- 2021/04/10 温习
导航
[[深刻01] 执行上下文](https://juejin.im/post/684490...
[[深刻02] 原型链](https://juejin.im/post/684490...
[[深刻03] 继承](https://juejin.im/post/684490...
[[深刻04] 事件循环](https://juejin.im/post/684490...
[[深刻05] 柯里化 偏函数 函数记忆](https://juejin.im/post/684490...
[[深刻06] 隐式转换 和 运算符](https://juejin.im/post/684490...
[[深刻07] 浏览器缓存机制(http缓存机制)](https://juejin.im/post/684490...
[[深刻08] 前端平安](https://juejin.im/post/684490...
[[深刻09] 深浅拷贝](https://juejin.im/post/684490...
[[深刻10] Debounce Throttle](https://juejin.im/post/684490...
[[深刻11] 前端路由](https://juejin.im/post/684490...
[[深刻12] 前端模块化](https://juejin.im/post/684490...
[[深刻13] 观察者模式 公布订阅模式 双向数据绑定](https://juejin.im/post/684490...
[[深刻14] canvas](https://juejin.im/post/684490...
[[深刻15] webSocket](https://juejin.im/post/684490...
[[深刻16] webpack](https://juejin.im/post/684490...
[[深刻17] http 和 https](https://juejin.im/post/684490...
[[深刻18] CSS-interview](https://juejin.im/post/684490...
[[深刻19] 手写Promise](https://juejin.im/post/684490...
[[深刻20] 手写函数](https://juejin.im/post/684490...
[[react] Hooks](https://juejin.im/post/684490...
[[部署01] Nginx](https://juejin.im/post/684490...
[[部署02] Docker 部署vue我的项目](https://juejin.im/post/684490...
[[部署03] gitlab-CI](https://juejin.im/post/684490...
[[源码-webpack01-前置常识] AST形象语法树](https://juejin.im/post/684490...
[[源码-webpack02-前置常识] Tapable](https://juejin.im/post/684490...
[[源码-webpack03] 手写webpack - compiler简略编译流程](https://juejin.im/post/684490...
[[源码] Redux React-Redux01](https://juejin.im/post/684490...
[[源码] axios ](https://juejin.im/post/684490...
[[源码] vuex ](https://juejin.im/post/684490...
[[源码-vue01] data响应式 和 初始化渲染 ](https://juejin.im/post/684490...
[[源码-vue02] computed 响应式 - 初始化,拜访,更新过程 ](https://juejin.im/post/684490...
前置常识
一些单词
race:较量,比赛Settled:完结execute:执行executor:执行者detected:检测
promise温习
办法
- promise.then() ---------------------------- 返回新的promise
- promise.catch() --------------------------- 返回新的promise
- promise.finally() -------------------------- 不论状态如何都会执行
- promise.all() ------------------------------ 所有resolve则fulfilled,一个reject则rejected
- promise.any() ---------------------------- 一个resolve则fulfilled,所有reject则rejected
- promsie.race() ---------------------------- 第一个resolve则fulfiled,第一个reject则rejected
特点
- 对象的状态不受外界影响,只有异步操作的后果才能够决定以后是哪一种状态,任何其余操作都不能扭转这个状态
- 状态一旦扭转就不会再变,任何时候都能够失去这个后果
<font color=red>毛病</font>
- 无奈勾销promise,一旦新建就会立刻执行,中途无奈勾销
- 如果不设置回调,外部抛出的谬误,不会反馈到内部
- 当处于pending状态时,无奈得悉以后停顿到哪一个阶段 ( 刚开始?行将完结?)
