良久前写了对于getStaticProps
和getStaticPaths
的内容,然而半年过来了源码解析就始终遗记了,不久前有人揭示才想起来,补下坑。
本文次要是解读下 getStaticProps
、getStaticPaths
相干的源码,不理解这两个 API
的倡议先看下之前的文章再看。
getStaticProps
首先 getStaticProps
是利用于 SSG
场景,咱们先看下 packages/next/server/render.tsx
中相干的代码:
const isSSG = !!getStaticProps;const pageIsDynamic = isDynamicRoute(pathname);if (isSSG && !isFallback) { let data: UnwrapPromise<ReturnType<GetStaticProps>>; try { data = await getStaticProps!({ ...(pageIsDynamic ? { params: query as ParsedUrlQuery } : undefined), ...(isPreview ? { preview: true, previewData: previewData } : undefined), locales: renderOpts.locales, locale: renderOpts.locale, defaultLocale: renderOpts.defaultLocale }); } catch (staticPropsError: any) { // .... } // ...}
isFallback
能够先不论。能够看到 getStaticProps
同样能够为异步函数,而是否为 SSG
就是由是否存在 getStaticProps
函数来决定的,SSG
场景下的 pageIsDynamic
则必须配合 getStaticPaths
应用,能够看到 getStaticProps
会接管几个参数:
params
是在动静页面的路由参数previewData
和preview: preview
模式的相干数据locales, locale
和defaultLocale
多语言相干参数
执行实现后 getStaticProps
的返回值会被放入 pageProps
中。
再看看 invalidKeys
相干局部,除了 revalidate
、props
、redirect
和 notFound
外别的属性都会被视为非法。
const invalidKeys = Object.keys(data).filter( key => key !== 'revalidate' && key !== 'props' && key !== 'redirect' && key !== 'notFound');if (invalidKeys.includes('unstable_revalidate')) { throw new Error(UNSTABLE_REVALIDATE_RENAME_ERROR);}if (invalidKeys.length) { throw new Error(invalidKeysMsg('getStaticProps', invalidKeys));}
而后还有对于 notFound
和 redirect
的解决:
if ('notFound' in data && data.notFound) { if (pathname === '/404') { throw new Error(`The /404 page can not return notFound in "getStaticProps", please remove it to continue!`); } (renderOpts as any).isNotFound = true;}if ('redirect' in data && data.redirect && typeof data.redirect === 'object') { checkRedirectValues(data.redirect as Redirect, req, 'getStaticProps'); if (isBuildTimeSSG) { throw new Error( `\`redirect\` can not be returned from getStaticProps during prerendering (${req.url})\n` + `See more info here: https://nextjs.org/docs/messages/gsp-redirect-during-prerender` ); } (data as any).props = { __N_REDIRECT: data.redirect.destination, __N_REDIRECT_STATUS: getRedirectStatus(data.redirect) }; if (typeof data.redirect.basePath !== 'undefined') { (data as any).props.__N_REDIRECT_BASE_PATH = data.redirect.basePath; } (renderOpts as any).isRedirect = true;}
notFound
会应用 renderOpts.isNotFound
来标识,而 redirect
则会在 props
中通过 __N_REDIRECT
相干的参数来进行标识。
当然这里省略很多的校验,比方 getStaticProps
和 getServerSideProps
抵触、getStaticPaths
的查看、notFound
和 redirect
不能同时存在等。
props.pageProps = Object.assign({}, props.pageProps, 'props' in data ? data.props : undefined);
而后其中还蕴含了一部分与 revalidate
相干的内容,次要是一些检测和值的解决,次要与 ISR
相干的此处先跳过。
getStaticPaths
getStaticPaths
的相干的调用源码次要在 packages/next/build/utils.ts
文件中的 buildStaticPaths
中,buildStaticPaths
会在两个时候被调用,一个是 next.js
构建的时候,第二个是 next.js
的 devServer
中。在 next.js
遇到动静路由时,会依照 buildStaticPaths
和 getStaticProps
来决定是否启用 SSG
模式,启用则会调用 buildStaticPaths
获取该动静路由所对应的须要构建的所有动态页面。
if (getStaticPaths) { staticPathsResult = await getStaticPaths({ locales, defaultLocale });}if (!staticPathsResult || typeof staticPathsResult !== 'object' || Array.isArray(staticPathsResult)) { throw new Error( `Invalid value returned from getStaticPaths in ${page}. Received ${typeof staticPathsResult} ${expectedReturnVal}` );}const invalidStaticPathKeys = Object.keys(staticPathsResult).filter(key => !(key === 'paths' || key === 'fallback'));if (invalidStaticPathKeys.length > 0) { throw new Error( `Extra keys returned from getStaticPaths in ${page} (${invalidStaticPathKeys.join(', ')}) ${expectedReturnVal}` );}if (!(typeof staticPathsResult.fallback === 'boolean' || staticPathsResult.fallback === 'blocking')) { throw new Error(`The \`fallback\` key must be returned from getStaticPaths in ${page}.\n` + expectedReturnVal);}const toPrerender = staticPathsResult.paths;if (!Array.isArray(toPrerender)) { throw new Error( `Invalid \`paths\` value returned from getStaticPaths in ${page}.\n` + `\`paths\` must be an array of strings or objects of shape { params: [key: string]: string }` );}
