静态资源 | 乐趣区

Spring Boot 静态资源文件配置说在前面的话：创建SpringBoot应用，选中我们需要的模块SpringBoot已经默认将这些场景配置好了，只需要在配置文件中指定少量配置就可以运行起来自己编写业务代码由于 Spring Boot 采用了”约定优于配置”这种规范，所以在使用静态资源的时候也很简单。SpringBoot本质上是为微服务而生的，以JAR的形式启动运行，但是有时候静态资源的访问是必不可少的，比如：image、js、css 等资源的访问1.webjars配置静态路径简单了解即可，感觉实用性不大，public class WebMvcAutoConfiguration { public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) { if (!this.resourceProperties.isAddMappings()) { logger.debug(“Default resource handling disabled”); } else { Duration cachePeriod = this.resourceProperties.getCache().getPeriod(); CacheControl cacheControl = this.resourceProperties.getCache().getCachecontrol().toHttpCacheControl(); if (!registry.hasMappingForPattern("/webjars/")) { this.customizeResourceHandlerRegistration(registry.addResourceHandler(new String[]{"/webjars/"}).addResourceLocations(new String[]{“classpath:/META-INF/resources/webjars/”}).setCachePeriod(this.getSeconds(cachePeriod)).setCacheControl(cacheControl)); } String staticPathPattern = this.mvcProperties.getStaticPathPattern(); if (!registry.hasMappingForPattern(staticPathPattern)) { this.customizeResourceHandlerRegistration(registry.addResourceHandler(new String[]{staticPathPattern}).addResourceLocations(getResourceLocations(this.resourceProperties.getStaticLocations())).setCachePeriod(this.getSeconds(cachePeriod)).setCacheControl(cacheControl)); } } }}代码分析: 所有 /webjars/** ，都去 classpath:/META-INF/resources/webjars/ 找资源；webjars：以jar包的方式引入静态资源； webjars提供的依赖官网<dependency> <groupId>org.webjars</groupId> <artifactId>jquery</artifactId> <version>1.12.4</version></dependency>启动服务，测试访问静态地址http://127.0.0.1:8001/hp/webjars/jquery/1.12.4/jquery.js2.默认静态资源路径@ConfigurationProperties( prefix = “spring.resources”, ignoreUnknownFields = false)public class ResourceProperties { private static final String[] CLASSPATH_RESOURCE_LOCATIONS = new String[]{“classpath:/META-INF/resources/”, “classpath:/resources/”, “classpath:/static/”, “classpath:/public/”}; private String[] staticLocations; private boolean addMappings; private final ResourceProperties.Chain chain; private final ResourceProperties.Cache cache; public ResourceProperties() { this.staticLocations = CLASSPATH_RESOURCE_LOCATIONS; this.addMappings = true; this.chain = new ResourceProperties.Chain(); this.cache = new ResourceProperties.Cache(); } public String[] getStaticLocations() { return this.staticLocations; }}摘抄了部分源码，算是为了增加篇幅，从上述代码中我们可以看到，提供了几种默认的配置方式classpath:/staticclasspath:/publicclasspath:/resourcesclasspath:/META-INF/resources备注说明: “/"=>当前项目的根路径我们在src/main/resources目录下新建 public、resources、static 、META-INF等目录目录，并分别放入 1.jpg 2.jpg 3.jpg 4.jpg 5.jpg 五张图片。注意:需要排除webjars的形式，将pom.xml中的代码去掉，在进行测试结果结果如下3.新增静态资源路径我们在spring.resources.static-locations后面追加一个配置classpath:/os/：# 静态文件请求匹配方式spring.mvc.static-path-pattern=/# 修改默认的静态寻址资源目录多个使用逗号分隔spring.resources.static-locations = classpath:/META-INF/resources/,classpath:/resources/,classpath:/static/,classpath:/public/,classpath:/os/4.自定义静态资源映射在实际开发中，我们可能需要自定义静态资源访问以及上传路径，特别是文件上传，不可能上传的运行的JAR服务中，那么可以通过继承WebMvcConfigurerAdapter来实现自定义路径映射。application.properties 文件配置：# 图片音频上传路径配置(win系统自行变更本地路径)web.upload.path=D:/upload/attr/Demo05BootApplication.java 启动配置：package com.hanpang;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ResourceHandlerRegistry;import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;@SpringBootApplicationpublic class Demo05BootApplication implements WebMvcConfigurer { private final static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Demo05BootApplication.class); @Value("${web.upload.path}”) private String uploadPath; @Override public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) { registry.addResourceHandler("/uploads/").addResourceLocations( “file:” + uploadPath); LOGGER.info(“自定义静态资源目录、此处功能用于文件映射”); } public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Demo05BootApplication.class, args); }}5.设置欢迎界面依然从源码出手来解决这个问题public class WebMvcAutoConfiguration { private Optional<Resource> getWelcomePage() { String[] locations = getResourceLocations(this.resourceProperties.getStaticLocations()); return Arrays.stream(locations).map(this::getIndexHtml).filter(this::isReadable).findFirst(); } private Resource getIndexHtml(String location) { return this.resourceLoader.getResource(location + “index.html”); }}5.1 直接设置静态默认页面欢迎页；静态资源文件夹下的所有index.html页面，被"/“映射；5.2 增加控制器的方式新增模版引擎的支持<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId></dependency>配置核心文件application.propertiesserver.port=8001server.servlet.context-path=/hpspring.mvc.view.prefix=classpath:/templates/没有去设置后缀名设置增加路由@Controllerpublic