文章起源 | 恒源云社区

原文地址 | 【小技巧-装置篇】

1、执行命令或程序报找不到包，如何装置？

参考 常用命令，应用 apt 装置系统软件或 pip 装置 Python 包。

2、如何设置pip减速？

如果Python的pip装置库或者包总是很慢，能够更换为国内地址后进行下载

国内常见的pip源下载地址如下：

阿里云: https://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
腾讯云：https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/pypi/simple
豆瓣(douban): https://pypi.douban.com/simple/
中国科技大学: https://pypi.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/simple/
清华大学: https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/

长期应用

#通过 -i 参数指定所须要应用的pip源地址去装置numpy库pip install numpy -i https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/pypi/simple

永恒应用

#通过该命令设置永恒应用该pip镜像源pip config set global.index-url https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/pypi/simple#批改实现后通过pip命令装置所须要的包pip install numpy

3、如何降级pip包管理工具？

#降级前查看pip版本pip -V  #如下返回pip版本为21.0.1pip 21.0.1 from /usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/pip (python 3.8)#降级 pip 到最新的版本pip install pip -U#也能够长期应用指定镜像来降级 pippip install -i https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/pypi/simple --upgrade pip#降级后查看pip版本pip -V  #如下显示22.0.4pip 22.0.4 from /usr/local/lib/python3.8/dist-packages/pip (python 3.8)

4、如何更换Ubuntu apt源？

如果应用apt源下载货色很慢或者报错，则能够先通过apt-get update -y命令更新apt源对实例产生缓存，而后通过apt-get install 包名装置所须要的包。

国内常见的apt源下载地址如下，上面镜像源中仅限实例中的Ubuntu 18.04零碎版本应用，可通过lsb_release -a | grep Release名称查问零碎版本。

阿里云

#复制以下所有命令粘贴到实例后回车替换阿里云apt镜像源cat > /etc/apt/sources.list << EOFdeb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverseEOFapt-get update -y

华为云

#复制以下所有命令粘贴到实例后回车替换华为云apt镜像源cat > /etc/apt/sources.list << EOFdeb http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiversedeb http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiversedeb http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiversedeb http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb-src http://repo.huaweicloud.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverseEOFapt-get update -y

清华大学

#复制以下所有命令粘贴到实例后回车替换腾讯云apt镜像源cat > /etc/apt/sources.list << EOFdeb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiversedeb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiversedeb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiversedeb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverseEOFapt-get update -y

中国科技大学

#复制以下所有命令粘贴到实例后回车替换腾讯云apt镜像源cat > /etc/apt/sources.list << EOFdeb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiversedeb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiversedeb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiversedeb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiversedeb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiversedeb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiversedeb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverseEOFapt-get update -y