在 buildStaticPaths
第一局部是获取 getStaticPaths
的返回值,并对其返回值进行查看:
getStaticPaths
能够为async
办法getStaticPaths
承受两个参数:locales
和defaultLocale
- 返回值必须为
{paths: Array, fallback: boolean | 'blocking'}
构造
而在拿到 toPrerender
之后,next.js
会将其转换为 prerenderPaths
和 encodedPrerenderPaths
,这两个 set
的数据集基本一致,只是一个 path
为曾经被解码,一个没有,猜想是为了性能思考空间换工夫。
toPrerender.forEach(entry => { if (typeof entry === 'string') { entry = removeTrailingSlash(entry); const localePathResult = normalizeLocalePath(entry, locales); let cleanedEntry = entry; if (localePathResult.detectedLocale) { cleanedEntry = entry.slice(localePathResult.detectedLocale.length + 1); } else if (defaultLocale) { entry = `/${defaultLocale}${entry}`; } const result = _routeMatcher(cleanedEntry); if (!result) { throw new Error(`The provided path \`${cleanedEntry}\` does not match the page: \`${page}\`.`); } // If leveraging the string paths variant the entry should already be // encoded so we decode the segments ensuring we only escape path // delimiters prerenderPaths.add( entry .split('/') .map(segment => escapePathDelimiters(decodeURIComponent(segment), true)) .join('/') ); encodedPrerenderPaths.add(entry); } else { // ... }});
针对 string
类型的 entry
,简略的解决下语言、门路即可。
const _validParamKeys = Object.keys(_routeMatcher(page));if (typeof entry === 'string') { // ...} else { const invalidKeys = Object.keys(entry).filter(key => key !== 'params' && key !== 'locale'); if (invalidKeys.length) { throw new Error('...'); } const { params = {} } = entry; let builtPage = page; let encodedBuiltPage = page; _validParamKeys.forEach(validParamKey => { const { repeat, optional } = _routeRegex.groups[validParamKey]; let paramValue = params[validParamKey]; if ( optional && params.hasOwnProperty(validParamKey) && (paramValue === null || paramValue === undefined || (paramValue as any) === false) ) { paramValue = []; } if ((repeat && !Array.isArray(paramValue)) || (!repeat && typeof paramValue !== 'string')) { throw new Error('...'); } let replaced = `[${repeat ? '...' : ''}${validParamKey}]`; if (optional) { replaced = `[${replaced}]`; } builtPage = builtPage .replace( replaced, repeat ? (paramValue as string[]).map(segment => escapePathDelimiters(segment, true)).join('/') : escapePathDelimiters(paramValue as string, true) ) .replace(/(?!^)\/$/, ''); encodedBuiltPage = encodedBuiltPage .replace( replaced, repeat ? (paramValue as string[]).map(encodeURIComponent).join('/') : encodeURIComponent(paramValue as string) ) .replace(/(?!^)\/$/, ''); }); if (entry.locale && !locales?.includes(entry.locale)) { throw new Error('...'); } const curLocale = entry.locale || defaultLocale || ''; prerenderPaths.add(`${curLocale ? `/${curLocale}` : ''}${curLocale && builtPage === '/' ? '' : builtPage}`); encodedPrerenderPaths.add( `${curLocale ? `/${curLocale}` : ''}${curLocale && encodedBuiltPage === '/' ? '' : encodedBuiltPage}` );}
而对于 Object
类型的 entry
,则会先查看确保是 {params, locale}
构造,而后应用 params
对动静路由进行替换拼接。 _validParamKeys
是该动静路由页面中的参数的 key
数组。而后一样是门路和语言的解决。最终的返回值如下:
return { paths: [...prerenderPaths], fallback: staticPathsResult.fallback, encodedPaths: [...encodedPrerenderPaths]};
当须要时 next.js
就会应用这里的 paths
来生成对应的动态页面,从而实现动静路由的 SSG
。
总结
getStaticProps
、getStaticPaths
相干的源码其实大部分都是在解决对于数据查看、解决这类的事件,因为这两个 API
的指摘也都很简略:getStaticPaths
负责为动静路由的 SSG
场景提供页面列表,getStaticProps
则为 SSG
页面提供对应的页面数据。