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ps:源码是基于 android api 27 来剖析的

应用 Android API 21 的时候,google 举荐咱们用的 Activity 是 ActionBarActivity;在 Android Level 21之后,Android 引入了 Material Design 的设计,为了反对 Material,Color、调色版、Toolbar等各种新个性,AppCompatActivity 就利用而生;AppCompatActivity 为了兼容以前的货色,就做了移花接木,本篇文章咱们就写移花接木中的UI偷换。

为了不便剖析过程,咱们写一个 demo,demo 的 AppCompatActivity 的代码如下所示:

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {    //1、    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);    //2、    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);    Button btn = findViewById(R.id.btn);}

}

咱们来看正文1 中的代码,也就是 AppCompatActivity 的 onCreate 办法;

@Overrideprotected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {    //3、    final AppCompatDelegate delegate = getDelegate();        //4、    delegate.installViewFactory();    ......}

正文3 中的 getDelegate 办法最终会调用到 AppCompatDelegate 的 create(Context context, Window window,AppCompatCallback callback) 办法;

private static AppCompatDelegate create(Context context, Window window,

        AppCompatCallback callback) {    if (BuildCompat.isAtLeastO()) {        return new AppCompatDelegateImplO(context, window, callback);    } else if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 24) {        return new AppCompatDelegateImplN(context, window, callback);    } else if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 23) {        return new AppCompatDelegateImplV23(context, window, callback);    } else if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 14) {        return new AppCompatDelegateImplV14(context, window, callback);    } else if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 11) {        return new AppCompatDelegateImplV11(context, window, callback);    } else {        return new AppCompatDelegateImplV9(context, window, callback);    }

}

create(Context context, Window window,AppCompatCallback callback) 办法会依据 Android API 来初始化 AppCompatDelegate 相应的子类对象,咱们就拿 AppCompatDelegateImplV9 来进行剖析;咱们回到下面的 AppCompatActivity 的 onCreate 办法中的正文4,这时候的 delegate 实质就是 AppCompatDelegateImplV9 类型的对象,那么正文4 的具体方法如下所示;

@Overridepublic void installViewFactory() {    LayoutInflater layoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(mContext);    if (layoutInflater.getFactory() == null) {                //5、        LayoutInflaterCompat.setFactory2(layoutInflater, this);    } else {        if (!(layoutInflater.getFactory2() instanceof AppCompatDelegateImplV9)) {            Log.i(TAG, "The Activity's LayoutInflater already has a Factory installed"                    + " so we can not install AppCompat's");        }    }}

这里的 layoutInflater.getFactory() == null 条件为 true,所以咱们看正文5 的代码,也就是 LayoutInflaterCompat 的 setFactory2(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, @NonNull LayoutInflater.Factory2 factory)办法;

public static void setFactory2(

        @NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, @NonNull LayoutInflater.Factory2 factory) {    IMPL.setFactory2(inflater, factory);

}

这里的 IMPL 是 LayoutInflaterCompatBaseImpl 类型的对象,然而 LayoutInflaterCompatBaseImpl 的实现类有2个,咱们先看 IMPL的实例化;

static {

    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 21) {        IMPL = new LayoutInflaterCompatApi21Impl();    } else {        IMPL = new LayoutInflaterCompatBaseImpl();    }

}

它是依据 Android API 是否大于等于21 来决定用哪个子类来实例化的,咱们就选 LayoutInflaterCompat 的动态外部类 LayoutInflaterCompatBaseImpl 来剖析,咱们看看 LayoutInflaterCompatBaseImpl 的 setFactory2(LayoutInflater inflater, LayoutInflater.Factory2 factory)办法;

public void setFactory2(LayoutInflater inflater, LayoutInflater.Factory2 factory) {

    inflater.setFactory2(factory);    ......

