起源：juejin.cn/post/6844903887871148039
1. 前言
Apache Shiro是一个功能强大且易于应用的Java平安框架，提供了认证，受权，加密，和会话治理。
Shiro有三大外围组件：
- Subject： 即以后用户，在权限治理的应用程序里往往须要晓得谁可能操作什么，谁领有操作该程序的权力，shiro中则须要通过Subject来提供根底的以后用户信息，Subject 不仅仅代表某个用户，与以后利用交互的任何货色都是Subject，如网络爬虫等。所有的Subject都要绑定到SecurityManager上，与Subject的交互实际上是被转换为与SecurityManager的交互。
- SecurityManager： 即所有Subject的管理者，这是Shiro框架的外围组件，能够把他看做是一个Shiro框架的全局治理组件，用于调度各种Shiro框架的服务。作用相似于SpringMVC中的DispatcherServlet，用于拦挡所有申请并进行解决。
- Realm： Realm是用户的信息认证器和用户的权限物证器，咱们须要本人来实现Realm来自定义的治理咱们本人零碎外部的权限规定。SecurityManager要验证用户，须要从Realm中获取用户。能够把Realm看做是数据源。
2. 数据库设计
2.1 User(用户)
SET NAMES utf8mb4;SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;-- ------------------------------ Table structure for user-- ----------------------------DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`;CREATE TABLE `user` ( `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `password` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL, `username` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL, `account` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE) ENGINE = MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT = 4 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;-- ------------------------------ Records of user-- ----------------------------INSERT INTO `user` VALUES (1, 'root', '超级用户', 'root');INSERT INTO `user` VALUES (2, 'user', '普通用户', 'user');INSERT INTO `user` VALUES (3, 'vip', 'VIP用户', 'vip');SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;2.2 Role(角色)
SET NAMES utf8mb4;SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;-- ------------------------------ Table structure for role-- ----------------------------DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `role`;CREATE TABLE `role` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `role` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL, `desc` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE) ENGINE = MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT = 4 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;-- ------------------------------ Records of role-- ----------------------------INSERT INTO `role` VALUES (1, 'admin', '超级管理员');INSERT INTO `role` VALUES (2, 'user', '普通用户');INSERT INTO `role` VALUES (3, 'vip_user', 'VIP用户');SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;2.3 Permission(权限)
SET NAMES utf8mb4;SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;-- ------------------------------ Table structure for permission-- ----------------------------DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `permission`;CREATE TABLE `permission` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `permission` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '权限名称', `desc` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '权限形容', PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE) ENGINE = MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT = 5 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;-- ------------------------------ Records of permission-- ----------------------------INSERT INTO `permission` VALUES (1, 'add', '减少');INSERT INTO `permission` VALUES (2, 'update', '更新');INSERT INTO `permission` VALUES (3, 'select', '查看');INSERT INTO `permission` VALUES (4, 'delete', '删除');SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;2.4 User_Role(用户-角色)
SET NAMES utf8mb4;SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;-- ------------------------------ Table structure for user_role-- ----------------------------DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user_role`;CREATE TABLE `user_role` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `user_id` int(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL, `role_id` int(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE) ENGINE = MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT = 4 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Fixed;-- ------------------------------ Records of user_role-- ----------------------------INSERT INTO `user_role` VALUES (1, 1, 1);INSERT INTO `user_role` VALUES (2, 2, 2);INSERT INTO `user_role` VALUES (3, 3, 3);SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;2.5 Role_Permission(角色-权限)
SET NAMES utf8mb4;SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;-- ------------------------------ Table structure for role_permission-- ----------------------------DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `role_permission`;CREATE TABLE `role_permission` ( `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `role_id` int(11) NULL DEFAULT NULL, `permission_id` int(255) NULL DEFAULT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE) ENGINE = MyISAM AUTO_INCREMENT = 9 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Fixed;-- ------------------------------ Records of role_permission-- ----------------------------INSERT INTO `role_permission` VALUES (1, 1, 1);INSERT INTO `role_permission` VALUES (2, 1, 2);INSERT INTO `role_permission` VALUES (3, 1, 3);INSERT INTO `role_permission` VALUES (4, 1, 4);INSERT INTO `role_permission` VALUES (5, 2, 3);INSERT INTO `role_permission` VALUES (6, 3, 3);INSERT INTO `role_permission` VALUES (7, 3, 2);INSERT INTO `role_permission` VALUES (8, 2, 1);SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;3. 我的项目构造
4. 后期筹备
4.1 导入Pom
Spring Boot 根底就不介绍了，举荐下这个实战教程：
https://github.com/javastacks...
