【编者按】
本案中，原告Versata在其DCM软件中应用了被告XimpleWare依据GPLv2.0开源的XML软件中的局部代码，并将DCM软件销售给其客户Ameriprise等公司（下称“Versata客户原告”）应用。XimpleWare基于其领有的与XML软件相干的三项专利，向法院提出的诉讼主张之一是Versata客户原告应用DCM软件的行为形成专利间接侵权。在解决此争议点时法院指出，在Versata客户原告恪守GPLv2.0条款的前提下，GPLv2.0明确容许其对XML源代码进行纯正的应用；即便上游散发方Versata违反许可证条款，在Versata客户原告自身不违反GPLv2.0的状况下，其应用行为不会受到限制。若要指控Versata客户原告形成专利间接侵权，必须证实Versata客户原告在违反GPLv2.0条款的状况下进行了散发。但因为XimpleWare无奈举证证实Versata客户原告存在散发DCM软件（其中蕴含XML代码）的行为，法院驳回了XimpleWare该诉讼主张。从法院的阐述中可看出，单纯的“应用”行为并不触发GPLv2.0的条件，“散发”行为才是GPLv2.0条件的触发器。

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The Customer Defendants each move to dismiss XimpleWare's claims of direct
infringement on the basis that XimpleWare has failed to plead facts showing
distribution of the DCM software by any Customer Defendant.

涉案客户原告均提出动议，以XimpleWare未能提出事实证明任何涉案客户原告散发了DCM软件为由，申请驳回XimpleWare的间接侵权主张。

In dismissing XimpleWare's claims for direct infringement against the Customer
Defendants in the FAC, the court held that regardless of the actions of the
Versata Defendants, under the GPL the Customer Defendants each "retain the
right to use XimpleWare's software so long as the customer does not itself
breach the license by 'distributing' XimpleWare's software." Unchanged in the
SAC is XimpleWare's allegation that the Customer Defendants "infringe and
continue to willfully infringe the Patents by using the infringing Versata
products." As use is expressly permitted under the GPL, the court's conclusion
on this point is likewise unchanged: the SAC fails to state a claim for direct
infringement against the Customer Defendants based on their use of
XimpleWare's code included in the DCM software.

在驳回XimpleWare在FAC中对涉案客户原告提出的间接侵权主张时，法院认为，无论涉案Versata原告的行为如何，依据GPL，“只有客户自身不因‘散发’XimpleWare的软件而违反许可证”，则涉案客户原告都“保留应用XimpleWare软件的权力。”XimpleWare在SAC中依然保留对涉案客户原告“通过应用侵权的Versata产品进犯并继续成心进犯专利权”的指控。因为GPL明确容许应用行为，法院就这一点的论断依然没有扭转：SAC因涉案客户原告对蕴含在DCM软件中的XimpleWare代码应用行为而提出的间接侵权主张无奈失去反对。

While use is unrestricted under the GPL, distribution is not. The GPL permits
distribution only if the distributing party satisfies several specific
conditions, including among other things including copy of the GPL along with
the distributed program. The court previously held that XimpleWare had
adequately alleged the Customer Defendants failed to satisfy the conditions
for distribution of XimpleWare's software. Accordingly, the "only real issue
to resolve" was "whether XimpleWare has sufficiently alleged that its software
was 'distributed' by the customers when they shared the software with their
independent contractors, franchisees, and producers." The court further held
that XimpleWare had not, and dismissed its claims against the Customer
Defendants. However, the court granted XimpleWare leave to amend to cure this
defect.

尽管GPL不限度应用行为，但却对散发行为作出了限度。只有在散发方满足若干特定条件的状况下（包含随散发程序附上GPL的正本）GPL才容许散发。法院先前认为，XimpleWare已充沛指控涉案客户原告未能满足散发XimpleWare软件的条件。因而，“惟一真正须要解决的问题”是“XimpleWare是否充沛指控了客户在与其独立承包商、特许经营商和制造商共享软件时‘散发’了其软件”。法院进一步认为，XimpleWare没有就此进行充沛指控，因而驳回了其对涉案客户原告的诉讼请求。不过，法院准许XimpleWare修改起诉状以补救这一缺点。

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**

翻译： 薛杨洁

审校： 刘伟、郭雪雯

裁决英文原文：

https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/district-
courts/california/candce/5:2013cv05161/271648/142/

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**

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