Linux 服务治理两种形式service和systemctl,systemd是Linux零碎最新的初始化零碎(init),作用是进步零碎的启动速度，尽可能启动较少的过程，尽可能更多过程并发启动。systemd对应的过程治理命令是systemctl
chkconfig和systemctl命令比照
| 工作 | 旧指令 | 新指令 |
|---|
| 使某服务主动启动 | chkconfig --level 3 httpd on | systemctl enable httpd.service |
| 使某服务不主动启动 | chkconfig --level 3 httpd off | systemctl disable httpd.service |
| 查看服务状态 | service httpd status | systemctl status httpd.service （服务详细信息） systemctl is-active httpd.service （仅显示是否 Active) |
| 显示所有已启动的服务 | chkconfig --list | systemctl list-units --type=service |
| 启动服务 | service httpd start | systemctl start httpd.service |
| 进行服务 | service httpd stop | systemctl stop httpd.service |
| 重启服务 | service httpd restart | systemctl restart httpd.service |
| 重载服务 | service httpd reload | systemctl reload httpd.service |
实例
#进行cup电源治理服务> systemctl stop cups.service#禁止cups服务开机启动> systemctl disable cups.service#查看cups服务状态> systemctl status cups.service#从新设置cups服务开机启动> systemctl enable cups.service
罕用的系统命令
| systemctl命令 | 阐明 |
|---|
| systemctl | 列出所有的零碎服务 |
| systemctl list-units | 列出所有启动unit |
| systemctl list-unit-files | 列出所有启动文件 |
| systemctl list-units –type=service –all | 列出所有service类型的unit |
| systemctl list-units –type=service –all grep cpu | 列出 cpu电源管理机制的服务 |
| systemctl list-units –type=target –all | 列出所有target |
| systemctl list-unit-files --type=socket | 列出所有可用零碎套接口 |
systemctl非凡的用法
| systemctl命令 | 阐明 |
|---|
| systemctl is-active [unit type] | 查看服务是否运行 |
| systemctl is-enable [unit type] | 查看服务是否设置为开机启动 |
| systemctl mask [unit type] | 登记指定服务 |
| systemctl unmask [unit type] | 勾销登记指定服务 |
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