}

咱们再往下看 LayoutInflater 的 setFactory2(LayoutInflater.Factory2 factory) 办法;

public void setFactory2(LayoutInflater.Factory2 factory) {

    ......    //6、    if (mFactory == null) {        mFactory = mFactory2 = factory;    } else {        mFactory = mFactory2 = new FactoryMerger(factory, factory, mFactory, mFactory2);    }

}

在下面所讲的 AppCompatDelegateImplV9 的 installViewFactory办法中的 layoutInflater.getFactory() == null条件为 true,下面的 layoutInflater.getFactory() 拿到的其实是 LayoutInflater 的 mFactory,所以这里的 mFactory == null也为 true;在下面所说的,咱们拿的是 AppCompatDelegate 的子类 AppCompatDelegateImplV9 来做剖析的,所以 LayoutInflater 的 setFactory2(LayoutInflater.Factory2 factory) 办法中的 factory、mFactory2 和 mFactory 实质上是 AppCompatDelegateImplV9 对象,这里的 LayoutInflater 的 setFactory2(LayoutInflater.Factory2 factory) 办法只是保留了 AppCompatDelegateImplV9 对象。

咱们回到 demo 中正文2 的代码,也就是 AppCompatActivity 的 setContentView(@LayoutRes int layoutResID) 办法;

@Overridepublic void setContentView(@LayoutRes int layoutResID) {    getDelegate().setContentView(layoutResID);}

下面说过 getDelegate 办法拿到的是 AppCompatDelegate 类型的对象,咱们就拿 AppCompatDelegate 的子类 AppCompatDelegateImplV9 来剖析,所以看 AppCompatDelegateImplV9 的 setContentView(int resId) 办法;

@Overridepublic void setContentView(int resId) {    ......    LayoutInflater.from(mContext).inflate(resId, contentParent);    ......}

这里通过 LayoutInflater 的 inflate(@LayoutRes int resource, @Nullable ViewGroup root) 办法从 xml 文件解析元素生成对应的 View,咱们看 inflate(@LayoutRes int resource, @Nullable ViewGroup root) 办法;

public View inflate(@LayoutRes int resource, @Nullable ViewGroup root) {

    return inflate(resource, root, root != null);

}

inflate(@LayoutRes int resource, @Nullable ViewGroup root) 办法调用了 LayoutInflater 的 inflate(@LayoutRes int resource, @Nullable ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) 办法;

public View inflate(@LayoutRes int resource, @Nullable ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) {

    final Resources res = getContext().getResources();    if (DEBUG) {        Log.d(TAG, "INFLATING from resource: \"" + res.getResourceName(resource) + "\" ("                + Integer.toHexString(resource) + ")");    }    final XmlResourceParser parser = res.getLayout(resource);    try {        return inflate(parser, root, attachToRoot);    } finally {        parser.close();    }

}

inflate(@LayoutRes int resource, @Nullable ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) 办法又调用了 LayoutInflater 的 inflate(XmlPullParser parser, @Nullable ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) 办法;

public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, @Nullable ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) {

    synchronized (mConstructorArgs) {        ......        try {            ......            if (TAG_MERGE.equals(name)) {                ......            } else {                // Temp is the root view that was found in the xml                //7、                final View temp = createViewFromTag(root, name, inflaterContext, attrs);                ......            }        } catch (XmlPullParserException e) {            ......        } catch (Exception e) {            ......        } finally {            ......        }        return result;    }

}

咱们看看正文7 中的办法,也就是 LayoutInflater 的 createViewFromTag(View parent, String name, Context context, AttributeSet attrs) 办法,它的作用是创立 View;

private View createViewFromTag(View parent, String name, Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {

    return createViewFromTag(parent, name, context, attrs, false);

}

createViewFromTag(View parent, String name, Context context, AttributeSet attrs) 办法又调用了 LayoutInflater 的 createViewFromTag(View parent, String name, Context context, AttributeSet attrs,boolean ignoreThemeAttr) 办法;

View createViewFromTag(View parent, String name, Context context, AttributeSet attrs,

                       boolean ignoreThemeAttr) {    ......    try {        View view;        if (mFactory2 != null) {            //8、            view = mFactory2.onCreateView(parent, name, context, attrs);        } else if (mFactory != null) {            view = mFactory.onCreateView(name, context, attrs);        } else {            view = null;        }        ......        return view;    } catch (InflateException e) {       ......    } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {        ......    } catch (Exception e) {        ......    }

