关于mysql8:Linux环境下MySQL80安装

一、筹备工作

下载安装包下载地址
查看零碎⾃带的 MARIADB
```
rpm -qa|grep mariadb
```
卸载零碎⾃带的 MARIADB（如果有）,remove前面加 rpm -qa|grep mariadb 查问进去的门路
```
yum -y remove
```

二、解压

将 mysql-8.0.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz 安装包上传到 /usr/local/ 目录下

安装包解压,并重命名为mysql

xz -d mysql-8.0.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xztar -xvf mysql-8.0.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar mv mysql-8.0.26-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql

创立MYSQL⽤户和⽤户组
```
groupadd mysqluseradd -g mysql mysql
```
批改MYSQL⽬录的归属⽤户
```
chown -R mysql:mysql ./
```

筹备MYSQL的配置⽂件,编辑 vim /etc/my.conf

[mysql]# 设置mysql客户端默认字符集default-character-set=utf8socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock[mysqld]skip-name-resolve#设置3306端⼝port = 3306socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock# 设置mysql的装置⽬录basedir=/usr/local/mysql# 设置mysql数据库的数据的寄存⽬录datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data# 容许最⼤连接数max_connections=200# 服务端使⽤的字符集默认为8⽐特编码的latin1字符集character-set-server=utf8# 创立新表时将使⽤的默认存储引擎default-storage-engine=INNODBlower_case_table_names=1max_allowed_packet=16M

并且批改权限

mkdir /var/lib/mysql chmod 777 /var/lib/mysql

三、装置MySQL

进入cd /usr/local/mysql 目录进行初始化

./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

执行初始化后,控制台会返回长期明码, 记录长期明码 ,前面会用到
例如:像我的例子在最初一行 A temporary password is generated for root@localhost:kvct:yIy8_qk
我的长期明码就是这个: kvct:yIy8_qk

例子:2021-09-14T01:30:19.227943Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.26) initializing of server in progress as process 18082021-09-14T01:30:19.250431Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.2021-09-14T01:30:20.184005Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.2021-09-14T01:30:21.140583Z 0 [Warning] [MY-013746] [Server] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1 is enabled for channel mysql_main2021-09-14T01:30:21.141148Z 0 [Warning] [MY-013746] [Server] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1.1 is enabled for channel mysql_main2021-09-14T01:30:21.341903Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: kvct:yIy8_qk

复制启动脚本到资源目录

cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

编辑vim /etc/init.d/mysqld ,批改 basedir 和 datadir ,为其理论对应的目录
```
basedir=/usr/local/mysql datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
```

四、设置MYSQL服务开启⾃启

减少 mysqld 服务管制脚本执⾏权限
```
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
```
将 mysqld 服务加⼊到零碎服务
```
chkconfig --add mysqld
```
查看 mysqld 服务是否曾经⽣效即可
mysqld 0:关 1:关 2:开 3:开 4:开 5:开 6:关
```
chkconfig --list mysqld
```
启动mysql, 返回 SUCCESS!
```
service mysqld start
```

五、配置环境变量

编辑 vim ~/.bash_profile,在文件开端增加上面信息
```
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
```
执行上面命令,使环境变量失效
```
source ~/.bash_profile
```

六、登录MySQL，并批改明码

以 root 账户登录 mysql
```
mysql -u root -p
```
输出方才记录的 长期明码

批改 Root 账户明码,并刷新权限

alter user user() identified by "root";flush privileges;

设置近程主机登录

use mysql;update user set user.Host='%' where user.User='root';flush privileges;

七、查看防火墙

做完下面步骤,肯能还是近程连贯不上,凋谢端口或者敞开防火墙
查看防火墙状态
```
systemctl status firewalld
```
查看开机是否启动防火墙服务
```
systemctl is-enabled firewalld
```
敞开防火墙
```
systemctl stop firewalld
```
禁用防火墙（系统启动时不启动防火墙服务）
```
systemctl disable firewalldsystemctl is-enabled firewalld
```

凋谢端口

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanentfirewall-cmd --reload   # 配置立刻失效

敞开端口

firewall-cmd --zone=public --remove-port=3306/tcp --permanentfirewall-cmd --reload   # 配置立刻失效

查看防火墙所有凋谢的端口
```
firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports
```
查看监听的端口
centos7默认没有 netstat 命令，须要装置 net-tools 工具，yum install -y net-tools
```
netstat -lnpt
```
查看端口被哪个过程占用
```
netstat -lnpt |grep 3306
```
查看过程的详细信息
```
ps 6832
```
查看蕴含 mysql 的所有过程
```
ps -ef | grep mysql
```
停止过程
```
kill -9 6832
```