本章内容 1、socket
2、IO多路复用
3、socketserver
Socketsocket起源于Unix，而Unix/Linux根本哲学之一就是“所有皆文件”，对于文件用【关上】【读写】【敞开】模式来操作。socket就是该模式的一个实现，socket即是一种非凡的文件，一些socket函数就是对其进行的操作（读/写IO、关上、敞开）
基本上，Socket 是任何一种计算机网络通信中最根底的内容。例如当你在浏览器地址栏中输出 http://www.cnblogs.com/ 时，你会关上一个套接字，而后连贯到 http://www.cnblogs.com/ 并读取响应的页面而后而后显示进去。而其余一些聊天客户端如 gtalk 和 skype 也是相似。任何网络通讯都是通过 Socket 来实现的。
Python 官网对于 Socket 的函数请看 http://docs.python.org/library/socket.html
socket和file的区别：
1、file模块是针对某个指定文件进行【关上】【读写】【敞开】
2、socket模块是针对 服务器端 和 客户端Socket 进行【关上】【读写】【敞开】
那咱们就先来创立一个socket服务端吧
import socketsk = socket.socket()sk.bind(("127.0.0.1",8080))sk.listen(5)conn,address = sk.accept()sk.sendall(bytes("Hello world",encoding="utf-8"))server
import socketobj = socket.socket()obj.connect(("127.0.0.1",8080))ret = str(obj.recv(1024),encoding="utf-8")print(ret)View Code
socket更多功能
def bind(self, address): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ bind(address) Bind the socket to a local address. For IP sockets, the address is a pair (host, port); the host must refer to the local host. For raw packet sockets the address is a tuple (ifname, proto [,pkttype [,hatype]]) """'''将套接字绑定到本地地址。是一个IP套接字的地址对(主机、端口),主机必须参考本地主机。''' pass def close(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ close() Close the socket. It cannot be used after this call. """ '''敞开socket''' pass def connect(self, address): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ connect(address) Connect the socket to a remote address. For IP sockets, the address is a pair (host, port). """ '''将套接字连贯到近程地址。IP套接字的地址''' pass def connect_ex(self, address): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ connect_ex(address) -> errno This is like connect(address), but returns an error code (the errno value) instead of raising an exception when an error occurs. """ pass def detach(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ detach() Close the socket object without closing the underlying file descriptor. The object cannot be used after this call, but the file descriptor can be reused for other purposes. The file descriptor is returned. """'''敞开套接字对象没有敞开底层的文件描述符。''' pass def fileno(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ fileno() -> integer Return the integer file descriptor of the socket. """ '''返回整数的套接字的文件描述符。''' return 0 def getpeername(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ getpeername() -> address info Return the address of the remote endpoint. For IP sockets, the address info is a pair (hostaddr, port). """ '''返回近程端点的地址。IP套接字的地址''' pass def getsockname(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ getsockname() -> address info Return the address of the local endpoint. For IP sockets, the address info is a pair (hostaddr, port). """ '''返回近程端点的地址。IP套接字的地址''' pass def getsockopt(self, level, option, buffersize=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ getsockopt(level, option[, buffersize]) -> value Get a socket option. See the Unix manual for level and option. If a nonzero buffersize argument is given, the return value is a string of that length; otherwise it is an integer. """ '''失去一个套接字选项''' pass def gettimeout(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ gettimeout() -> timeout Returns the timeout in seconds (float) associated with socket operations. A timeout of None indicates that timeouts on socket operations are disabled. """ '''返回的超时秒数(浮动)与套接字相关联''' return timeout def ioctl(self, cmd, option): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ ioctl(cmd, option) -> long Control the socket with WSAIoctl syscall. Currently supported 'cmd' values are SIO_RCVALL: 'option' must be one of the socket.RCVALL_* constants. SIO_KEEPALIVE_VALS: 'option' is a tuple of (onoff, timeout, interval). """ return 0 def listen(self, backlog=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ listen([backlog]) Enable a server to accept connections. If backlog is specified, it must be at least 0 (if it is lower, it is set to 0); it specifies the number of unaccepted connections that the system will allow before refusing new connections. If not specified, a default reasonable value is chosen. """ '''使服务器可能承受连贯。''' pass def recv(self, buffersize, flags=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ recv(buffersize[, flags]) -> data Receive up to buffersize bytes from the socket. For the optional flags argument, see the Unix manual. When no data is available, block until at least one byte is available or until the remote end is closed. When the remote end is closed and all data is read, return the empty string. """'''当没有数据可用,阻塞,直到至多一个字节是可用的或近程完结之前敞开。''' pass def recvfrom(self, buffersize, flags=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ recvfrom(buffersize[, flags]) -> (data, address info) Like recv(buffersize, flags) but also return the sender's address info. """ pass def recvfrom_into(self, buffer, nbytes=None, flags=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ recvfrom_into(buffer[, nbytes[, flags]]) -> (nbytes, address info) Like recv_into(buffer[, nbytes[, flags]]) but also return the sender's address info. """ pass def recv_into(self, buffer, nbytes=None, flags=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ recv_into(buffer, [nbytes[, flags]]) -> nbytes_read A version of recv() that stores its data into a buffer rather than creating a new string. Receive up to buffersize bytes from the socket. If buffersize is not specified (or 0), receive up to the size available in the given buffer. See recv() for documentation about the flags. """ pass def send(self, data, flags=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ send(data[, flags]) -> count Send a data string to the socket. For the optional flags argument, see the Unix manual. Return the number of bytes sent; this may be less than len(data) if the network is busy. """ '''发送一个数据字符串到套接字。''' pass def sendall(self, data, flags=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ sendall(data[, flags]) Send a data string to the socket. For the optional flags argument, see the Unix manual. This calls send() repeatedly until all data is sent. If an error occurs, it's impossible to tell how much data has been sent. """ '''发送一个数据字符串到套接字，直到所有数据发送实现''' pass def sendto(self, data, flags=None, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown; NOTE: unreliably restored from __doc__ """ sendto(data[, flags], address) -> count Like send(data, flags) but allows specifying the destination address. For IP sockets, the address is a pair (hostaddr, port). """ pass def setblocking(self, flag): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ setblocking(flag) Set the socket to blocking (flag is true) or non-blocking (false). setblocking(True) is equivalent to settimeout(None); setblocking(False) is equivalent to settimeout(0.0). """'''是否阻塞（默认True），如果设置False，那么accept和recv时一旦无数据，则报错。''' pass def setsockopt(self, level, option, value): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ setsockopt(level, option, value) Set a socket option. See the Unix manual for level and option. The value argument can either be an integer or a string. """ pass def settimeout(self, timeout): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ settimeout(timeout) Set a timeout on socket operations. 'timeout' can be a float, giving in seconds, or None. Setting a timeout of None disables the timeout feature and is equivalent to setblocking(1). Setting a timeout of zero is the same as setblocking(0). """ pass def share(self, process_id): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ share(process_id) -> bytes Share the socket with another process. The target process id must be provided and the resulting bytes object passed to the target process. There the shared socket can be instantiated by calling socket.fromshare(). """ return b"" def shutdown(self, flag): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ shutdown(flag) Shut down the reading side of the socket (flag == SHUT_RD), the writing side of the socket (flag == SHUT_WR), or both ends (flag == SHUT_RDWR). """ pass def _accept(self): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ """ _accept() -> (integer, address info) Wait for an incoming connection. Return a new socket file descriptor representing the connection, and the address of the client. For IP sockets, the address info is a pair (hostaddr, port). """ pass 更多功能
...