}

这里看一下正文8 中的 mFactory2,下面咱们对 mFactory2 进行了赋值,它的值就是咱们下面所说的拿来做剖析的 AppCompatDelegateImplV9,咱们来看 AppCompatDelegateImplV9 的 onCreateView(View parent, String name, Context context, AttributeSet attrs)办法;

@Overridepublic final View onCreateView(View parent, String name, Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {     ......    // If the Factory didn't handle it, let our createView() method try    return createView(parent, name, context, attrs);}

onCreateView(View parent, String name, Context context, AttributeSet attrs)办法调用了 AppCompatDelegateImplV9 的 createView(View parent, final String name, @NonNull Context context,@NonNull AttributeSet attrs)办法;

@Overridepublic View createView(View parent, final String name, @NonNull Context context,                       @NonNull AttributeSet attrs) {    ......    return mAppCompatViewInflater.createView(parent, name, context, attrs, inheritContext,            IS_PRE_LOLLIPOP, /* Only read android:theme pre-L (L+ handles this anyway) */            true, /* Read read app:theme as a fallback at all times for legacy reasons */            VectorEnabledTintResources.shouldBeUsed() /* Only tint wrap the context if enabled */    );}

mAppCompatViewInflater 是 AppCompatViewInflater 类型的对象,咱们看 AppCompatViewInflater 的 createView(View parent, final String name, @NonNull Context context,@NonNull AttributeSet attrs,boolean inheritContext,boolean readAndroidTheme, boolean readAppTheme, boolean wrapContext) 办法;

public final View createView(View parent, final String name, @NonNull Context context,

                             @NonNull AttributeSet attrs, boolean inheritContext,                             boolean readAndroidTheme, boolean readAppTheme, boolean wrapContext) {    ......    View view = null;    // We need to 'inject' our tint aware Views in place of the standard framework versions    switch (name) {        case "TextView":            view = new AppCompatTextView(context, attrs);            break;        case "ImageView":            view = new AppCompatImageView(context, attrs);            break;        case "Button":            view = new AppCompatButton(context, attrs);            break;        case "EditText":            view = new AppCompatEditText(context, attrs);            break;        case "Spinner":            view = new AppCompatSpinner(context, attrs);            break;        case "ImageButton":            view = new AppCompatImageButton(context, attrs);            break;        case "CheckBox":            view = new AppCompatCheckBox(context, attrs);            break;        case "RadioButton":            view = new AppCompatRadioButton(context, attrs);            break;        case "CheckedTextView":            view = new AppCompatCheckedTextView(context, attrs);            break;        case "AutoCompleteTextView":            view = new AppCompatAutoCompleteTextView(context, attrs);            break;        case "MultiAutoCompleteTextView":            view = new AppCompatMultiAutoCompleteTextView(context, attrs);            break;        case "RatingBar":            view = new AppCompatRatingBar(context, attrs);            break;        case "SeekBar":            view = new AppCompatSeekBar(context, attrs);            break;    }    ......    return view;

}

看到没,如果咱们的类持续的是 AppCompatActivity,而不是 Activity,那么在 xml 文件中的 View 元素被创立之前会被拦挡,在 xml 文件中的 View 元素是 XXX,那么真正创立进去的是 AppCompatXXX,AppCompatActivity 把咱们 xml 文件中实在的 View 元素 XXX 换成了 AppCompatXXX。

咱们验证一下,把 demo 里的 Button 输入一下;

Button btn = findViewById(R.id.btn);
Log.d("MainActivity","---Button = " + btn);

日志打印如下所示;

D/MainActivity: ---Button = android.support.v7.widget.AppCompatButton{adc47a3 VFED..C.. ......I. 0,0-0,0 #7f070021 app:id/btn}

看见没,咱们 demo 中的 Button 被替换成了 AppCompatButton,Button 实质上是 AppCompatButton 了。