关于mysql:MySQL数据库备份和还原

作者：threedayman

起源：恒生LIGHT云社区

备份还原应用到的命令

mysqldump、mysql

对于mysqldump命令更多内容 详见 https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/mysqldump.html

筹备工作

创立两张表user、his_user

CREATE TABLE `user` (  `id` bigint NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'id',  `name` varchar(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '姓名',  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci COMMENT='用户表';CREATE TABLE `his_user` (  `id` bigint NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'id',  `name` varchar(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '姓名',  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci COMMENT='历史用户表';

插入数据

INSERT INTO user(name) VALUES('three');INSERT INTO his_user(name) VALUES('wang');mysql> select * from user;+----+-------+| id | name  |+----+-------+|  1 | three |+----+-------+1 row in set (0.01 sec)mysql> select * from his_user;+----+------+| id | name |+----+------+|  1 | wang |+----+------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)

备份

全库备份

mysqldump -uroot -p123456 datax >dataxAll.sql

插入数据

INSERT INTO user(name) VALUES('four');INSERT INTO his_user(name) VALUES('li');mysql> select * from user;+----+-------+| id | name  |+----+-------+|  1 | three ||  2 | four  |+----+-------+2 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql> select * from his_user;+----+------+| id | name |+----+------+|  1 | wang ||  3 | li   |+----+------+2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

还原

复原数据

mysql   -uroot -p123456 datax < dataxAll.sqlmysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.

查看表数据

mysql> select * from user;+----+-------+| id | name  |+----+-------+|  1 | three |+----+-------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)mysql> select * from his_user;+----+------+| id | name |+----+------+|  1 | wang |+----+------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)

数据曾经复原到备份前模样。

如果须要依照表名进行过滤备份能够参考以下语句

mysqldump -uroot -p123456 datax $(mysql -N -uroot -p123456 -e "show tables from datax like 'tc%'") >t.sql