Ubuntu 20.04 零碎初始化平安加固
形容: 实用于企业外部 Ubuntu 系列服务器操作系统初始化、系统安全加固脚本，内容蕴含了，网络初始化设置，软件更新源替换以及内核版本升级 ,工夫时区初始化设置 系统安全加固(等保三级操作系统主机查看项) 平安运维设置 零碎内核参数 常用软件装置等 一系列的操作间接开箱即用, 将跑过该脚本的机器能够克隆成为作为线上生产环境的基线模板。
原文链接: 残缺的Windows与Linux服务器系统安全加固实际和基线检测脚本（等保2.0）( https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/CD... )
脚本实用阐明:
Ubuntu 20.04 (已测试)
Ubuntu 18.04 (局部实用)
Ubuntu 平安加固成果
我的项目地址: https://github.com/WeiyiGeek/...
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Ubuntu TLS Security Initiate
Link: https://github.com/WeiyiGeek/...
舒适提醒: 应用脚本时请依照你的需要调用相应函数即可，默认未调用任何函数。
#!/bin/bash# @Author: WeiyiGeek# @Description: Ubuntu TLS Security Initiate# @Create Time: 2019年9月1日 16:43:33# @Last Modified time: 2021-11-15 11:06:31# @E-mail: master@weiyigeek.top# @Blog: https://www.weiyigeek.top# @wechat: WeiyiGeeker# @Github: https://github.com/WeiyiGeek/SecOpsDev/tree/master/OS-操作系统/Linux/# @Version: 3.3#-------------------------------------------------## 脚本次要性能阐明:# (1) Ubuntu 零碎初始化操作包含IP地址设置、根底软件包更新以及装置加固。# (2) Ubuntu 零碎容器以及JDK相干环境装置。# (3) Ubuntu 零碎中异样谬误日志解决。# (4) Ubuntu 零碎惯例服务装置配置，退出数据备份目录。# (5) Ubuntu 脚本谬误优化、增加禁用cloud-init#-------------------------------------------------### 零碎全局变量定义HOSTNAME=Ubuntu-Security-TemplateIP=192.168.1.2GATEWAY=192.168.1.1DNSIP=("223.5.5.5" "223.6.6.6")SSHPORT=20211DefaultUser="WeiyiGeek" # 零碎创立的用户名称非root用户ROOTPASS=WeiyiGeek # 明码倡议12位以上且蕴含数字、大小写字母以及特殊字符。APPPASS=WeiyiGeek## 名称: err 、info 、warning## 用处：全局Log信息打印函数## 参数: $@log::err() { printf "[$(date +'%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S')]: \033[31mERROR: $@ \033[0m\n"}log::info() { printf "[$(date +'%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S')]: \033[32mINFO: $@ \033[0m\n"}log::warning() { printf "[$(date +'%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S')]: \033[33mWARNING: $@ \033[0m\n"}## 名称: os::Network## 用处: 网络配置相干操作脚本包含(IP地址批改)## 参数: 无os::Network () { log::info "[-] 操作系统网络配置相干脚本,开始执行....."# (1) IP地址与主机名称设置sudo cp /etc/netplan/00-installer-config.yaml{,.bak}mkdir /opt/init/sudo tee /opt/init/network.sh <<'EOF'#!/bin/bashCURRENT_IP=$(hostname -I | cut -f 1 -d " ")GATEWAY=$(hostname -I | cut -f 1,2,3 -d ".")if [[ $# -lt 3 ]];then echo "Usage: $0 IP Gateway Hostname" exitfiecho "IP:${1} # GATEWAY:${2} # HOSTNAME:${3}"sudo sed -i "s#${CURRENT_IP}#${1}#g" /etc/netplan/00-installer-config.yamlsudo sed -i "s#${GATEWAY}.1#${2}#g" /etc/netplan/00-installer-config.yamlsudo hostnamectl set-hostname ${3} sudo netplan applyEOFsudo chmod +x /opt/init/network.sh# (2) 本地主机名解析设置sed -i "s/127.0.1.1\s.\w.*$/127.0.1.1 ${HOSTNAME}/g" /etc/hostsgrep -q "^\$(hostname -I)\s.\w.*$" /etc/hosts && sed -i "s/\$(hostname -I)\s.\w.*$/${IPADDR} ${HOSTNAME}" /etc/hosts || echo "${IPADDR} ${HOSTNAME}" >> /etc/hosts# (3) 零碎DNS域名解析服务设置cp -a /etc/resolv.conf{,.bak}for dns in ${DNSIP[@]};do echo "nameserver ${dns}" >> /etc/resolv.conf;donesudo /opt/init/network.sh ${IP} ${GATEWAY} ${HOSTNAME}log::info "[*] network configure modifiy successful! restarting Network........."}## 名称: os::Software## 用处: 操作系统软件包治理及更新源配置## 参数: 无os::Software () { log::info "[-] 操作系统软件包治理及更新源配置相干脚本,开始执行....."# (1) 卸载多余软件，例如 snap 软件及其服务sudo systemctl stop snapd snapd.socket #进行snapd相干的过程服务sudo apt autoremove --purge -y snapdsudo systemctl daemon-reloadsudo rm -rf ~/snap /snap /var/snap /var/lib/snapd /var/cache/snapd /run/snapd# (2) 软件源设置与零碎更新sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list{,.bak}sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list <<'EOF'#阿里云Mirrors - Ubuntudeb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-security main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ focal-backports main restricted universe multiverseEOF# (3) 内核版本升级以及惯例软件装置sudo apt autoclean && sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -ysudo apt install -y nano vim git unzip wget ntpdate dos2unix net-tools tree htop ncdu nload sysstat psmisc bash-completion fail2ban gcc g++ make jq nfs-common rpcbind libpam-cracklib# (4) 代理形式进行更新# sudo apt autoclean && sudo apt -o Acquire::http::proxy="http://proxy.weiyigeek.top/" update && sudo apt -o Acquire::http::proxy="http://proxy.weiyigeek.top" upgrade -y# sudo apt install -o Acquire::http::proxy="http://proxy.weiyigeek.top/" -y nano vim git unzip wget ntpdate dos2unix net-tools tree htop ncdu nload sysstat psmisc bash-completion fail2ban}## 名称: os::TimedataZone## 用处: 操作系统工夫与时区同步配置## 参数: 无os::TimedataZone () { log::info "[*] 操作系统零碎工夫时区配置相干脚本,开始执行....."