class IndexController { @GetMapping({”/","/index"}) public String index(){ return “default”; }}访问http://127.0.0.1:8001/hp/5.3 设置默认的View跳转页面新增模版引擎的支持<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId></dependency>配置核心文件application.propertiesserver.port=8001server.servlet.context-path=/hpspring.mvc.view.prefix=classpath:/templates/没有去设置后缀名启动文件的修改如下@SpringBootApplicationpublic class Demo05BootApplication implements WebMvcConfigurer { @Override public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) { registry.addViewController("/").setViewName(“default”); registry.addViewController("/index1").setViewName(“default”); registry.setOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE); } public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Demo05BootApplication.class, args); }}6. Favicon设置 @Configuration @ConditionalOnProperty( value = {“spring.mvc.favicon.enabled”}, matchIfMissing = true ) public static class FaviconConfiguration implements ResourceLoaderAware { private final ResourceProperties resourceProperties; private ResourceLoader resourceLoader; public FaviconConfiguration(ResourceProperties resourceProperties) { this.resourceProperties = resourceProperties; } public void setResourceLoader(ResourceLoader resourceLoader) { this.resourceLoader = resourceLoader; } @Bean public SimpleUrlHandlerMapping faviconHandlerMapping() { SimpleUrlHandlerMapping mapping = new SimpleUrlHandlerMapping(); mapping.setOrder(-2147483647); mapping.setUrlMap(Collections.singletonMap("/favicon.ico", this.faviconRequestHandler())); return mapping; } @Bean public ResourceHttpRequestHandler faviconRequestHandler() { ResourceHttpRequestHandler requestHandler = new ResourceHttpRequestHandler(); requestHandler.setLocations(this.resolveFaviconLocations()); return requestHandler; } private List<Resource> resolveFaviconLocations() { String[] staticLocations = WebMvcAutoConfiguration.WebMvcAutoConfigurationAdapter.getResourceLocations(this.resourceProperties.getStaticLocations()); List<Resource> locations = new ArrayList(staticLocations.length + 1); Stream var10000 = Arrays.stream(staticLocations); ResourceLoader var10001 = this.resourceLoader; var10001.getClass(); var10000.map(var10001::getResource).forEach(locations::add); locations.add(new ClassPathResource("/")); return Collections.unmodifiableList(locations); } }SpringBoot 默认是开启Favicon，并且提供了一个默认的Favicon，如果想关闭Favicon，只需要在application.properties中添加spring.mvc.favicon.enabled=false如果想更改Favicon，只需要将自己的Favicon.ico（文件名不能改动），放置到类路径根目录、类路径META_INF/resources/下、类路径resources/下、类路径static/下或者类路径public/下。5.附录A.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter过时在Springboot中配置WebMvcConfigurerAdapter的时候发现这个类过时了。所以看了下源码，发现官方在spring5弃用了WebMvcConfigurerAdapter，因为springboot2.0使用的spring5，所以会出现过时。WebMvcConfigurerAdapter已经过时，在新版本中被废弃，以下是比较常用的重写接口：/** 解决跨域问题 /public void addCorsMappings(CorsRegistry registry) ;/ 添加拦截器 /void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry);/ 这里配置视图解析器 /void configureViewResolvers(ViewResolverRegistry registry);/ 配置内容裁决的一些选项 /void configureContentNegotiation(ContentNegotiationConfigurer configurer);/ 视图跳转控制器 /void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry);/ 静态资源处理 /void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry);/ 默认静态资源处理器 /void configureDefaultServletHandling(DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer configurer);方案1：直接实现WebMvcConfigurer@Configurationpublic class WebMvcConfg implements WebMvcConfigurer { @Override public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) { registry.addViewController("/index").setViewName(“index”); }}方案2：直接继承WebMvcConfigurationSupport@Configurationpublic class WebMvcConfg extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport { @Override public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) { registry.addViewController("/index").setViewName(“index”); }}其实，源码下WebMvcConfigurerAdapter是实现WebMvcConfigurer接口，所以直接实现WebMvcConfigurer接口也可以；WebMvcConfigurationSupport与WebMvcConfigurerAdapter、接口WebMvcConfigurer处于同一个目录下WebMvcConfigurationSupport包含WebMvcConfigurer里面的方法，由此看来版本中应该是推荐使用WebMvcConfigurationSupport类的，WebMvcConfigurationSupport应该是新版本中对WebMvcConfigurerAdapter的替换和扩展B.关于加载目录问题// 可以直接使用addResourceLocations 指定磁盘绝对路径，同样可以配置多个位置，注意路径写法需要加上file:registry.addResourceHandler("/myimgs/").addResourceLocations(“file:H:/myimgs/”);// 访问myres根目录下的fengjing.jpg 的URL为 http://localhost:8080/fengjing.jpg （/** 会覆盖系统默认的配置）registry.addResourceHandler("/**").addResourceLocations(“classpath:/myres/”).addResourceLocations(“classpath:/static/”); ...