一、主动配置的作用

1.将第三方的组件主动装载到IOC容器外面,不须要开发人员再去编写相干的配置,比如说咱们在pom.xml中增加启动器spring-boot-starter-data-redis之后,咱们就能够间接应用@Autowired来注入RedisTemplate,这就是主动配置的益处。
2.本文波及到@Import注解的应用、SpringFactories机制

二、主动配置的原理

1.首先他是通过启动类上的@SpringBootApplication实现的,其中蕴含两个注解@SpringBootConfiguration、@EnableAutoConfiguration,而@SpringBootConfiguration能够看做@Configuration注解,次要实现主动配置的注解是@EnableAutoConfiguration

2.应用@Import并定义AutoConfigurationImportSelector来实现批量注册(不晓得@Import作用的同学倡议查一下该注解),而后咱们点进去其中有个getAutoConfigurationEntry

public String[] selectImports(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {        if (!this.isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) {            return NO_IMPORTS;        } else {            AutoConfigurationImportSelector.AutoConfigurationEntry autoConfigurationEntry = this.getAutoConfigurationEntry(annotationMetadata);            return StringUtils.toStringArray(autoConfigurationEntry.getConfigurations());        }    }

3.进入该办法getCandidateConfigurations

protected AutoConfigurationImportSelector.AutoConfigurationEntry getAutoConfigurationEntry(AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {        if (!this.isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) {            return EMPTY_ENTRY;        } else {            AnnotationAttributes attributes = this.getAttributes(annotationMetadata);            List<String> configurations = this.getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata, attributes);            configurations = this.removeDuplicates(configurations);            Set<String> exclusions = this.getExclusions(annotationMetadata, attributes);            this.checkExcludedClasses(configurations, exclusions);            configurations.removeAll(exclusions);            configurations = this.getConfigurationClassFilter().filter(configurations);            this.fireAutoConfigurationImportEvents(configurations, exclusions);            return new AutoConfigurationImportSelector.AutoConfigurationEntry(configurations, exclusions);        }    }

4.能够看到他调用了SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames办法,最终调用该类的loadSpringFactories,该办法能够让ClassLoader读取所有的jar包下的META-INF/spring.factories下的文件信息,该文件蕴含了第三方jar包所提供的@Configuration配置类的全限定类名

    protected List<String> getCandidateConfigurations(AnnotationMetadata metadata, AnnotationAttributes attributes) {        List<String> configurations = SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(this.getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass(), this.getBeanClassLoader());        Assert.notEmpty(configurations, "No auto configuration classes found in META-INF/spring.factories. If you are using a custom packaging, make sure that file is correct.");        return configurations;    }

5.如在Spring-boot-autoconfigure模块的spring.factories中