Promise的用法
const promise = new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {// ... some codeif (/* 异步操作胜利 */){ resolve(value);} else { reject(error);}});promise.then(function(value) {// success}, function(error) {// failure});阐明:(1) Promise构造函数承受一个 ( 函数 ) 作为参数(2) ( 参数函数 ) 又承受两个函数作为参数 ( resolve函数 ) 和 ( reject函数 )(3) resolve() - 函数是在状态由 pending->fulfilled 时,即胜利时调用,并将异步操作的后果作为参数传递进来 - resolve()函数的参数,除了是失常的 ( 值 ) 以外,还能够是一个 ( promise实例 )(4) reject() - 函数是在状态由 pending->rejected时,即失败时调用,并将异步操作报出的谬误作为参数传递进来 - reject()函数的参数,通常是 ( Error对象 ) 的实例(5) then() 办法承受两个函数作为参数 - 第一个参数函数在resolve时被调用 - 第二个参数函数在reject时被调用,参数别离是终值和拒因,第二个参数函数可选
resolve()
- resolve()和reject()两个函数并不会终止promise,前面的代码还是会执行
- <font color=red>通常用 return resolve() return reject() 这样的形式完结promise构造函数代码的运行</font>
- <font color=blue>resolve() 函数的参数是一个promise实例的状况</font>
let count = 1setInterval(() => {console.log(count++)}, 1000)const p1 = new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {setTimeout(() => { console.log('p1中的代码开始执行') reject(new Error('fail'))}, 3000)})const p2 = new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {setTimeout(() => { console.log('p2中的代码开始执行'); resolve(p1)}, 1000)})p2.then(result => console.log(result)).catch(error => console.log(error))剖析:(1) p2的状态在 1s 后扭转为胜利,resolve(p1)的参数p1还是一个promise,导致p2的状态生效(2) p2的状态生效,则p2的状态由p1决定(3) p1的状体在 3s 后扭转为失败, reject(new Error('fail')),所以在 3s 后,p2的状态也变成了失败(4) p2的失败状态由 p2.catch()捕捉
then()
- <font color=red>返回一个新的promise实例,因而能够采纳链式写法</font>
- <font color=blue>如果then()办法链式调用,上一个then()可能返回的是一个promise实例,则后一个then()的回调函数须要期待前一个then()状态扭转后才会调用</font>
catch()
- <font color=red>返回一个新的promise实例,次要作用是捕捉promise过程中的谬误</font>
- <font color=blue>catch()办法返回的是一个promise对象,因而.catch()前面能够持续调用.then()</font>
- catch()是
.then(null, rejection)
或.then(undefined, rejection)
的别名,用于指定产生谬误
时的回调函数
- 只有是catch()后面的then()和promise外部抛出的谬误都能被catch()捕捉
留神:
- 一个在then()中只须要增加胜利状态后的回调,而失败的状态由catch()来负责捕捉
finally()
- <font color=red>不论promise对象最初是什么状态,都会执行的操作</font>
- <font color=blue>finally()的回调函数不承受任何参数,因为finally()的回调函数中的操作和状态无关</font>
all()
- 所有resolve()则fulfilled,一个reject()则rejected
any()
一个resolve()则fulfilled,所有reject()则rejected
- 和all()相同
race()
- 一个resolve()则fulfilled,一个reject()则rejected
allSettled()
- 在所有参数的实例都返回后果时,包装实例才会完结
- 比方期待所有申请实现,无论成功失败,都完结loading动画
手写Promise
class Promise { constructor(executor) { // 参数不是函数,报错 if (typeof executor !== 'function') { throw new TypeError(`Promise resolver ${executor} is not a function`) } this.init() // 初始化值 try { executor(this.resolve, this.reject) } catch (err) { // 应用 try...catch 的目标是为了把executor()中的谬误抛出给then的回调去捕捉 this.reject(err) } } init = () => { this.value = null // 终值 this.reason = null // 拒因 this.state = Promise.PENDING // 状态 this.onFulfilledCallbacks = [] // 胜利回调, 在then()办法中push,resolve()时执行 this.onRejectedCallbacks = [] // 失败回调,在then()办法中push,reject()时执行 } resolve = (value) => { // 胜利后的一系列操作 (状态的扭转,胜利回调的执行 ) // 状态的扭转:pending -> fulfilled // console.log(this.constructor === Promise) // true // this 在箭头函数中,作用域绑定在父级执行上下文,即定义时所在的对象 // 即this相当于父级的this,这里又是在勾走函数中,所以this指向了实例对象 if (this.state === Promise.PENDING) { this.state = Promise.FULFILLED this.value = value this.onFulfilledCallbacks.forEach(fn => fn(this.value)) // 当promise的参数函数中有异步操作时,then办法会优先于resolve()或者reject()先执行 // 这样就是导致执行then()办法时,状态是pending状态,因为状态的扭转是在resolve()或reject()中扭转的,而他们因为异步都没执行 // 这是须要用一个数组来存储未来才会执行的onFulfilled函数 // 这里push进onFulfilledCallbacks的函数,将在resolve()函数中去执行 } } reject = (reason) => { // 失败后的一系列操作 (状态的扭转,失败回调的执行 ) // 状态的扭转:pending -> rejected if (this.state === Promise.PENDING) { this.state = Promise.REJECTED this.reason = reason this.onRejectedCallbacks.forEach(fn => fn(this.reason)) } } then = (onFulfilled, onRejected) => { // 参数校验,穿透成果,即then不传任何参数具备穿透成果 if (typeof onFulfilled !