乐趣区

前端每日实战:142# 视频演示如何用 CSS 的 Grid 布局创作一张小鸡邮票

效果预览
按下右侧的“点击预览”按钮可以在当前页面预览,点击链接可以全屏预览。
https://codepen.io/comehope/pen/mGZbmQ
可交互视频
此视频是可以交互的,你可以随时暂停视频,编辑视频中的代码。
请用 chrome, safari, edge 打开观看。
https://scrimba.com/p/pEgDAM/cWMPaha
源代码下载
每日前端实战系列的全部源代码请从 github 下载:
https://github.com/comehope/front-end-daily-challenges
代码解读
定义 dom,容器表示邮票:
<div class=”stamp”>
</div>
居中显示:
body {
margin: 0;
height: 100vh;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
background-color: teal;
}
设置容器尺寸:
.stamp {
position: relative;
width: 57em;
height: 71em;
font-size: 5px;
padding: 5em;
background-color: white;
}
用重复背景绘制出邮票的齿孔:
.stamp {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
}

.stamp::after,
.stamp::before {
content: ”;
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
position: absolute;
background:
radial-gradient(circle, teal 50%, transparent 50%),
radial-gradient(circle, teal 50%, transparent 50%);
background-size: 3.5em 3.5em;
}

.stamp::before {
top: 1.5em;
background-repeat: repeat-y;
background-position: -3% 0, 103% 0;
}

.stamp::after {
left: 1.5em;
background-repeat: repeat-x;
background-position: 0 -2.5%, 0 102.5%;
}
在 html 文件中增加小鸡的 dom 元素,子元素分别表示头部、喙、身体、尾巴、腿、爪子、太阳、桔子:
<div class=”stamp”>
<div class=”rooster”>
<span class=”head”></span>
<span class=”beak”></span>
<span class=”body”></span>
<span class=”tail”></span>
<span class=”leg”></span>
<span class=”foot”></span>
<span class=”sun”></span>
<span class=”orange-stuff”></span>
</div>
</div>
设置 grid 布局的行列尺寸:
.rooster {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 22.5em 13em 1.75em 14.5em 4.5em;
grid-template-rows: 12.5em 14.5em 15em 8em 5.5em;
background-color: wheat;
padding: 2em;
margin-top: -2em;
}
画出扇形的头部:
.head {
grid-column: 4;
grid-row: 2;
background-color: burlywood;
border-top-left-radius: 100%;
}
画出小鸡的眼睛和脸上的红晕:
.head {
position: relative;
}

.head::after {
content: ”;
position: absolute;
width: 2.8em;
height: 2.8em;
border-radius: 50%;
background-color: black;
right: 30%;
box-shadow: 2em 4em 4em rgba(255, 100, 0, 0.5);
}
画出扇形的喙:
.beak {
grid-column: 5;
grid-row: 2;
height: 4.5em;
background-color: darkorange;
border-bottom-right-radius: 100%;
}
画出半圆形的身体:
.body {
grid-column: 2 / 5;
grid-row: 3;
width: 30em;
background-color: saddlebrown;
border-radius: 0 0 15em 15em;
}
用伪元素,通过阴影画出翅膀:
.body {
position: relative;
overflow: hidden;
}

.body::after {
content: ”;
position: absolute;
width: 20em;
height: 10em;
border-radius: inherit;
box-shadow: 4em 2em 4em rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
left: calc((30em – 20em) / 2);
}
画出扇形的尾巴:
.tail {
grid-column: 1;
grid-row: 1 / 3;
height: 22.5em;
background-color: burlywood;
align-self: end;
border-top-left-radius: 100%;
}
画出扇形的腿:
.leg {
grid-column: 4;
grid-row: 4;
width: 8em;
background-color: burlywood;
border-bottom-right-radius: 100%;
}
画出扇形的小爪子:
.foot {
grid-column: 4;
grid-row: 5;
width: 5.5em;
background-color: darkorange;
border-top-right-radius: 100%;
}
画出半圆形的太阳:
.sun {
grid-column: 3 / 5;
grid-row: 1;
width: 17em;
–h: calc(17em / 2);
height: var(–h);
background-color: darkorange;
border-radius: 0 0 var(–h) var(–h);
}
画出圆形的桔子和半圆形的叶片,注意此处叶片的画法与前面画半圆形的画法不同:
.orange-stuff {
grid-column: 1;
grid-row: 3 / 6;
width: 16em;
height: 16em;
background-color: darkorange;
align-self: end;
justify-self: end;
border-radius: 50%;
position: relative;
}

.orange-stuff::before {
content: ”;
position: absolute;
width: 8em;
height: 8em;
background: linear-gradient(45deg, transparent 50%, saddlebrown 50%);
border-radius: 50%;
top: -6.8em;
left: 10%;
}
在 dom 中再增加一些文本,包括标题、作者和面值:
<div class=”stamp”>
<div class=”puppy”>
<!– 略 –>
</div>
<p class=”text”>
<span class=”title”>Rooster</span>
<span class=”author”>comehope</span>
<span class=”face-value”>120</span>
</p>
</div>
设置标题的文字样式:
.text {
position: relative;
width: calc(100% + 2em * 2);
height: 6em;
font-family: sans-serif;
}

.text .title {
position: absolute;
font-size: 6em;
font-weight: bold;
color: brown;
}
设置作者的文字样式:
.text .author {
position: absolute;
font-size: 3em;
bottom: -1.2em;
color: dimgray;
}
设置面值的文字样式:
.text .face-value {
position: absolute;
font-size: 14em;
right: 0;
line-height: 0.9em;
color: darkcyan;
}
大功告成!

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