# (1) 工夫同步服务端容器(可选也能够用内部ntp服务器) : docker run -d --rm --cap-add SYS_TIME -e ALLOW_CIDR=0.0.0.0/0 -p 123:123/udp geoffh1977/chronyecho "同步前的工夫: $(date -R)"# 形式1.Chrony 客户端配置apt install -y chronygrep -q "192.168.12.254" /etc/chrony/chrony.conf || sudo tee -a /etc/chrony/chrony.conf <<'EOF'pool 192.168.10.254 iburst maxsources 1pool 192.168.12.254 iburst maxsources 1pool 192.168.4.254 iburst maxsources 1pool ntp.aliyun.com iburst maxsources 4keyfile /etc/chrony/chrony.keysdriftfile /var/lib/chrony/chrony.driftlogdir /var/log/chronymaxupdateskew 100.0rtcsync# 容许跳跃式校时 如果在前 3 次校时中时间差大于 1.0smakestep 1 3EOFsystemctl enable chrony && systemctl restart chrony && systemctl status chrony -l# 形式2# sudo ntpdate 192.168.10.254 || sudo ntpdate 192.168.12.215 || sudo ntpdate ntp1.aliyun.com# 形式3# echo 'NTP=192.168.10.254 192.168.4.254' >> /etc/systemd/timesyncd.conf# echo 'FallbackNTP=ntp.aliyun.com' >> /etc/systemd/timesyncd.conf# systemctl restart systemd-timesyncd.service# (2) 时区与地区设置: sudo cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtimesudo timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai# sudo dpkg-reconfigure tzdata # 批改确认# sudo bash -c "echo 'Asia/Shanghai' > /etc/timezone" # 与上一条命令一样# 将以后的 UTC 工夫写入硬件时钟 (硬件工夫默认为UTC)sudo timedatectl set-local-rtc 0# 启用NTP工夫同步：sudo timedatectl set-ntp yes# 校准工夫服务器-工夫同步(举荐应用chronyc进行平滑同步)sudo chronyc tracking# 手动校准-强制更新工夫# chronyc -a makestep# 零碎时钟同步硬件时钟# sudo hwclock --systohcsudo hwclock -w# (3) 重启依赖于零碎工夫的服务sudo systemctl restart rsyslog.service cron.servicelog::info "[*] Tie confmigure modifiy successful! restarting chronyd rsyslog.service crond.service........."timedatectl}## 名称: os::Security## 用处: 操作系统平安加固配置脚本(合乎等保要求-三级要求)## 参数: 无os::Security () { log::info "正在进行->操作系统平安加固(合乎等保要求-三级要求)配置"# (0) 零碎用户核查配置 log::info "[-] 锁定或者删除多余的零碎账户以及创立低权限用户"userdel -r lxdgroupdel lxddefaultuser=(root daemon bin sys games man lp mail news uucp proxy www-data backup list irc gnats nobody systemd-network systemd-resolve systemd-timesync messagebus syslog _apt tss uuidd tcpdump landscape pollinate usbmux sshd systemd-coredump _chrony)for i in $(cat /etc/passwd | cut -d ":" -f 1,7);do flag=0; name=${i%%:*}; terminal=${i##*:} if [[ "${terminal}" == "/bin/bash" || "${terminal}" == "/bin/sh" ]];then log::warning "${i} 用户，shell终端为 /bin/bash 或者 /bin/sh" fi for j in ${defaultuser[@]};do if [[ "${name}" == "${j}" ]];then flag=1 break; fi done if [[ $flag -eq 0 ]];then log::warning "${i} 非默认用户" fidonecp /etc/shadow /etc/shadow-`date +%Y%m%d`.bakpasswd -l adm&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l daemon&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l bin&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l sys&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l lp&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l uucp&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l nuucp&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l smmsplp&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l mail&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l operator&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l games&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l gopher&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l ftp&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l