== 'function') { onFulfilled = value => value } // 参数校验,穿透成果,即then不传任何参数具备穿透成果 if (typeof onRejected !== 'function') { onRejected = reason => { throw reason } } // then()办法返回的是一个新的 promse 实例 // 因为返回新的promise实例,能够能够实现链式调用 let promise2 = new Promise((resolve2, reject2) => { // 执行onFulfilled函数的条件 if (this.state === Promise.FULFILLED) { setTimeout(() => { // 这里两头的then()办法中的回调 onFulfilled() 函数是有返回值的 // 两头then()参数函数onFulfilled()的返回值,会被当做下一个then回调的参数传入 try { const x = onFulfilled(this.value) Promise.resolvePromise(promise2, x, resolve2, reject2) } catch (err) { reject2(err) } }) } if (this.state === Promise.REJECTED) { setTimeout(() => { try { const x = onRejected(this.reason) Promise.resolvePromise(promise2, x, resolve2, reject2) } catch (err) { reject2(err) } }) } if (this.state === Promise.PENDING) { // 如果状态是 pending // 当promise的参数函数中有异步操作时,then办法会优先于resolve()或者reject()先执行 // 这样就是导致执行then()办法时,状态是pending状态,因为状态的扭转是在resolve()或reject()中扭转的,而他们因为异步都没执行 // 这时须要用一个数组来存储未来才会执行的onFulfilled函数 // 这里push进onFulfilledCallbacks的函数,将在resolve()函数中去执行 this.onFulfilledCallbacks.push((value) => { // 这里依然须要应用setTimeout,因为这个函数是在resolve()中执行的,如果resolve()前面任而后同步代码,要保障同步代码先执行 setTimeout(() => { try { const x = onFulfilled(value) Promise.resolvePromise(promise2, x, resolve2, reject2) } catch (err) { reject2(err) } }) }) this.onRejectedCallbacks.push((reason) => { setTimeout(() => { try { const x = onRejected(reason) Promise.resolvePromise(promise2, x, resolve2, reject2) } catch (err) { reject2(err) } }) }) } }) return promise2 }}// 这里应用动态属性,是为了防止 魔法字符串Promise.PENDING = 'pending'Promise.FULFILLED = 'fulfilled'Promise.REJECTED = 'rejected'Promise.resolvePromise = function (promise2, x, resolve, reject) { // x 与 promise2 相等 if (promise2 === x) { reject(new TypeError('chainning cycle detected for promise')) } // x 是 Promise if ( x instanceof Promise) { x.then(value => { // resolve(value) Promise.resolvePromise(promise2, value, resolve, reject) }, reason => { reject(reason) }) } else if (x !== null && (typeof x === 'object' || typeof x === 'function')) { // x 为对象或函数 try { const then = x.then if (typeof then === 'function') { then.call( x, value => { if (called) return called = true MyPromise.resolvePromise(promise2, value, resolve, reject) }, reason => { if (called) return called = true reject(reason) } ) } else { if (called) return called = true resolve(x) } } catch (e) { if (called) return called = true reject(e) } } else { resolve(x) }}const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => { // throw new Error('出错了') console.log(1) setTimeout(() => { console.log(4) resolve(6) console.log(5) }) console.log(2)}) .then( value => { console.log(value, 'value') return new Promise(resolve => { resolve(new Promise(resolve3 => { resolve3(7) })) }) }, reason => { console.log(reason, 'reason') }) .then( value => { console.log(value, 'vvvvvvvvvvvv') }, reason => { console.log(reason) })console.log(3)// then // then中的两个参数回调函数须要异步,setTimeout解决 // 如果promise参数函数外部抛出谬误,须要在then()中捕捉 => try ... catch // 如果promise中存在异步,then的回调不会执行 => 因为在执行then办法的时,state === 'pending' 不满足执行then两个回调的任何一个,而当setTimeout中的 resolve() 执行的时,then执行过了就不会再继续执行