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId></dependency><dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>1.3.2</version></dependency><dependency> <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId> <artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId> <version>1.4.0</version></dependency>4.2 application.yml
server: port: 8903spring: application: name: lab-user datasource: driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/laboratory?charset=utf8 username: root password: rootmybatis: type-aliases-package: cn.ntshare.laboratory.entity mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml configuration: map-underscore-to-camel-case: true4.3 实体类
4.3.1 User.java
@Data@ToStringpublic class User implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = -6056125703075132981L; private Integer id; private String account; private String password; private String username;}4.3.2 Role.java
@Data@ToStringpublic class Role implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = -1767327914553823741L; private Integer id; private String role; private String desc;}4.4 Dao层
4.4.1 PermissionMapper.java
@Mapper@Repositorypublic interface PermissionMapper { List<String> findByRoleId(@Param("roleIds") List<Integer> roleIds);}4.4.2 PermissionMapper.xml
<mapper namespace="cn.ntshare.laboratory.dao.PermissionMapper"> <sql id="base_column_list"> id, permission, desc </sql> <select id="findByRoleId" parameterType="List" resultType="String"> select permission from permission, role_permission rp where rp.permission_id = permission.id and rp.role_id in <foreach collection="roleIds" item="id" open="(" close=")" separator=","> #{id} </foreach> </select></mapper>4.4.3 RoleMapper.java
@Mapper@Repositorypublic interface RoleMapper { List<Role> findRoleByUserId(@Param("userId") Integer userId);}4.4.4 RoleMapper.xml
<mapper namespace="cn.ntshare.laboratory.dao.RoleMapper"> <sql id="base_column_list"> id, user_id, role_id </sql> <select id="findRoleByUserId" parameterType="Integer" resultType="Role"> select role.id, role from role, user, user_role ur where role.id = ur.role_id and ur.user_id = user.id and user.id = #{userId} </select></mapper>4.4.5 UserMapper.java
@Mapper@Repositorypublic interface UserMapper { User findByAccount(@Param("account") String account);}4.4.6 UserMapper.xml
<mapper namespace="cn.ntshare.laboratory.dao.UserMapper"> <sql id="base_column_list"> id, account, password, username </sql> <select id="findByAccount" parameterType="Map" resultType="User"> select <include refid="base_column_list"/> from user where account = #{account} </select></mapper>4.5 Service层
4.5.1 PermissionServiceImpl.java
@Servicepublic class PermissionServiceImpl implements PermissionService { @Autowired private PermissionMapper permissionMapper; @Override public List<String> findByRoleId(List<Integer> roleIds) { return permissionMapper.findByRoleId(roleIds); }}4.5.2 RoleServiceImpl.java
@Servicepublic class RoleServiceImpl implements RoleService { @Autowired private RoleMapper roleMapper; @Override public List<Role> findRoleByUserId(Integer id) { return roleMapper.findRoleByUserId(id); }}4.5.3 UserServiceImpl.java
@Servicepublic class UserServiceImpl implements UserService { @Autowired private UserMapper userMapper; @Override public User findByAccount(String account) { return userMapper.findByAccount(account); }}4.6. 零碎返回状态枚举与包装函数
4.6.1 ServerResponseEnum.java
@AllArgsConstructor@Getterpublic enum ServerResponseEnum { SUCCESS(0, "胜利"), ERROR(10, "失败"), ACCOUNT_NOT_EXIST(11, "账号不存在"), DUPLICATE_ACCOUNT(12, "账号反复"), ACCOUNT_IS_DISABLED(13, "账号被禁用"), INCORRECT_CREDENTIALS(14, "账号或明码谬误"), NOT_LOGIN_IN(15, "账号未登录"), UNAUTHORIZED(16, "没有权限") ; Integer code; String message;}4.6.2 ServerResponseVO.java
@Getter@Setter@NoArgsConstructorpublic class ServerResponseVO<T> implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = -1005863670741860901L; // 响应码 private Integer code; // 形容信息 private String message; // 响应内容 private T data; private ServerResponseVO(ServerResponseEnum responseCode) { this.code = responseCode.getCode(); this.message = responseCode.getMessage(); } private ServerResponseVO(ServerResponseEnum responseCode, T data) { this.code = responseCode.getCode(); this.message = responseCode.getMessage(); this.data = data; } private ServerResponseVO(Integer code, String message) { this.code = code; this.message = message; } /** * 返回胜利信息 * @param data 信息内容 * @param <T> * @return */ public static<T> ServerResponseVO success(T data) { return new ServerResponseVO<>(ServerResponseEnum.SUCCESS, data); } /** * 返回胜利信息 * @return */ public static ServerResponseVO success() { return new ServerResponseVO(ServerResponseEnum.SUCCESS); } /** * 返回错误信息 * @param responseCode 响应码 * @return */ public static ServerResponseVO error(ServerResponseEnum responseCode) { return new ServerResponseVO(responseCode); }}4.7 对立异样解决
当用户身份认证失败时，会抛出UnauthorizedException，咱们能够通过对立异样解决来解决该异样
@RestControllerAdvicepublic class UserExceptionHandler { @ExceptionHandler(UnauthorizedException.class) @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED) public ServerResponseVO UnAuthorizedExceptionHandler(UnauthorizedException e) { return ServerResponseVO.error(ServerResponseEnum.UNAUTHORIZED); }}5. 集成Shiro
5.1 UserRealm.java
Spring Boot 根底就不介绍了，举荐下这个实战教程：
https://github.com/javastacks...
