非常感谢各位 TiDBer 在之前 【TiDBer 唠嗑茶话会 48】非正式 TiDB 相干 SQL 脚本征集大赛！( https://asktug.com/t/topic/996635 )里提供的各种罕用脚本。
在这篇文章中，咱们整顿了社区同学提供的一系列 TiDB 相干 SQL 脚本，心愿能为大家在 TiDB 的应用过程中提供一些帮忙和参考。这些脚本涵盖了常见场景下的 SQL 操作， 欢送各位 TiDBer 继续补充更新～
将来，咱们也将整顿更多 TiDB 相干实用指南，帮忙大家更好地理解、使用 TiDB，敬请期待！
1 缓存表
贡献者：@ShawnYan
alter table xxx cache|nocache;2 TSO 工夫转换
贡献者：@我是咖啡哥
● 办法一：应用函数 TIDB_PARSE_TSO
SELECT TIDB_PARSE_TSO(437447897305317376);+------------------------------------+| TIDB_PARSE_TSO(437447897305317376) |+------------------------------------+| 2022-11-18 08:28:17.704000 |+------------------------------------+1 row in set (0.25 sec)● 办法二：应用 pd-ctl
~$ tiup ctl:v6.4.0 pd -i -u http://pdip:2379Starting component `ctl`: /Users/xxx/.tiup/components/ctl/v6.4.0/ctl pd -i -u http://pdip:2379» tso 437447897305317376system: 2022-11-18 08:28:17.704 +0800 CSTlogic: 03 读取历史数据
贡献者：@我是咖啡哥
● 应用 AS OF TIMESTAMP 语法读取历史数据，能够通过以下三种形式应用 AS OF TIMESTAMP 语法：
SELECT … FROM … AS OF TIMESTAMP
START TRANSACTION READ ONLY AS OF TIMESTAMP
SET TRANSACTION READ ONLY AS OF TIMESTAMP
select * from t as of timestamp '2021-05-26 16:45:26';start transaction read only as of timestamp '2021-05-26 16:45:26';set transaction read only as of timestamp '2021-05-26 16:45:26';● 通过零碎变量 tidb_read_staleness 读取历史数据
从 5 秒前至当初的工夫范畴内抉择一个尽可能新的工夫戳
set @@tidb_read_staleness="-5";● 通过零碎变量 tidb_snapshot 读取历史数据
设置一个非凡的环境变量，这个是一个 session scope 的变量，其意义为读取这个工夫之前的最新的一个版本
set @@tidb_snapshot="2016-10-08 16:45:26";清空这个变量后，即可读取最新版本数据
set @@tidb_snapshot=“”;4 查问 tikv_gc_life_time 和 tikv_gc_safe_point 默认时长
贡献者：@TiDBer_m6V1BalM
select VARIABLE_NAME, VARIABLE_VALUE from mysql.tidb where VARIABLE_NAME like “tikv_gc%”;5 搜寻某个用户的 TopN 慢查问
贡献者：@fanruinet
select query_time,query,userfrom information_schema.slow_querywhere is_internal=false -- 排除 TiDB 外部的慢查问 SQLand user = "user1" -- 查找的用户名order by query_time desclimit 2;6 统计距离 5 分钟的数据
贡献者：@forever
SELECT concat(date_format(create_time,‘%Y-%m-%d %H:’),floor(date_format(create_time,‘%i’)/5)),count(*)FROM jcxxGROUP BY 1;7 反解析 digest 成 SQL 文本
贡献者：@hey-hoho
select tidb_decode_sql_digests(‘[“xxxxx”]’);8 不波及分区表用上面的形式查看表的应用状况
贡献者：@xfworld
select TABLE_SCHEMA,TABLE_NAME,TABLE_ROWS,(DATA_LENGTH+INDEX_LENGTH)/1024/1024/1024 as table_size from tables order by table_size desc limit 20;9 partition 表提供了分区表和非分区表的资源应用状况
贡献者：@xfworld
select TABLE_SCHEMA,TABLE_NAME,PARTITION_NAME,TABLE_ROWS,(DATA_LENGTH+INDEX_LENGTH)/1024/1024/1024 as table_size from information_schema.PARTITIONS order by table_size desc limit 20;10 查问分析器中看配置文件参数
贡献者：@Kongdom
show configSHOW CONFIG 语句用于展现 TiDB 各个组件以后正在利用的配置，请留神，配置与零碎变量作用于不同维度，请不要混同，如果心愿获取零碎变量信息，请应用 SHOW VARIABLES ( https://docs.pingcap.com/zh/tidb/stable/sql-statement-show-va... ) 语法。
11 查找读流量排名前 10 的热点 region
贡献者：@BraveChen
SELECT DISTINCT region_id FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.tikv_region_status WHERE READ_BYTES > ?ORDER BY READ_BYTES DESC LIMIT 1012 查看参数和变量的脚本
贡献者：@buddyyuan