new Promise()的参数必须是函数,非函数时会报错
原生:new Promise(1)TypeError: Promise resolver 1 is not a function模仿实现:class Promise { constructor(executor) { if (typeof executor !== 'function') { // 参数必须是函数,不是函数抛出谬误 throw new TypeError(`Promise resolver ${executor} is not a function`) } executor(this.resolve, this.reject) }}const promise = new Promise()// TypeError: Promise resolver undefined is not a function
resolve()办法的次要作用
- (1) 把状态 ( <font color=red>status</font> ) 从 ( <font color=red>pending -> fulfilled</font> )
- (2) 把终值 ( <font color=red>value</font> ) 赋值为 resolve()函数传入的 ( <font color=red>参数</font> )
(3) 把 ( <font color=red>onFulfilledCallback数组</font> ) 中的函数,依此取出执行
- 如果promise中存在异步操作时,then()比resolve()先执行
- 所以在then()办法中,须要向onFulfilledCallback数组中push进一个未来在resolve()中才会执行的函数
rejected()办法的次要作用
- (1) 把状态 ( <font color=red>status</font> ) 从 ( <font color=red>pending -> rejected</font> )
- (2) 把拒因 ( <font color=red>value</font> ) 赋值为 reject()函数传入的 ( <font color=red>参数</font> )
(3) 把 ( <font color=red>onRejectedCallback数组</font> ) 中的函数,依此取出执行
- 如果promise中存在异步操作时,then()比resolve()先执行
- 所以在then()办法中,须要向onFulfilledCallback数组中push进一个未来在reject()中才会执行的函数
class Promise {constructor(executor) { if (typeof executor !== 'function') { // 参数必须是函数,不是函数抛出谬误 throw new TypeError(`Promise resolver ${executor} is not a function`) } this.init() executor(this.resolve, this.reject)}init = () => { this.value = null // 终值,初始化 this.reason = null // 拒因,初始化 this.status = Promise.PENDING // 状态,初始化时pending this.onFulfilledCallbacks = [] // 胜利回调, 在then()办法中push,resolve()时执行 this.onRejectedCallbacks = [] // 失败回调,在then()办法中push,reject()时执行}resolve = (value) => { if (this.status === Promise.PENDING) { this.status = Promise.FULFILLED this.value = value this.onFulfilledCallbacks.forEach(fn => fn(value)) }}reject = (reason) => { if (this.status === Promise.PENDING) { this.status === Promise.REJECTED this.reason = reason this.onRejectedCallbacks.forEach(fn => fn(resaon)) }}then = (onFulfilled, onRejected) => { if (this.status === Promise.FULFILLED) { onFulfilled(this.value) } if (this.status === Promise.REJECTED) { onRejected(this.reason) } if (this.status === Promise.PENDING) { this.onFulfilledCallbacks.push((value) => onFulfilled(value)) this.onRejectedCallbacks.push((reason) => onRejected(reason)) }}}Promise.PENDING = 'pending'Promise.FULFILLED = 'fulfilled'Promise.REJECTED = 'rejected'const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {setTimeout(() => { resolve(1)})}).then(value => {console.log(value)}, reason => {console.log(reason)})
then()办法没有传参时
- 须要重写 onFulfilled函数,返回以后的终值 this.value
须要重写 onRejected函数,返回以后的拒因 this.reason,并抛出
then = (onFulfilled, onRejected) => { if (typeof onFulfilled !== this.FUNCTION) { // 没传onFulfilled参数,就重写该函数 // 将调用参数原样返回 // 这里没有间接写 (typeof onFulfilled !== 'function') 避免魔法字符串 onFulfilled = value => value } if (typeof onRejected !== this.FUNCTION) { // 没传onRejected参数,就重写该函数 // 抛出reason onRejected = reason => { throw reason } } if (this.status === this.FULFILLED) { // 是fulfilled状态是,才执行onFulfilled函数,参数是以后的终值 // 即状态扭转时为胜利时,增加的回调函数 // 这里传参和没有传参都会执行,没传参是执行重写过后的onFulfilled onFulfilled(this.value) } if (this.status === this.REJECTED) { onRejected(this.reason) } }
