Smartctl (Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology) 是 UNIX 和 Linux 等操作系统中的命令行工具，用于执行 SMART 工作，如打印 SMART 自检和谬误日志，启用和禁用 SMART 自动测试，设施自检。
Smartctl 在物理 Linux 服务器上很有用，能够查看智能磁盘的谬误和坏扇区，并提取无关硬件 RAID 前面应用的磁盘的信息。
装置 Smartctl
对于 Ubuntu 零碎
$ sudo apt-get install smartmontools对于 Redhat / CentOS 零碎
# yum install smartmontools启动Smartctl 服务
对于 Ubuntu 零碎
$ sudo /etc/init.d/smartmontools start对于 CentOS / RHEL 零碎
# service smartd start ; chkconfig smartd on(1) 查看硬盘是否开启 Smart Capability 性能
root@linuxtechi:~# smartctl -i /dev/sdbsmartctl 6.2 2013-07-26 r3841 [x86_64-linux-3.13.0-32-generic] (local build)Copyright (C) 2002-13, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===Model Family: Seagate Momentus 5400.6Device Model: ST9320325ASSerial Number: 5VD2V59TLU WWN Device Id: 5 000c50 020a37ec4Firmware Version: 0002BSM1User Capacity: 320,072,933,376 bytes [320 GB]Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physicalRotation Rate: 5400 rpmDevice is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]ATA Version is: ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 4SATA Version is: SATA 2.6, 1.5 Gb/sLocal Time is: Sun Nov 16 12:32:09 2014 ISTSMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.SMART support is: EnabledWhere ‘/dev/sdb’ is your hard disk. Last Two lines in above output shows that SMART capability is enable for the device.
(2) 启用硬盘的 Smart Capability
root@linuxtechi:~# smartctl -s on /dev/sdbsmartctl 6.2 2013-07-26 r3841 [x86_64-linux-3.13.0-32-generic] (local build)Copyright (C) 2002-13, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org=== START OF ENABLE/DISABLE COMMANDS SECTION ===SMART Enabled.(3) 禁用硬盘的 Smart Capability 性能
root@linuxtechi:~# smartctl -s off /dev/sdbsmartctl 6.2 2013-07-26 r3841 [x86_64-linux-3.13.0-32-generic] (local build)Copyright (C) 2002-13, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org=== START OF ENABLE/DISABLE COMMANDS SECTION ===SMART Disabled. Use option -s with argument 'on' to enable it.(4) 显示硬盘 Smart 的详细信息
root@linuxtechi:~# smartctl -a /dev/sdb // For IDE driveroot@linuxtechi:~# smartctl -a -d ata /dev/sdb // For SATA drive(5) 显示磁盘的整体健康情况
root@linuxtechi:~# smartctl -H /dev/sdbsmartctl 6.2 2013-07-26 r3841 [x86_64-linux-3.13.0-32-generic] (local build)Copyright (C) 2002-13, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSEDWarning: This result is based on an Attribute check.Please note the following marginal Attributes:ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 067 045 045 Old_age Always In_the_past 33 (Min/Max 25/33)(6) 应用多头和空头选项测试硬盘驱动器。
Long Test
root@linuxtechi:~# smartctl --test=long /dev/sdbsmartctl 6.2 2013-07-26 r3841 [x86_64-linux-3.13.0-32-generic] (local build)Copyright (C) 2002-13, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org=== START OF OFFLINE IMMEDIATE AND SELF-TEST SECTION ===Sending command: "Execute SMART Extended self-test routine immediately in off-line mode".Drive command "Execute SMART Extended self-test routine immediately in off-line mode" successful.Testing has begun.Please wait 102 minutes for test to complete.Test will complete after Sun Nov 16 14:29:43 2014Use smartctl -X to abort test.OR We can redirect test output to a log file , as shown below
root@linuxtechi:~# smartctl --test=long /dev/sdb > /var/log/long.textShort Test
root@linuxtechi:~# smartctl --test=short /dev/sdbsmartctl 6.2 2013-07-26 r3841 [x86_64-linux-3.13.0-32-generic] (local build)Copyright (C) 2002-13, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org=== START OF OFFLINE IMMEDIATE AND SELF-TEST SECTION ===Sending command: "Execute SMART Short self-test routine immediately in off-line mode".Drive command "Execute SMART Short self-test routine immediately in off-line mode" successful.Testing has begun.Please wait 1 minutes for test to complete.Test will complete after Sun Nov 16 12:51:45 2014Use smartctl -X to abort test.OR
root@linuxtechi:~# smartctl --test=short /dev/sdb > /var/log/short.text留神: 短测试最多须要 2 分钟，而长测试没有工夫限度，因为它读取和验证整个磁盘的每个段。
(7) 查看硬盘自检后果
root@linuxtechi:~# smartctl -l selftest /dev/sdbsmartctl 6.2 2013-07-26 r3841 [x86_64-linux-3.13.0-32-generic] (local build)Copyright (C) 2002-13, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error# 1 Short offline Completed: read failure 90% 492 210841222# 2 Extended offline Completed: read failure 90% 492 210841222(8) 估算执行测试的工夫
root@linuxtechi:~# smartctl -c /dev/sdbsmartctl 6.2 2013-07-26 r3841 [x86_64-linux-3.13.0-32-generic] (local build)Copyright (C) 2002-13, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===General SMART Values:Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity was never started. Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.Self-test execution status: ( 121) The previous self-test completed having the read element of the test failed.Total time to complete Offline data collection: ( 0) seconds.Offline data collectioncapabilities: (0x73) SMART execute Offline immediate. Auto Offline data collection on/off support. Suspend Offline collection upon new command. No Offline surface scan supported. Self-test supported. Conveyance Self-test supported. Selective Self-test supported.SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering power-saving mode. Supports SMART auto save timer.Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported. General Purpose Logging supported.Short self-test routine recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.Extended self-test routinerecommended polling time: ( 102) minutes.Conveyance self-test routinerecommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.SCT capabilities: (0x103b) SCT Status supported. SCT Error Recovery Control supported. SCT Feature Control supported. SCT Data Table supported.(9) 显示磁盘的谬误日志
root@linuxtechi:~# smartctl -l error /dev/sdbSample Outputsmartctl 6.2 2013-07-26 r3841 [x86_64-linux-3.13.0-32-generic] (local build)Copyright (C) 2002-13, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===SMART Error Log Version: 1ATA Error Count: 5 CR = Command Register [HEX] FR = Features Register [HEX] SC = Sector Count Register [HEX] SN = Sector Number Register [HEX] CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX] CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX] DH = Device/Head Register [HEX] DC = Device Command Register [HEX] ER = Error register [HEX] ST = Status register [HEX]Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed asDDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.Commands leading to the command that caused the error were: CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- -------------------- 25 da 08 e7 e5 a5 4c 00 00:30:44.515 READ DMA EXT 25 da 08 df e5 a5 4c 00 00:30:44.514 READ DMA EXT 25 da 80 5f e5 a5 4c 00 00:30:44.502 READ DMA EXT 25 da f0 5f e6 a5 4c 00 00:30:44.496 READ DMA EXT 25 da 10 4f e6 a5 4c 00 00:30:44.383 READ DMA EXT我的开源我的项目
- course-tencent-cloud（酷瓜云课堂 - gitee仓库）
- course-tencent-cloud（酷瓜云课堂 - github仓库）