#!/bin/bashcase $1 in-pd)mysql -uroot -h127.0.0.1 -P4000 -p"" -e "SHOW CONFIG WHERE type ='pd' and name like '%$2%'";;-tidb)mysql -uroot -h127.0.0.1 -P4000 -p"" -e "SHOW CONFIG WHERE type ='tidb' and name like '%$2%'";;-tikv)mysql -uroot -h127.0.0.1 -P4000 -p"" -e "SHOW CONFIG WHERE type ='tikv' and name like '%$2%'";;-tiflash)mysql -uroot -h127.0.0.1 -P4000 -p"" -e "SHOW CONFIG WHERE type ='tiflash' and name like '%$2%'";;-var)mysql -uroot -h127.0.0.1 -P4000 -p"" -e "show variables like '%$2%';";;-h)echo "-pd show pd parameters" echo "-tidb show tidb parameters"echo "-tikv show tikv parameters"echo "-tiflash show tiflash parameters"echo "-var show itidb variables";;esac还能用 grep 在过滤一次
[root@vm172-16-201-125 ~]# sh showparammeter.sh -tikv memory-pool-quota | grep -i "210:29160"tikv 192.16.201.210:29160 server.grpc-memory-pool-quota 9223372036854775807B13 查找重复记录
贡献者：@ealam_ 小羽
select *from 表where 反复字段 in(select 反复字段from 表group by 反复字段having count(*)>1)14 查问耗时最高的慢 sql
贡献者：@caiyfc
select query sql_text, sum_query_time, mnt as executions, avg_query_time, avg_proc_time, avg_wait_time, max_query_time, avg_backoff_time, Cop_proc_addr, digest, (case when avg_proc_time = 0 then 'point_get or commit' when (avg_proc_time > avg_wait_time and avg_proc_time > avg_backoff_time) then 'coprocessor_process' when (avg_backoff_time > avg_wait_time and avg_proc_time < avg_backoff_time) then 'backoff' else 'coprocessor_wait' end) as type from (select substr(query, 1, 100) query, count(*) mnt, avg(query_time) avg_query_time, avg(process_time) avg_proc_time, avg(wait_time) avg_wait_time, max(query_time) max_query_time, sum(query_time) sum_query_time, digest, Cop_proc_addr, avg(backoff_time) avg_backoff_time from information_schema.cluster_slow_query where time >= '2022-07-14 17:00:00' and time <= '2022-07-15 17:10:00' and DB = 'web' group by substr(query, 1, 100)) t order by max_query_time desc limit 20;15 日常保护用的最多的 SQL
贡献者：@tracy0984
select * from information_schema.cluster_processlist;– kill id;16 复原数据（实用于 drop 与 truncate）
贡献者：@凌云 Cloud
FLASHBACK TABLE target_table_name[TO new_table_name]17 批量批改库名
贡献者：@TiDBer_dog
./bat_rename.sh lihongbao/ dev2_kelun dev2_sinodemo 门路./leo_backup18 高并发的场景下获取 sql
贡献者：@jiawei
select * from information_schema.processlist where info is not null19 查看 schema 下的表都有哪些
贡献者：@Ming
show tables in schema;20 查看表 leader
贡献者：@TiDBer_wTKU9jv6
select count(1),tss.ADDRESS from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TIKV_REGION_PEERS trp,INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TIKV_REGION_STATUS trs,INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TIKV_STORE_STATUS tss where trp.STORE_ID=tss.STORE_ID and trp.REGION_ID=trs.REGION_ID and trs.DB_NAME=‘test’ and trs.TABLE_NAME=‘test’ and trp.IS_LEADER=1 group by tss.ADDRESS order by tss.ADDRESS;21 shell 的淘气减速脚本
贡献者：@gcworkerishungry
alias ctidb=“mysql -u root -ptidb -Dcktest -h S001 -P4000”alias dtidb=“tiup cluster display tidb-test”alias etidb=“tiup cluster edit-config tidb-test”alias ptidb=“tiup cluster prune tidb-test”alias rtidb=“tiup cluster restart tidb-test”22 复原数据到新的数据库
贡献者：@TiDBer_ 徐川
./loader -h 192.168.180.3 -u root -p q1w2 -P 4000 -t 32 -d leo_backup/23 开启 tiflash
贡献者：@TiDBer_pFFcXLgY
alter table xxx set tiflash replica 124 表 region 散布语句
贡献者：@秋枫之舞
selecttrs.db_name,trs.table_name,trs.index_name,trp.store_id,count(*),sum(approximate_keys)frominformation_schema.tikv_region_status trs,information_schema.tikv_store_status tss,information_schema.tikv_region_peers trpwheretrs.db_name = ‘prd01’and trs.table_name = ‘tab_name’and trp.is_leader = 1and trp.store_id = tss.store_idand trs.region_id = trp.region_idgroup bytrs.db_name,trs.table_name,trs.index_name,trp.store_idorder bytrs.index_name;25 查看列的元数据
