在传统行业,用Excel做表比通过Python操作更加广泛,Excel也能够通过VBA实现报表自动化:自动更新数据,用公式/代码生成点评,通过Outlook主动群发邮件,嵌入代码的xlsm能够间接发送给其他人应用,无需打包成exe...于是企微机器人传值这种Python几行代码的事件也只能捏着鼻子上那么一百几十行VBA了。
本文代码解决流程中3个次要步骤:
- 将Excel工作表的指定区域保留为图片
- 获取保留的图片的MD5和Base64
- 将MD5和Base64组成json格局发送企微提供的Webhook
(一)保留图片示例代码
保留的图片有可能为空白,能够减少文件大小校验。
Public Function RangeToPic(Rng As Range) '应用以后文件所在门路作为输入门路 Pth = ActiveWorkbook.Path '应用【文件名_区域地址】作为输入文件名 Pnm = Left(ActiveWorkbook.Name, InStrRev(ActiveWorkbook.Name, ".") - 1) & "_" & Replace(Rng.Address(0, 0), ":", "_") '把抉择范畴内容转化为截屏图片信息 Rng.CopyPicture Appearance:=xlScreen, Format:=xlBitmap With ActiveSheet.ChartObjects.Add(0, 0, Rng.Width + 1, Rng.Height + 1).Chart .ChartArea.Border.LineStyle = 0 .Parent.Select .Paste .Export Pth & "\" & Pnm & ".png", "PNG" .Parent.Delete End WithEnd Function
(二)用VBA获取文件MD5
倡议封装为模块,调用MD5File(文件门路)
Option ExplicitType MD5_CTX dwNUMa As Long dwNUMb As Long Buffer(15) As Byte cIN(63) As Byte cDig(15) As ByteEnd TypePrivate Declare PtrSafe Sub MD5Init Lib "advapi32" (lpContext As MD5_CTX)Private Declare PtrSafe Sub MD5Final Lib "advapi32" (lpContext As MD5_CTX)Private Declare PtrSafe Sub MD5Update Lib "advapi32" (lpContext As MD5_CTX, ByRef lpBuffer As Any, ByVal BufSize As Long)Private stcContext As MD5_CTX'计算一个字符串(ANSI编码)的MD5码:输出字符串文本,返回MD5码(16字节的Byte数组)Public Function MD5String(strText As String) As Byte() Dim aBuffer() As Byte Call MD5Init(stcContext) If (Len(strText) > 0) Then aBuffer = StrConv(strText, vbFromUnicode) Call MD5Update(stcContext, aBuffer(0), UBound(aBuffer) + 1) Else Call MD5Update(stcContext, 0, 0) End If Call MD5Final(stcContext) MD5String = stcContext.cDigEnd Function'计算一个字节流的MD5码:输出Byte数组和长度(可选,默认计算整个长度),返回MD5码 (16字节的Byte数组)Public Function MD5Bytes(Buffer() As Byte, _ Optional ByVal size As Long = -1) As Byte() Dim U As Long, pBase As Long pBase = LBound(Buffer) U = UBound(Buffer) - pBase If (-1 = size) Then size = U + 1 Call MD5Init(stcContext) If (-1 = U) Then Call MD5Update(stcContext, 0, 0) Else Call MD5Update(stcContext, Buffer(pBase), size) End If Call MD5Final(stcContext) MD5Bytes = stcContext.cDigEnd Function'计算一个文件的MD5码:输出磁盘文件名(残缺门路),返回MD5码 (16字节的Byte数组)Public Function MD5File(ByVal FileName As String) As Byte() Const BUFFERSIZE As Long = 1024& * 512 ' 缓冲区 512KB Dim DataBuff() As Byte Dim lFileSize As Long Dim iFn As Long On Error GoTo E_Handle_MD5 If (Len(Dir$(FileName)) = 0) Then Err.Raise 5 '文件不存在 ReDim DataBuff(BUFFERSIZE - 1) iFn = FreeFile() Open FileName For Binary As #iFn lFileSize = LOF(iFn) Call MD5Init(stcContext) If (lFileSize = 0) Then Call MD5Update(stcContext, 0, 0) Else Do While (lFileSize > 0) Get iFn, , DataBuff If (lFileSize > BUFFERSIZE) Then Call MD5Update(stcContext, DataBuff(0), BUFFERSIZE) Else Call MD5Update(stcContext, DataBuff(0), lFileSize) End If lFileSize = lFileSize - BUFFERSIZE Loop End If Close iFn Call MD5Final(stcContext)E_Handle_MD5: MD5File = stcContext.cDigEnd Function
(三)用VBA获取图片Base64
调用EncodeFilebase64(文件门路)
Public Function EncodeFilebase64(strPicPath As String) As String Dim PicExtn As String, FLPath As String Dim StrPath As Variant Dim BSC As Long Dim fso As Object PicExtn = Split(strPicPath, ".")(1) '返回没有换行符的base64值 FLPath = Replace(strPicPath, PicExtn, ".txt") EncodeFilebase64 = Replace(EncodeFile(strPicPath), Chr(10), "")End FunctionPublic Function EncodeFile(strPicPath As String) As String Const adTypeBinary = 1 Dim objXML Dim objDocElem Dim objStream Set objStream = CreateObject("ADODB.Stream") objStream.Type = adTypeBinary objStream.Open objStream.LoadFromFile (strPicPath) Set objXML = CreateObject("MSXml2.DOMDocument") Set objDocElem = objXML.createElement("Base64Data") objDocElem.DataType = "bin.base64" objDocElem.nodeTypedValue = objStream.Read() EncodeFile = objDocElem.text Set objXML = Nothing Set objDocElem = Nothing Set objStream = NothingEnd Function
(四)通过VBA调用企业微信群机器人
将图片组建成json格局传值给机器人函数,而后间接发送
Public Function BotPic(Picname As String, url As String, Optional PicPth As String) As String Dim params As String, ibase64 As String, imd5 As String Dim strPicPath As String '输出的PicPth为空则应用以后文件所在门路作为门路 If PicPth = "" Then PicPth = ActiveWorkbook.Path strPicPath = PicPth & "\" & Picname & ".jpg" '获取base64转码 ibase64 = EncodeFilebase64(strPicPath) '获取MD5转码 Call MD5File(strPicPath) imd5 = LCase(GetMD5Text()) '发送内容构建成json格局 para1 = "{""msgtype"":""image"",""image"":{""base64"":""" para2 = """,""md5"":""" para3 = """}}" params = para1 & ibase64 & para2 & imd5 & para3 BotPic = HttpRequest(url, "POST", params)End Function