## By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the# raw file.# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.#ascii_upload_enable=YES#ascii_download_enable=YES## You may fully customise the login banner string:ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.## You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.#deny_email_enable=YES# (default follows)#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd.banned_emails## You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of# users to NOT chroot().#chroot_local_user=YESchroot_list_enable=YES# (default follows)chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list_file## You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.#ls_recurse_enable=YES## When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and# listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction# with the listen_ipv6 directive.listen=YES## This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. To listen on IPv4 and IPv6# sockets, you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration files.# Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !!#listen_ipv6=YESlisten_port=21pasv_enable=YESpasv_max_port=60000pasv_min_port=60010

随着公司的业务不断的发展，将服务和文件放在同一服务器下面的弊端越来越明显；这个时候就该上线独立的图片服务器系统；通过ftp或者ssh工具将文件上传到图片服务器的某个目录下面，在通过ngnix或者apache服务器来做图片的访问，给图片服务器配置独立的子域名，例如 img.xx.com。在业务处理文件时通过ftp或者ssh将文件上传到文件服务器，返回给程序一个独立域名的图片url地址，网站正常访问的时候就通过这个URL地址来访问文件。优点：图片访问是很消耗服务器资源的（因为会涉及到操作系统的上下文切换和磁盘I/O操作）。分离出来后，Web/App服务器可以更专注发挥动态处理的能力；独立存储，更方便做扩容、容灾和数据迁移；方便做图片访问请求的负载均衡，方便应用各种缓存策略（HTTP Header、Proxy Cache等），也更加方便迁移到CDN。缺点：单机存在性能瓶颈，容灾、垂直扩展性稍差参考文章：网站文件系统发展&&分布式文件系统fastDFS安装Nginx上面介绍过，ngnix服务器是来做图片的访问的。安装好，域名能正常访问到即可，无需修改任何配置。它的根目录是/usr/local/nginx/html，通过根目录+资源名称即可访问到你要的资源。