/** * 负责认证用户身份和对用户进行受权 */public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm { @Autowired private UserService userService; @Autowired private RoleService roleService; @Autowired private PermissionService permissionService; // 用户受权 protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) { User user = (User) principalCollection.getPrimaryPrincipal(); SimpleAuthorizationInfo authorizationInfo = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo(); List<Role> roleList = roleService.findRoleByUserId(user.getId()); Set<String> roleSet = new HashSet<>(); List<Integer> roleIds = new ArrayList<>(); for (Role role : roleList) { roleSet.add(role.getRole()); roleIds.add(role.getId()); } // 放入角色信息 authorizationInfo.setRoles(roleSet); // 放入权限信息 List<String> permissionList = permissionService.findByRoleId(roleIds); authorizationInfo.setStringPermissions(new HashSet<>(permissionList)); return authorizationInfo; } // 用户认证 protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authToken) throws AuthenticationException { UsernamePasswordToken token = (UsernamePasswordToken) authToken; User user = userService.findByAccount(token.getUsername()); if (user == null) { return null; } return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(user, user.getPassword(), getName()); }}5.2 ShiroConfig.java
@Configurationpublic class ShiroConfig { @Bean public UserRealm userRealm() { return new UserRealm(); } @Bean public DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager() { DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager(); securityManager.setRealm(userRealm()); return securityManager; } /** * 门路过滤规定 * @return */ @Bean public ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilter(DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager) { ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean(); shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSecurityManager(securityManager); shiroFilterFactoryBean.setLoginUrl("/login"); shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSuccessUrl("/"); Map<String, String> map = new LinkedHashMap<>(); // 有先后顺序 map.put("/login", "anon"); // 容许匿名拜访 map.put("/**", "authc"); // 进行身份认证后能力拜访 shiroFilterFactoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(map); return shiroFilterFactoryBean; } /** * 开启Shiro注解模式，能够在Controller中的办法上增加注解 * @param securityManager * @return */ @Bean public AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor(@Qualifier("securityManager") DefaultSecurityManager securityManager) { AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor = new AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor(); authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor.setSecurityManager(securityManager); return authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor; }5.3 LoginController.java
@RestController@RequestMapping("")public class LoginController { @PostMapping("/login") public ServerResponseVO login(@RequestParam(value = "account") String account, @RequestParam(value = "password") String password) { Subject userSubject = SecurityUtils.getSubject(); UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken(account, password); try { // 登录验证 userSubject.login(token); return ServerResponseVO.success(); } catch (UnknownAccountException e) { return ServerResponseVO.error(ServerResponseEnum.ACCOUNT_NOT_EXIST); } catch (DisabledAccountException e) { return ServerResponseVO.error(ServerResponseEnum.ACCOUNT_IS_DISABLED); } catch (IncorrectCredentialsException e) { return ServerResponseVO.error(ServerResponseEnum.INCORRECT_CREDENTIALS); } catch (Throwable e) { e.printStackTrace(); return ServerResponseVO.error(ServerResponseEnum.ERROR); } } @GetMapping("/login") public ServerResponseVO login() { return ServerResponseVO.error(ServerResponseEnum.NOT_LOGIN_IN); } @GetMapping("/auth") public String auth() { return "已胜利登录"; } @GetMapping("/role") @RequiresRoles("vip") public String role() { return "测试Vip角色"; } @GetMapping("/permission") @RequiresPermissions(value = {"add", "update"}, logical = Logical.AND) public String permission() { return "测试Add和Update权限"; }}6. 测试
6.1 用root用户登录
6.1.1 登录
6.1.2 验证是否登录
6.1.3 测试角色权限
6.1.4 测试用户操作权限
6.2 user用户和vip用户测试略
7. 总结
本文演示了SpringBoot极简集成Shiro框架，实现了根底的身份认证和受权性能，如有有余，请多指教。
后续可扩大的性能点有：
- 集成Redis实现Shiro的分布式会话
- 集成JWT实现单点登录性能
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