nobody&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l nobody4&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l noaccess&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l listen&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l webservd&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l rpm&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l dbus&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l avahi&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l mailnull&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l nscd&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l vcsa&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l rpc&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l rpcuser&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l nfs&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l sshd&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l pcap&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l ntp&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l haldaemon&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l distcache&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l webalizer&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l squid&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l xfs&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l gdm&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l sabayon&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; passwd -l named&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null# (2) 用户明码设置和口令策略设置 log::info "[-] 配置满足策略的root管理员明码 "echo ${ROOTPASS} | passwd --stdin rootlog::info "[-] 配置满足策略的app普通用户明码(依据需要配置)"groupadd applicationuseradd -m -s /bin/bash -c "application primary user" -g application app echo ${APPPASS} | passwd --stdin app log::info "[-] 强制用户在下次登录时更改明码 "chage -d 0 -m 0 -M 90 -W 15 root && passwd --expire root chage -d 0 -m 0 -M 90 -W 15 ${DefaultUser} && passwd --expire ${DefaultUser} chage -d 0 -m 0 -M 90 -W 15 app && passwd --expire app log::info "[-] 用户口令复杂性策略设置 (明码过期周期0~90、到期前15天提醒、明码长度至多15、复杂度设置至多有一个大小写、数字、特殊字符、明码三次不能一样、尝试次数为三次)"egrep -q "^\s*PASS_MIN_DAYS\s+\S*(\s*#.*)?\s*$" /etc/login.defs && sed -ri "s/^(\s*)PASS_MIN_DAYS\s+\S*(\s*#.*)?\s*$/\PASS_MIN_DAYS 0/" /etc/login.defs || echo "PASS_MIN_DAYS 0" >> /etc/login.defsegrep -q "^\s*PASS_MAX_DAYS\s+\S*(\s*#.*)?\s*$" /etc/login.defs && sed -ri "s/^(\s*)PASS_MAX_DAYS\s+\S*(\s*#.*)?\s*$/\PASS_MAX_DAYS 90/" /etc/login.defs || echo "PASS_MAX_DAYS 90" >> /etc/login.defsegrep -q "^\s*PASS_WARN_AGE\s+\S*(\s*#.*)?\s*$" /etc/login.defs && sed -ri "s/^(\s*)PASS_WARN_AGE\s+\S*(\s*#.*)?\s*$/\PASS_WARN_AGE 15/" /etc/login.defs || echo "PASS_WARN_AGE 15" >> /etc/login.defsegrep -q "^\s*PASS_MIN_LEN\s+\S*(\s*#.*)?\s*$" /etc/login.defs && sed -ri "s/^(\s*)PASS_MIN_LEN\s+\S*(\s*#.*)?\s*$/\PASS_MIN_LEN 15/" /etc/login.defs || echo "PASS_MIN_LEN 15" >> /etc/login.defsegrep -q "^password\s.+pam_cracklib.so\s+\w+.*$" /etc/pam.d/common-password && sed -ri '/^password\s.+pam_cracklib.so/{s/pam_cracklib.so\s+\w+.*$/pam_cracklib.so retry=3 minlen=15 ucredit=-1 lcredit=-1 dcredit=-1 ocredit=-1 difok=1/g;}' /etc/pam.d/common-passwordegrep -q "^password\s.+pam_unix.so\s+\w+.*$" /etc/pam.d/common-password && sed -ri '/^password\s.+pam_unix.so/{s/pam_unix.so\s+\w+.*$/pam_unix.so obscure use_authtok try_first_pass sha512 remember=3/g;}' /etc/pam.d/common-password log::info "[-] 存储用户明码的文件，其内容通过sha512加密，所以十分留神其权限"touch /etc/security/opasswd && chown root:root /etc/security/opasswd && chmod 600 /etc/security/opasswd # (3) 用户sudo权限以及重要目录和文件的权限设置 log::info "[-] 用户sudo权限以及重要目录和文件的新建默认权限设置"# 如uBuntu装置时您创立的用户 WeiyiGeek 避免间接通过 sudo passwd 批改root明码(此时必须要求输出WeiyiGeek明码后才可批改root明码)# Tips: Sudo容许受权用户权限以另一个用户（通常是root用户）的身份运行程序, # DefaultUser="weiyigeek"sed -i "/# Members of the admin/i ${DefaultUser} ALL=(ALL) PASSWD:ALL" /etc/sudoers log::info "[-] 配置用户 umask 为022 "egrep -q "^\s*umask\s+\w+.