贡献者：@张雨齐0720
show stats_histograms where db_name like ‘test’ and table_name like ‘test1’ ;26 表的存储地位（store、peer 信息）
贡献者：@bert
SELECT distinct a.TIDB_TABLE_ID, b.DB_NAME, b.TABLE_NAME, b.REGION_ID, b.APPROXIMATE_SIZE, c.PEER_ID, c.STORE_ID, c.IS_LEADER, c.STATUS, d.ADDRESS, d.STORE_STATE_NAME, d.VERSION, d.CAPACITY, d.AVAILABLE, d.LABELFROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES aINNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TIKV_REGION_STATUS bINNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TIKV_REGION_PEERS cINNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TIKV_STORE_STATUS dWHERE a.TIDB_TABLE_ID = b.TABLE_IDAND b.REGION_ID = c.REGION_IDAND c.STORE_ID = d.STORE_IDAND a.TABLE_SCHEMA = ‘test’AND a.TABLE_NAME = ‘t’;27 将集群降级到指定版本 ( 在线降级 )
贡献者：@TiDBer_ 杨龟干外公
tiup cluster upgrade例如降级到 v4.0.0 版本：
tiup cluster upgrade tidb-test v4.0.0
28 查问表大小
贡献者：@我是咖啡哥
SELECTt.TABLE\_NAME,t.TABLE\_ROWS,t.TABLE\_TYPE,round(t.DATA\_LENGTH/1024/1024/1024,2) data\_GB,round(t.INDEX\_LENGTH/1024/1024/1024,2) index\_GB,t.CREATE\_OPTIONS,t.TABLE\_COMMENTFROMINFORMATION\_SCHEMA.`TABLES` tWHEREtable\_schema = 'test'and t.table\_type='BASE TABLE'order by t.TABLE\_ROWS desc;SELECT CONCAT(table\_schema,'.',table\_name) AS 'Table Name', table\_rows AS 'Number of Rows', CONCAT(ROUND(data\_length/(1024*1024*1024),4),'G') AS 'Data Size', CONCAT(ROUND(index\_length/(1024*1024*1024),4),'G') AS 'Index Size', CONCAT(ROUND((data\_length+index\_length)/(1024*1024*1024),4),'G') AS'Total' FROM information\_schema.TABLES WHERE table\_schema LIKE 'test';29 统计信息
贡献者：@我是咖啡哥
● 查看表的元数据
show stats\_meta where db\_name like '%sbtest%';
● 查看表的衰弱状态
show stats\_healthy;Healthy 字段，个别小于等于 60 的表须要做 analyze
show stats\_healthy where table\_name ='xxx';show stats\_healthy where db\_name='' and table\_name='orders';_name like ‘sbtest’ and table_name like ‘sbtest1’ ;● 查看直方图信息
show stats\_buckets where db\_name='' and table\_name='';● 查看 analyze 状态
show analyze status;● 剖析表、分区
analyze table sbtest1;ANALYZE TABLE xxx PARTITION P202204;30 执行打算
贡献者：@我是咖啡哥
绑定执行打算
● 默认是 session 级别
create binding for select \* from t using select \* from t use index()create binding for SELECT \* FROM t1 INNER JOIN t2 ON t1.id = t2.t1\_id WHERE t1.int\_col = ? using SELECT /\*+ INL\_JOIN(t1, t2) \*/ \* FROM t1 INNER JOIN t2 ON t1.id = t2.t1\_id WHERE t1.int\_col = ?;explain SELECT \* FROM t1 INNER JOIN t2 ON t1.id = t2.t1\_id WHERE t1.int\_col = 1;show bindings for SELECT \* FROM t1 INNER JOIN t2 ON t1.id = t2.t1\_id WHERE t1.int\_col = 1;show global bindings;show session bindings;SELECT @@SESSION.last\_plan\_from\_binding;● 应用 explain format = ‘verbose’ 语句查看 SQL 的执行打算
explain format = 'verbose';drop binding for sql;31 查看 regions
贡献者：@我是咖啡哥
SHOW TABLE t\_its\_unload\_priority\_intermediate\_info regions;SHOW TABLE t\_its\_unload\_priority\_intermediate\_info INDEX IDX\_UPII\_GROUP\_BY\_COMPOSITE regions;32 统计读写热点表
贡献者：@我是咖啡哥