then()保障执行程序1
<font color=red>then()须要在同步代码执行完后,then()中的回调函数能力执行</font>
console.log(1)const promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {console.log(2)resolve(5)console.log(3)}).then(value => {console.log(value)}, reason => {console.log(reason)})console.log(4)问题:如何保障执行程序是 12345解决:then()是异步办法,即then()办法的参数回调须要在resolve()或reject()办法执行后才执行,用 ( 定时器 ) 解决阐明:如果不必定时器执行程序是 then = (onFulfilled, onRejected) => { if (typeof onFulfilled !== Promise.FUNCTION) { onFulfilled = value => value } if (typeof onRejected !== Promise.FUNCTION) { onRejected = reason => reason } if (this.status === Promise.FULFILLED) { setTimeout(() => { // 用setTimeout()来模仿异步执行onFulfilled,保障同步代码执行后再执行onFulfilled onFulfilled(this.value) }) } if (this.status === Promise.REJECTED) { setTimeout(() => { // 用setTimeout()来模仿异步执行onRejected,保障同步代码执行后再执行onRejected onRejected(this.reason) }) } if (this.status === Promise.PENDING) { this.onFulfilledCallbacks.push((value) => onFulfilled(value)) this.onRejectedCallbacks.push((reason) => onRejected(reason)) }}
then()保障执行程序2
- <font color=red>当promise中有有异步代码时,then()办法会比resolve()先执行,此时statuss='pending'状态</font>
<font color=red>而在then办法中并未增加状态是pending状态时的相干操作时,then()中的两个回调都不会执行</font>
console.log(1)new Promise((resolve, reject) => { console.log(2) setTimeout(() => resolve()) // 当这里有异步操作时,下面的代码打印只有 123,留神 4 并未打印 // 起因是then()办法在resolve()办法前执行了,因为resolve是异步的,导致 then() 中的状态还是 pending 状态 // 而在then办法中并为增加状态是pending状态时的相干操作}).then(() => console.log(4))console.log(3)问题:打印出了123,然而并未打印4剖析:1. 起因是then()办法在resolve()办法前执行了,因为resolve是异步的,导致 then() 中的状态还是 pending 状态2. 而在then办法中并为增加状态是pending状态时的相干操作解决:1. 在then()办法中增加pending状态下的相干判断 - 并向 onFulfilledCallbacks 数组中push一个方办法,该方中去调用 onFulfilled 办法,参数是以后的value - 并向 onRejectedCallbacks 数组中 push 一个办法,该方中去调用 onRejected 办法,参数是以后的reason2. 在resolve()办法中去循环 onFulfilledCallbacks 数组,并执行外面的函数,实参是 this.value2. 在reject()办法中去循环 onRejectedCallbacks 数组,并执行外面的函数,实参是 this.reasonthen = (onFulfilled, onRejected) => { ... if (this.status === this.PENDING) { // pending状态push函数到onFulfilledCallbacks数组 this.onFulfilledCallbacks.push(value => onFulfilled(value)) this.onRejectedCallbacks.push(reason => onRejected(reason)) } } resolve = (value) => { if (this.status === this.PENDING) { this.status = this.FULFILLED this.value = value this.onFulfilledCallbacks.forEach(fn => fn(this.value)) // 执行数组中的函数,并传入实参 } }reject = (reason) => { if (this.status === this.PENDING) { this.status = this.REJECTED this.reason = reason this.onRejectedCallbacks.forEach(fn => fn(this.reason)) } }
then()保障执行程序3
console.log(1)new Promise((resolve, reject) => { console.log(2) setTimeout(() => { resolve() console.log(4) // 要保障4比5先执行,因为4是同步代码 })}).then(() => console.log(5))console.log(3)问题:下面代码输入 12354 , 而真正的promise应该输入 12345剖析:因为resolve()前面还有同步代码,要保障前面的同步代码先执行解决:在向 onFulfilledCallbacks数组中push办法时,要再用 setTimeout包装,让resolve()前面的代码先执行 then = (onFulfilled, onRejected) => { ... if (this.status === this.PENDING) { this.onFulfilledCallbacks.push(value => { setTimeout(() => { // 再用setTimeout包装,保障resolve()前面的代码先于 then的回调函数 执行 onFulfilled(value) }, 0) }) this.onRejectedCallbacks.push(reason => { setTimeout(() => { onRejected(reason) }, 0) }) } }
then() 的链式调用
- <font color=red>then()办法返回的是新的promise实例,留神不是原来的,所以能够链式调用</font>
<font color=red>新的promise中参数函数的resolve的是onFufiled函数执行后返回的值</font>