*$" /etc/profile && sed -ri "s/^\s*umask\s+\w+.*$/umask 022/" /etc/profile || echo "umask 022" >> /etc/profileegrep -q "^\s*umask\s+\w+.*$" /etc/bash.bashrc && sed -ri "s/^\s*umask\s+\w+.*$/umask 022/" /etc/bashrc || echo "umask 022" >> /etc/bash.bashrc# log::info "[-] 设置用户目录创立默认权限, (初始为077比拟严格)，在设置 umask 为022 及 777 - 022 "# egrep -q "^\s*(umask|UMASK)\s+\w+.*$" /etc/login.defs && sed -ri "s/^\s*(umask|UMASK)\s+\w+.*$/UMASK 022/" /etc/login.defs || echo "UMASK 022" >> /etc/login.defs log::info "[-] 设置或复原重要目录和文件的权限"chmod 755 /etc; chmod 777 /tmp; chmod 700 /etc/inetd.conf&>/dev/null 2&>/dev/null; chmod 755 /etc/passwd; chmod 755 /etc/shadow; chmod 644 /etc/group; chmod 755 /etc/security; chmod 644 /etc/services; chmod 750 /etc/rc*.dchmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys log::info "[-] 删除潜在威逼文件 "find / -maxdepth 3 -name hosts.equiv | xargs rm -rffind / -maxdepth 3 -name .netrc | xargs rm -rffind / -maxdepth 3 -name .rhosts | xargs rm -rf# (4) SSHD 服务平安加固设置log::info "[-] sshd 服务平安加固设置"# 严格模式sudo egrep -q "^\s*StrictModes\s+.+$" /etc/ssh/sshd_config && sed -ri "s/^(#)?\s*StrictModes\s+.+$/StrictModes yes/" /etc/ssh/sshd_config || echo "StrictModes yes" >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config# 监听端口更改if [ -e ${SSHPORT} ];then export SSHPORT=20211;fisudo egrep -q "^\s*Port\s+.+$" /etc/ssh/sshd_config && sed -ri "s/^(#)?\s*Port\s+.+$/Port ${SSHPORT}/" /etc/ssh/sshd_config || echo "Port ${SSHPORT}" >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config# 禁用X11转发以及端口转发sudo egrep -q "^\s*X11Forwarding\s+.+$" /etc/ssh/sshd_config && sed -ri "s/^(#)?\s*X11Forwarding\s+.+$/X11Forwarding no/" /etc/ssh/sshd_config || echo "X11Forwarding no" >> /etc/ssh/sshd_configsudo egrep -q "^\s*X11UseLocalhost\s+.+$" /etc/ssh/sshd_config && sed -ri "s/^(#)?\s*X11UseLocalhost\s+.+$/X11UseLocalhost yes/" /etc/ssh/sshd_config || echo "X11UseLocalhost yes" >> /etc/ssh/sshd_configsudo egrep -q "^\s*AllowTcpForwarding\s+.+$" /etc/ssh/sshd_config && sed -ri "s/^(#)?\s*AllowTcpForwarding\s+.+$/AllowTcpForwarding no/" /etc/ssh/sshd_config || echo "AllowTcpForwarding no" >> /etc/ssh/sshd_configsudo egrep -q "^\s*AllowAgentForwarding\s+.+$" /etc/ssh/sshd_config && sed -ri "s/^(#)?\s*AllowAgentForwarding\s+.+$/AllowAgentForwarding no/" /etc/ssh/sshd_config || echo "AllowAgentForwarding no" >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config# 敞开禁用用户的 .rhosts 文件 ~/.ssh/.rhosts 来做为认证: 缺省IgnoreRhosts yes egrep -q "^(#)?\s*IgnoreRhosts\s+.+$" /etc/ssh/sshd_config && sed -ri "s/^(#)?\s*IgnoreRhosts\s+.+$/IgnoreRhosts yes/" /etc/ssh/sshd_config || echo "IgnoreRhosts yes" >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config# 禁止root近程登录（举荐配置-依据需要配置）egrep -q "^\s*PermitRootLogin\s+.+$" /etc/ssh/sshd_config && sed -ri "s/^\s*PermitRootLogin\s+.+$/PermitRootLogin no/" /etc/ssh/sshd_config || echo "PermitRootLogin no" >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config# 登陆前后欢送提醒设置egrep -q "^\s*(banner|Banner)\s+\W+.*$" /etc/ssh/sshd_config && sed -ri "s/^\s*(banner|Banner)\s+\W+.*$/Banner \/etc\/issue/" /etc/ssh/sshd_config || \echo "Banner /etc/issue" >> /etc/ssh/sshd_configlog::info "[-] 近程SSH登录前后提醒正告Banner设置"# SSH登录前正告Bannersudo tee /etc/issue <<'EOF'****************** [ 平安登陆 (Security Login) ] *****************Authorized only. All activity will be monitored and reported.By Security Center.EOF# SSH登录后提醒Bannersed -i '/^fi/a\\n\necho "\\e[1;37;41;5m################## 平安运维 (Security Operation) ####################\\e[0m"\necho "\\e[32mLogin success. Please execute the commands and operation data carefully.By WeiyiGeek.\\e[0m"' /etc/update-motd.d/00-header# (5) 用户近程登录失败次数与终端超时设置 log::info "[-] 用户近程间断登录失败10次锁定帐号5分钟包含root账号"sed -ri "/^\s*auth\s+required\s+pam_tally2.so\s+.+(\s*#.*)?