use INFORMATION\_SCHEMA;SELECTdb\_name,table\_name,index\_name,type,sum( flow\_bytes ),count( 1 ),group\_concat( h.region\_id ),count( DISTINCT p.store\_id ),group\_concat( p.store\_id )FROMINFORMATION\_SCHEMA.tidb\_hot\_regions hJOIN INFORMATION\_SCHEMA.tikv\_region\_peers p ON h.region\_id = p.region\_idAND p.is\_leader = 1GROUP BYdb\_name,table\_name,index\_name,type;SELECTp.store\_id,sum(flow\_bytes ),count(1)FROMINFORMATION\_SCHEMA.tidb\_hot\_regions hJOIN INFORMATION\_SCHEMA.tikv\_region\_peers p ON h.region\_id = p.region\_idAND p.is\_leader = 1GROUP BYp.store\_idORDER BY2 DESC;select tidb\_decode\_plan();33 TiFlash
贡献者：@我是咖啡哥
ALTER TABLE t\_test\_time\_type SET TIFLASH REPLICA 1;SELECT \* FROM information\_schema.tiflash\_replica;select \* from information\_schema.CLUSTER\_HARDWARE where type='tiflash' and DEVICE\_TYPE='disk' and name='path';34 admin 命令
贡献者：@我是咖啡哥
admin show ddl jobs;ADMIN CHECK TABLE t_test;admin show slow ADMIN SHOW TELEMETRY;35 批改隔离参数
贡献者：@我是咖啡哥
● session 级别批改
Engine 隔离：默认：[“tikv”, “tidb”, “tiflash”] 因为 TiDB Dashboard 等组件须要读取一些存储于 TiDB 内存表区的零碎表，因而倡议实例级别 engine 配置中始终退出 “tidb” engine。
set session tidb\_isolation\_read\_engines = 'tiflash,tidb';set @@session.tidb\_isolation\_read\_engines = "tiflash,tidb";● 手工 Hint
select /\*+ read\_from\_storage(tiflash\[table\_name]) */ ... from table\_name;select /*+ read\_from\_storage(tiflash\[alias\_a,alias\_b]) \*/ ... from table\_name\_1 as alias\_a, table\_name\_2 as alias\_b where alias\_a.column\_1 = alias\_b.column\_2;set @@tidb\_allow\_mpp=1;show config where name like '%oom%' and type='tidb';admin show ddl;36 排错-查看日志
贡献者：@我是咖啡哥
SELECT \* FROM INFORMATION\_SCHEMA.CLUSTER\_LOG tWHERE time > '2022-08-09 00:00:00' AND time < '2022-08-10 00:00:00'AND TYPE in ('tikv')AND `LEVEL` = 'ERROR'ORDER BY time desc;37 查问所有节点所在 OS 的 CPU 以后使用率
贡献者：@人如其名
SELECT b.time, a.hostname, a.ip, a.types, b.cpu_used_percentFROM ( SELECT GROUP_CONCAT(TYPE) AS TYPES, SUBSTRING_INDEX(instance, ':', 1) AS ip, value AS hostname FROM information_schema.cluster_systeminfo WHERE name = 'kernel.hostname' GROUP BY ip, hostname ) a, ( SELECT time, SUBSTRING_INDEX(instance, ':', 1) AS ip,(100 - value) AS cpu_used_percent FROM metrics_schema.node_cpu_usage WHERE MODE = 'idle' AND time = NOW() ) bWHERE a.ip = b.ip输入示例：
+----------------------------+-----------------------+----------------+----------------------+--------------------+| time | hostname | ip | types | cpu_used_percent |+----------------------------+-----------------------+----------------+----------------------+--------------------+| 2023-01-10 22:40:15.000000 | localhost.localdomain | 192.168.31.201 | tidb,pd,tikv,tiflash | 11.438079153798114 |+----------------------------+-----------------------+----------------+----------------------+--------------------+1 row in set (0.04 sec)阐明：我这里所有类型组件只创立了有一个而且都在一个 os 上，所以只显示了一行。
38 清理 tidb 大量数据的脚本，实现删除百万级别以上的数据，而且不影响 tidb 失常应用
贡献者：@xingzhenxiang
date1=`date --date "7 days ago" +"%Y-%m-%d"`delete_db_sql=“delete from mysql_table where create_date_time<‘$date1’ limit 10000”i=0while ((++i)); doa=`/bin/mysql -uroot -p123456 -A mysql_database -h127.0.0.1 --comments -e "${delete_db_sql}" -vvv|grep "Query OK" |awk '{print $3}'`if(($a<1)); thenbreak 1fisleep 1printf “%-4d” $((i))感激以上 TiDBer 们奉献的 SQL 脚本～记得点赞珍藏，能够随时在你的集体收藏夹里查看到~
将来咱们将持续公布更多来自社区的精品内容，心愿能为大家提供更多有价值的信息和教训。如果您有任何感兴趣的话题，能够在下方留言，咱们会整顿相干的材料与大家分享哦！