then = (onFulfilled, onRejected) => { // 参数校验,穿透成果,即then不传任何参数具备穿透成果 if (typeof onFulfilled !== Promise.FUNCTION) { onFulfilled = value => value } // 参数校验,穿透成果,即then不传任何参数具备穿透成果 if (typeof onRejected !== Promise.FUNCTION) { onRejected = reason => reason } const promise2 = new Promise((resolve2, reject2) => { if (this.status === Promise.FULFILLED) { setTimeout(() => { const x = onFulfilled(this.value) // 将onFulfilled函数的返回值作为resolve()的参数,传给新的 then() 办法 resolve2(x) }) } if (this.status === Promise.REJECTED) { setTimeout(() => { const x = onRejected(this.reason) reject2(x) }) } if (this.status === Promise.PENDING) { this.onFulfilledCallbacks.push((value) => { setTimeout(() => { const x = onFulfilled(value) resolve2(x) }) }) this.onRejectedCallbacks.push((reason) => { setTimeout(() => { const x = onRejected(reason) reject2(x) }) }) } }) return promise2}
更具体then = (onFulfilled, onRejected) => { if(typeof onFulfilled !== 'function') { onFulfilled = (value) => value } if(typeof onRejected !== 'function') { onRejected = (reason) => { throw reason } } const promise2 = new Promise((resolve, reject) => { if (this.status === Promise.FULFILLED) { setTimeout(() => { try { const x = onFulfilled(this.value) // 将onFulfilled函数的返回值作为resolve()的参数,传给新的 then() 办法 resolve(x) // promise2的resolve的机会 } catch(err) { reject(err) // promise2的reject的机会 } }) } if (this.status === Promise.REJECTED) { setTimeout(() => { try { const x = onRejected(this.reason) resolve(x) } catch (err) { reject(err) } }) } if (this.status === Promise.PENDING) { this.onFulfilledCallbacks.push((value) => { setTimeout(() => { try { const x = onFulfilled(value) resolve(x) } catch(err) { reject(err) } }) }) this.onRejectedCallbacks.push((reason) => { setTimeout(() => { try { const x = onRejected(reason) resolve(x) } catch(err) { reject(err) } }) }) } }) return promise2 }
Promise.all()模仿实现
p = Promsie.all([p1, p2, p3])
- 返回值:Promise.all() 返回一个新的promise实例
参数:
- ( <font color=red>参数</font> ) 是一个 ( <font color=red>数组</font> ) 或者是具备 ( <font color=red>Iterator</font> ) 接口类型的数据,成员都是promsie实例
- 如果不是promsie实例就会调用Promsie.resolve()转成promsie实例
作用:
如果所有参数数组成员的状态,都变成了fulfilled,则整个状态变成fulfilled
- 此时 p1,p2,p3中resolve()的返回值,将组成一个数组,传递给p的回调函数
如果有一个参数数组成员的状态变成了rejected,则整个状态变成了rejected
- 此时,第一个被回绝的reject()的返回值,会传递给p的回调函数
- Promise.all()返回的是一个新的promise,即能够应用then获取resolve和reject的后果
- 参数是一个数组或者具备Iterator接口的数据
- 如果参数数组成员不是promise,就会被Promise.resolve()转成promise对象
- resolve的机会是所有参数成员都变成fulfilled状态时
reject的机会是只有有一个rejected状态时
Promise.all = (promises) => {
// 返回一个新的promise实例
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {const arr = [] let count = 0 // 记录fulfilled状态的promise个数 const promiseArr = Array.from(promises) // 参数除了数组还能够是具备Iterator接口的数据类型 const len = promiseArr.length for (let i = 0; i < len; i++) { Promise.resolve(promiseArr[i]).then(value => { // 如果参数不是promise,会调用Promise.resolve()转成promise count ++ // 进入这里,示意胜利的回调,即fulfilled状态 arr[i] = value // 将该胜利的promise装进数组 if (count === len) { console.log(count, 'count') resolve(arr) // 如果count和数组总长度相等,阐明都是fulfilled状态了 // 所有resolve的机会就是所有都变成fulfilled状态是resolve } }, reject) // 这里写的不欠缺,请看上面的最新补充 }
})
}const a = Promise.resolve(1)
const b = Promise.resolve(2)
const c = new Promise(resolve => {
setTimeout(() => {resolve(33)
})
})Promise.all([a, b, c]).then(value => console.log(value, 'value'))