\s*$/d" /etc/pam.d/sshd sed -ri '2a auth required pam_tally2.so deny=10 unlock_time=300 even_deny_root root_unlock_time=300' /etc/pam.d/sshd # 宿主机控制台登陆(可选)# sed -ri "/^\s*auth\s+required\s+pam_tally2.so\s+.+(\s*#.*)?\s*$/d" /etc/pam.d/login# sed -ri '2a auth required pam_tally2.so deny=5 unlock_time=300 even_deny_root root_unlock_time=300' /etc/pam.d/login log::info "[-] 设置登录超时工夫为10分钟 "egrep -q "^\s*(export|)\s*TMOUT\S\w+.*$" /etc/profile && sed -ri "s/^\s*(export|)\s*TMOUT.\S\w+.*$/export TMOUT=600\nreadonly TMOUT/" /etc/profile || echo -e "export TMOUT=600\nreadonly TMOUT" >> /etc/profileegrep -q "^\s*.*ClientAliveInterval\s\w+.*$" /etc/ssh/sshd_config && sed -ri "s/^\s*.*ClientAliveInterval\s\w+.*$/ClientAliveInterval 600/" /etc/ssh/sshd_config || echo "ClientAliveInterval 600" >> /etc/ssh/sshd_config# (5) 切换用户日志记录或者切换命令更改(可选) log::info "[-] 切换用户日志记录和切换命令更改名称为SU "egrep -q "^(\s*)SULOG_FILE\s+\S*(\s*#.*)?\s*$" /etc/login.defs && sed -ri "s/^(\s*)SULOG_FILE\s+\S*(\s*#.*)?\s*$/\SULOG_FILE \/var\/log\/.history\/sulog/" /etc/login.defs || echo "SULOG_FILE /var/log/.history/sulog" >> /etc/login.defsegrep -q "^\s*SU_NAME\s+\S*(\s*#.*)?\s*$" /etc/login.defs && sed -ri "s/^(\s*)SU_NAME\s+\S*(\s*#.*)?\s*$/\SU_NAME SU/" /etc/login.defs || echo "SU_NAME SU" >> /etc/login.defsmkdir -vp /usr/local/bin /var/log/.backups /var/log/.history /var/log/.history/sulogcp /usr/bin/su /var/log/.backups/su.bakmv /usr/bin/su /usr/bin/SU# 只能写入不能删除其目标目录中的文件# chmod -R 1777 /var/log/.historychattr -R +a /var/log/.history chattr +a /var/log/.backups# (6) 用户终端执行的历史命令记录log::info "[-] 用户终端执行的历史命令记录 "egrep -q "^HISTSIZE\W\w+.*$" /etc/profile && sed -ri "s/^HISTSIZE\W\w+.*$/HISTSIZE=101/" /etc/profile || echo "HISTSIZE=101" >> /etc/profile# 形式1sudo tee /etc/profile.d/history-record.sh <<'EOF'# 历史命令执行记录文件门路LOGTIME=$(date +%Y%m%d-%H-%M-%S)export HISTFILE="/var/log/.history/${USER}.${LOGTIME}.history"if [ ! -f ${HISTFILE} ];then touch ${HISTFILE}fichmod 600 /var/log/.history/${USER}.${LOGTIME}.history# 历史命令执行文件大小记录设置HISTFILESIZE=128HISTTIMEFORMAT="%F_%T $(whoami)#$(who -u am i 2>/dev/null| awk '{print $NF}'|sed -e 's/[()]//g'):"EOF# 形式2.未能胜利(如后续有小伙伴胜利了欢送留言分享)# sudo tee /usr/local/bin/history.sh <<'EOF'# #!/bin/bash# logfiletime=$(date +%Y%m%d-%H-%M-%S)# # unalias "history"# if [ $# -eq 0 ];then history;fi# for i in $*;do# if [ "$i" = "-c" ];then # mv ~/.bash_history > /var/log/.history/${logfiletime}.history# history -c# continue;# fi# done# alias history="source /usr/local/bin/history.sh"# EOF# (7) GRUB 平安设置 （须要手动设置请依照需要设置） log::info "[-] 零碎 GRUB 平安设置(避免物理接触从grub菜单中批改明码) "# Grub 要害文件备份cp -a /etc/grub.d/00_header /var/log/.backups cp -a /etc/grub.d/10_linux /var/log/.backups # 设置Grub菜单界面显示工夫sed -i -e 's|GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE=hidden|#GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE=hidden|g' -e 's|GRUB_TIMEOUT=0|GRUB_TIMEOUT=3|g' /etc/default/grubsed -i -e 's|set timeout_style=${style}|#set timeout_style=${style}|g' -e 's|set timeout=${timeout}|set timeout=3|g' /etc/grub.d/00_header# 创立认证明码 (此处明码: WeiyiGeek)sudo grub-mkpasswd-pbkdf2# Enter password:# Reenter password:# PBKDF2 hash of your password is grub.pbkdf2.sha512.10000.21AC9CEF61B96972BF6F918D2037EFBEB8280001045ED32DFDDCC260591CC6BC8957CF25A6755904A7053E97940A9E4CD5C1EF833C1651C1BCF09D899BED4C7C.9691521F5BB34CD8AEFCED85F4B830A86EC93B61A31885BCBE3FEE927D54EFDEE69FA8B51DBC00FCBDB618D4082BC22B2B6BA4161C7E6B990C4E5CFC9E9748D7# 设置认证用户以及password_pbkdf2认证tee -a /etc/grub.d/00_header <<'END'cat <<'EOF'# GRUB Authenticationset superusers="grub"password_pbkdf2 grub grub.pbkdf2.sha512.10000.21AC9CEF61B96972BF6F918D2037EFBEB8280001045ED32DFDDCC260591CC6BC8957CF25A6755904A7053E97940A9E4CD5C1EF833C1651C1BCF09D899BED4C7C.9691521F5BB34CD8AEFCED85F4B830A86EC93B61A31885BCBE3FEE927D54EFDEE69FA8B51DBC00FCBDB618D4082BC22B2B6BA4161C7E6B990C4E5CFC9E9748D7EOFEND# 设置进入正式零碎不须要认证如进入单用户模式进行重置账号密码时须要进行认证。 （高敏感数据库系统不倡议下述操作）# 在191和193 别离退出--user=grub 和 --unrestricted# 191 echo "menuentry --user=grub '$(echo "$title" | grub_quote)' ${CLASS} \$menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-$version-$type-$boot_device_id' {" | sed "s/^/$submenu_indentation/" # 如果按e进行menu菜单则须要用grub进行认证# 192 else# 193 echo "menuentry --unrestricted '$(echo "$os" | grub_quote)' ${CLASS} \$menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-simple-$boot_device_id' {" | sed "s/^/$submenu_indentation/" # 失常进入零碎则不认证sed -i '/echo "$title" | grub_quote/ { s/menuentry /menuentry --user=grub /;}' /etc/grub.d/10_linuxsed -i '/echo "$os" | grub_quote/ { s/menuentry /menuentry --unrestricted /;}' /etc/grub.d/10_linux# Ubuntu 形式更新GRUB从而生成boot启动文件。update-grub# (8) 操作系统防火墙启用以及策略设置 log::info "[-] 零碎防火墙启用以及规定设置 "systemctl enable ufw.service && systemctl start ufw.service && ufw enablesudo ufw allow proto tcp to any port 20211# 重启批改配置相干服务systemctl restart sshd}## 名称: os::Operation ## 用处: 操作系统平安运维设置## 参数: 无os::Operation () { log::info "[-] 操作系统平安运维设置相干脚本"# (0) 禁用ctrl+alt+del组合键对系统重启 (必须要配置,我曾入过坑) log::info "[-] 禁用控制台ctrl+alt+del组合键重启"mv /usr/lib/systemd/system/ctrl-alt-del.target /var/log/.backups/ctrl-alt-del.target-$(date +%Y%m%d).bak# (1) 设置文件删除回收站别名 log::info "[-] 设置文件删除回收站别名(避免误删文件) "sudo tee /etc/profile.d/alias.sh <<'EOF'# User specific aliases and functions# 删除回收站# find ~/.trash -delete# 删除空目录# find ~/.trash -type d -deletealias rm="sh /usr/local/bin/remove.sh"EOFsudo tee /usr/local/bin/remove.sh <<'EOF'#!/bin/sh# 定义回收站文件夹目录.trashtrash="/.trash"deltime=$(date +%Y%m%d-%H-%M-%S)TRASH_DIR="${HOME}${trash}/${deltime}"# 建设回收站目录当不存在的时候if [ ! -e ${TRASH_DIR} ];then mkdir -p ${TRASH_DIR}fifor i in $*;do if [ "$i" = "-rf" ];then continue;fi # 避免误操作 if [ "$i" = "/" ];then echo '# Danger delete command, Not delete / directory!';exit -1;fi #定义秒工夫戳 STAMP=$(date +%s) #失去文件名称(非文件夹)，参考man basename fileName=$(basename $i) #将输出的参数，对应文件mv至.trash目录，文件后缀，为以后的工夫戳 mv $i ${TRASH_DIR}/${fileName}.${STAMP}doneEOFsudo chmod +775 /usr/local/bin/remove.sh /etc/profile.d/alias.sh /etc/profile.d/history-record.shsudo chmod a+x /usr/local/bin/remove.sh /etc/profile.d/alias.sh /etc/profile.d/history-record.shsource /etc/profile.d/alias.sh /etc/profile.d/history-record.sh# (2) 解决一般定时工作无奈后盾定时执行log::info "[-] 解决一般定时工作无奈后盾定时执行 "linenumber=`expr $(egrep -n "pam_unix.so\s$" /etc/pam.d/common-session-noninteractive | cut -f 1 -d ":") - 2`sudo sed -ri "${linenumber}a session [success=1 default=ignore] pam_succeed_if.so service in cron quiet use_uid" /etc/pam.d/common-session-noninteractive# (3) 解决 ubuntu20.04 multipath add missing path 谬误# 增加以下内容,sda视本地环境做调整tee -a /etc/multipath.conf <<'EOF'blacklist { devnode "^sda"}EOF# 重启multipath-tools服务sudo service multipath-tools restart# (4) 禁用 Ubuntu 中的 cloud-init# 在 /etc/cloud 目录下创立 cloud-init.disabled 文件,留神重启后失效sudo touch /etc/cloud/cloud-init.disabled}## 名称: os::optimizationn## 用处: 操作系统优化设置(内核参数)## 参数: 无os::optimizationn () {log::info "[-] 正在进行操作系统内核参数优化设置......."# (1) 零碎内核参数的配置(/etc/sysctl.conf)log::info "[-] 零碎内核参数的配置/etc/sysctl.conf"# /etc/sysctl.d/99-kubernetes-cri.confegrep -q "^(#)?net.ipv4.ip_forward.*" /etc/sysctl.conf && sed -ri "s|^(#)?net.ipv4.ip_forward.*|net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1|g" /etc/sysctl.conf || echo "net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf# egrep -q "^(#)?net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables.*" /etc/sysctl.conf && sed -ri "s|^(#)?net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables.*|net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1|g" /etc/sysctl.conf || echo "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf # egrep -q "^(#)?net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables.*" /etc/sysctl.conf && sed -ri "s|^(#)?net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables.*|net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1|g" /etc/sysctl.conf || echo "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.confegrep -q "^(#)?net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6.*" /etc/sysctl.conf && sed -ri "s|^(#)?net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6.*|net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 1|g" /etc/sysctl.conf || echo "net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.confegrep -q "^(#)?net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6.*" /etc/sysctl.conf && sed -ri "s|^(#)?net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6.*|net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6 = 1|g" /etc/sysctl.conf || echo "net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6 = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.confegrep -q "^(#)?net.ipv6.conf.lo.disable_ipv6.*" /etc/sysctl.conf && sed -ri "s|^(#)?net.ipv6.conf.lo.disable_ipv6.*|net.ipv6.conf.lo.disable_ipv6 = 1|g" /etc/sysctl.conf || echo "net.ipv6.conf.lo.disable_ipv6 = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.confegrep -q "^(#)?net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding.*" /etc/sysctl.conf && sed -ri "s|^(#)?net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding.*|net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding = 1|g" /etc/sysctl.conf || echo "net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding = 1" >> /etc/sysctl.confegrep -q "^(#)?vm.max_map_count.*" /etc/sysctl.conf && sed -ri "s|^(#)?vm.max_map_count.*|vm.max_map_count = 262144|g" /etc/sysctl.conf || echo "vm.max_map_count = 262144" >> /etc/sysctl.conftee -a /etc/sysctl.conf <<'EOF'# 调整晋升服务器负载能力之外,还可能进攻小流量的Dos、CC和SYN攻打net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1# net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 60net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 1net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 1net.ipv4.tcp_fastopen = 3# 优化TCP的可应用端口范畴及晋升服务器并发能力(留神个别流量小的服务器上没必要设置如下参数)net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 1200net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 8192net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 5000net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535# 优化核套接字TCP的缓存区net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 8192net.core.somaxconn = 8192net.core.rmem_max = 12582912net.core.rmem_default = 6291456net.core.wmem_max = 12582912net.core.wmem_default = 6291456EOF# (2) Linux 零碎的最大过程数和最大文件关上数限度log::info "[-] Linux 零碎的最大过程数和最大文件关上数限度"egrep -q "^\s*ulimit -HSn\s+\w+.*$" /etc/profile && sed -ri "s/^\s*ulimit -HSn\s+\w+.*$/ulimit -HSn 65535/" /etc/profile || echo "ulimit -HSn 65535" >> /etc/profileegrep -q "^\s*ulimit -HSu\s+\w+.*$" /etc/profile && sed -ri "s/^\s*ulimit -HSu\s+\w+.*$/ulimit -HSu 65535/" /etc/profile || echo "ulimit -HSu 65535" >> /etc/profiletee -a /etc/security/limits.conf <<'EOF'# ulimit -HSn 65535# ulimit -HSu 65535* soft nofile 65535* hard nofile 65535* soft nproc 65535* hard nproc 65535# End of fileEOF# sed -i "/# End/i * soft nproc 65535" /etc/security/limits.conf# sed -i "/# End/i * hard nproc 65535" /etc/security/limits.confsysctl -p# 需重启失效reboot}## 名称: system::swap## 用处: Liunx 零碎创立SWAP替换分区(默认2G)## 参数: $1(几G)system::swap () { if [ -e $1 ];then sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1024 count=2097152 # 2G Swap 分区 1024 * 1024 , centos 以 1000 为规范 else number=$(echo "${1}*1024*1024"|bc) sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1024 count=${number} # 2G Swap 分区 1024 * 1024 , centos 以 1000 为规范 fi sudo mkswap /swapfile && sudo swapon /swapfile if [ $(grep -c "/swapfile" /etc/fstab) -eq 0 ];thensudo tee -a /etc/fstab <<'EOF'/swapfile swap swap default 0 0EOFfisudo swapon --show && sudo free -h}## 名称: software::Java## 用处: java 环境装置配置## 参数: 无software::Java () { # 根底变量 JAVA_FILE="/root/Downloads/jdk-8u211-linux-x64.tar.gz" JAVA_SRC="/usr/local/" JAVA_DIR="/usr/local/jdk" # 环境配置 sudo tar -zxvf ${JAVA_FILE} -C ${JAVA_SRC} sudo rm -rf /usr/local/jdk JAVA_SRC=$(ls /usr/local/ | grep "jdk") sudo ln -s ${JAVA_SRC} ${JAVA_DIR} export PATH=${JAVA_DIR}/bin:${PATH} sudo cp /etc/profile /etc/profile.