作用：寻找匹配指定模式的文本.

命令格局

egrep Options "regex pattern" InputFile1 InputFile2 ...

egrep 等价于 grep -E.

示例输出：

[ming@localhost test]$ cat data.txt abcd123456789efgh123987654123abcd[ming@localhost test]$ cat data1.txt abcd123456789efgh123987654[ming@localhost test]$ cat data2.txt abcd123456789efgh123987654[ming@localhost test]$ cat data3.txt 123456ABCD123

1. 输入匹配模式的行

[ming@localhost test]$ egrep "^[a-z]+" data.txt abcd123efgh123[ming@localhost test]$ egrep "[a-z]+" data1.txt data2.txt data1.txt:abcd123data1.txt:efgh123data2.txt:abcd123data2.txt:efgh123

输入匹配行的行号：-n

[ming@localhost test]$ egrep -n "^[a-z]+" data.txt 1:abcd1233:efgh123[ming@localhost test]$ egrep -n "[a-z]+" data1.txt data2.txt data1.txt:1:abcd123data1.txt:3:efgh123data2.txt:1:abcd123data2.txt:3:efgh123

只输入匹配的行数：-c

[ming@localhost test]$ egrep -c "^[a-z]+" data.txt 2

2. 只输入匹配模式的内容: -o

[ming@localhost test]$ egrep -o "^[a-z]+" data.txt abcdefgh

3. 反向匹配: -v

输入不匹配的行、行数：

[ming@localhost test]$ egrep -v "^[a-z]+" data.txt 456789987654123abcd[ming@localhost test]$ egrep -vc "^[a-z]+" data.txt 3

4. 输入包含匹配行的文件: -l

[ming@localhost test]$ egrep -l "[a-z]+" data1.txt data2.txt data3.txtdata1.txtdata2.txt

5. 输入不包含匹配行的文件: -L

[ming@localhost test]$ egrep -L "[a-z]+" data1.txt data2.txt data3.txt data3.txt

6. 疏忽大小写: -i

[ming@localhost test]$ egrep -i "[a-z]+" data3.txt ABCD123

7. 指定多个模式: -e

[ming@localhost test]$ egrep -e "^[a-z]+" -e "[0-9]+" data3.txt 123456ABCD123[ming@localhost test]$ egrep "^[a-z]+ | [0-9]+" data3.txt 123456ABCD123

8. 搜寻目录

递归搜寻目录下的文件：-r

[ming@localhost ~]$ egrep -r "^[a-z]+" test...test/data1.txt:abcd123test/data1.txt:efgh123test/data2.txt:abcd123test/data2.txt:efgh123test/main1.c:int main()test/main2.c:int main()test/data.txt:abcd123test/data.txt:efgh123

排除指定的目录：--exclude-dir

[ming@localhost ~]$ egrep -r "^[0-9]+" . --exclude-dir ....../test/data1.txt:456789./test/data1.txt:987654./test/data2.txt:456789./test/data2.txt:987654./test/data.txt:456789./test/data.txt:987654./test/data.txt:123abcd./test/data3.txt:123456./.vboxclient-clipboard.pid:2364./.vboxclient-seamless.pid:2376./.vboxclient-draganddrop.pid:2383./.vboxclient-display-svga-x11.pid:2386

排除指定的文件：--exclude

[ming@localhost ~]$ egrep -r "^[a-z]+" test --exclude *.c --exclude *.cpp...test/data1.txt:abcd123test/data1.txt:efgh123test/data2.txt:abcd123test/data2.txt:efgh123test/data.txt:abcd123test/data.txt:efgh123

只蕴含指定的文件：--include

[ming@localhost ~]$ egrep -r "^[a-z]+" . --include *.c --include *.cpp./test/main1.c:int main()./test/main2.c:int main()

9. 从文件中读取模式: -f

[ming@localhost test]$ cat patterns.re^[a-z]+^[0-9]+[ming@localhost test]$ egrep -f patterns.re data.txt abcd123456789efgh123987654123abcd