2021/4/7批改 Promise.all 模仿实现
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>Document</title></head><body> <script> // 手写 Promise.all // 1. Promise.all返回的是一个新的promise // 2. Promise.all的参数是一个数组,成员是promise对象,如果不是promise对象会先把参数转成promise // 3. 所有成员fulfilled则整个状态变成 fulfilled // 4. 一个rejected则整个状态变成 rejected const promise1 = Promise.resolve(1) const promise2 = Promise.resolve(2) const promise3 = Promise.resolve(3) const promise4 = Promise.reject(new Error('出错了')) Promise.all2 = (promises) => { return new Promise((resolve, reject) => { // Promise.all()返回一个新的promise对象 const promisesArr = Array.from(promises) const len = promisesArr.length let count = 0 const results = [] for (let i = 0; i < len; i++) { Promise.resolve(promisesArr[i]).then(value => { // 如果参数不是promise则先转成promise count++ results.push(value) if (results.length === len) { resolve(results) // 当数组整个遍历完后,都没产生谬误的状况下,resolve(results) 整个终值数组 } }, reason => reject(reason)) // 只有一个产生谬误,整个 reject最先产生的拒因 } }) } Promise.all2([promise1, promise2, promise3]) // fulfilled .then(value => console.log(value)) .catch(err => console.log(err)) Promise.all2([promise1, promise2, promise3, promise4]) // rejected .then(value => console.log(value)) .catch(err => console.log(err)) </script></body></html>
Proimse.race()模仿实现
Promise.race = (promises) => { return new Promise((resolve, reject) => { const promiseArr = Array.from(promises) const len = promises.length for(let i = 0; i < len; i++) { Promise.resolve(promiseArr[i]).then(value => { resolve(value) // 间接resolve第一个then是胜利时的回调函数接管到的终值 }) } }) }
总结遇到的一些面试题 2021/04/10
(1) promise面试题1
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>Document</title></head><body> <script> console.log(1) setTimeout(() => { // 定时器 A console.log(2); Promise.resolve().then(() => { // Promise D console.log(3) }) }) new Promise((resolve, reject) => { // Promise B console.log(4) resolve(5) }).then((data) => { console.log(data) }) setTimeout(() => { // 定时器 C console.log(6) }) console.log(7)/**** 答案:1 4 7 5 2 3 6 剖析: 1. 第一次事件循环 同步工作:1 宏工作:[A, C] 微工作:[B] 输入:1 4 7 2. 第二次事件循环 遍历所有微工作[B] => 5 取出第一个宏工作[A] => 2 , 并将微工作D增加进工作队列,此时微工作队列 [D] 输入:5 2 3. 第三次事件循环 遍历所有微工作[D] => 3 取出第一个红工作[C] -> 6 输入:3 6*/ </script></body></html>
(2) promise面试题2
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>Document</title></head><body> <script> console.log(1) // A promise new Promise((resolve) => { console.log(2) resolve() console.log(3) }).then(res => { // E then console.log(4) // C 定时器 setTimeout(() => console.log(5)) }) console.log(6) // B 定时器 setTimeout(() => { console.log(7) // D promise new Promise((resolve) => { console.log(8) resolve() }).then(() => console.log(9)) // F then }) console.log(10) /** * 第一轮 Event loop * 1 => 同步工作,进入函数调用栈,立刻执行 * A => A的回调立刻执行 * 2 => 同步工作,立刻执行 * E => 微工作,进入微工作队列 * 3 => 同步工作,立刻执行 * 6 => 同步工作,立刻执行 * B => 宏工作,B的回调进入宏工作队列 * 10 => 同步工作,立刻执行 * 此时执行状况如下: * 输入:1,2,3,6,10 * 微工作:[E] * 宏工作:[B] * * 第二轮 Event loop * 清空微工作队列,取出宏工作队列的第一个成员 * E => 4 同步工作,立刻执行 * C 宏工作,进入宏工作队列,此时的宏工作队列 [B, C] * B => 7 同步工作,立刻执行 * D promise的回调立刻执行 * => 8 同步工作,立刻执行 * => F 微工作,进入微工作队列,此时的微工作队列 [F] * 此时执行状况如下: * 输入:4,7,8 * 微工作:[F] * 宏工作:[C] * * 第三轮 Event loop * 清空微工作队列,取出宏工作队列的第一个成员 * F => 9 同步工作,立刻执行 * C => 5 同步工作,立刻执行 * * 总的输入程序:1,2,3,6,10,4,7,8,9,5 */ </script></body></html>
材料
手写promise https://segmentfault.com/a/11...
手写promise https://juejin.im/post/684490...