$(date +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S).bak sudo tee -a /etc/profile <<'EOF'export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdkexport JRE_HOME=/usr/local/jdk/jreexport CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jarexport PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATHEOF java -version}## 名称: software::docker## 用处: 软件装置之Docker装置## 参数: 无# 帮忙: https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/ubuntu/# Ubuntu Focal 20.04 (LTS)# Ubuntu Bionic 18.04 (LTS)# Ubuntu Xenial 16.04 (LTS)function InstallDocker(){ # 1.卸载旧版本 sudo apt-get remove docker docker-engine docker.io containerd runc # 2.更新apt包索引并安装包以容许apt在HTTPS上应用存储库 sudo apt-get install -y \ apt-transport-https \ ca-certificates \ curl \ gnupg-agent \ software-properties-common # 3.增加Docker官网GPG密钥 # -fsSL sudo curl https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add - # 4.通过搜寻指纹的最初8个字符进行密钥验证 sudo apt-key fingerprint 0EBFCD88 # 5.设置稳固存储库 sudo add-apt-repository \ "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \ $(lsb_release -cs) \ stable" # 6.Install Docker Engine 默认最新版本 sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y docker-ce=5:20.10.7~3-0~ubuntu-focal docker-ce-cli=5:20.10.7~3-0~ubuntu-focal containerd.io docker-compose # - 强制IPv4 # sudo apt-get -o Acquire::ForceIPv4=true install -y docker-ce=5:19.03.15~3-0~ubuntu-focal docker-ce-cli=5:19.03.15~3-0~ubuntu-focal containerd.io docker-compose # 7.装置特定版本的Docker引擎，请在repo中列出可用的版本 apt-cache madison docker-ce # docker-ce | 5:20.10.6~3-0~ubuntu-focal| https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu focal/stable amd64 Packages # docker-ce | 5:19.03.15~3-0~ubuntu-focal | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu xenial/stable amd64 Packages # 应用第二列中的版本字符串装置特定的版本，例如:5:18.09.1~3-0~ubuntu-xenial。 # $sudo apt-get install docker-ce=<VERSION_STRING> docker-ce-cli=<VERSION_STRING> containerd.io #8.将以后用户退出docker用户组而后从新登陆以后用户使得低权限用户 sudo gpasswd -a ${USER} docker # sudo gpasswd -a weiyigeek docker #9.加速器建设 mkdir -vp /etc/docker/sudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'{ "registry-mirrors": ["https://xlx9erfu.mirror.aliyuncs.com"], "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"], "storage-driver": "overlay2", "log-driver": "json-file", "log-level": "warn", "log-opts": { "max-size": "100m", "max-file": "10" }, "live-restore": true, "dns": ["192.168.10.254","223.6.6.6"]}EOF # "data-root":"/monitor/container", # "insecure-registries": ["harbor.weiyigeek.top"] # 9.自启与启动 sudo systemctl daemon-reload sudo systemctl enable docker sudo systemctl restart docker # 10.退出登陆失效 exit}## 名称: disk::Lvsmanager## 用处: uBuntu操作系统磁盘 LVS 逻辑卷增加与配置(扩容流程)## 参数: 无disk::Lvsmanager () { echo "\n分区信息:" sudo df -Th sudo lsblk echo -e "\n 磁盘信息：" sudo fdisk -l echo -e "\n PV物理卷查看：" sudo pvscan echo -e "\n vgs虚构卷查看：" sudo vgs echo -e "\n lvscan逻辑卷扫描:" sudo lvscan echo -e "\n 分区扩大" echo "Ubuntu \n lvextend -L +74G /dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv" echo "lsblk" echo -e "ubuntu general \n # resize2fs -p -F /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv"}# 平安加固过程临时文件清理为基线镜像做筹备unalias rmfind ~/.trash/* -deletefind /home/ -type d -name .trash -exec find {} -delete \;find /var/log -name "*.gz" -deletefind /var/log -name "*log.*" -deletefind /var/log -name "vmware-*.*.log" -deletefind /var/log -name "*.log-*" -deletefind /var/log -name "*.log" -exec truncate -s 0 {} \;find /tmp/* -delete至此 Ubuntu 平安加固脚本结束。
原文地址: Linux与Windows服务器操作系统平安进攻实际指南 ( https://blog.weiyigeek.top/20... )
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