CPU 相干

w:查看以后零碎的负载

[root@xiaojw ~]# w 14:02:34 up 272 days, 17:33,  1 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.03, 0.01USER     TTY      FROM             LOGIN@   IDLE   JCPU   PCPU WHATroot     pts/0    183.237.175.89   14:02    2.00s  0.26s  0.00s w# 14:02:34 up 272 days, 17:33,  1 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.03, 0.01# 工夫         零碎运行工夫       登录用户数  均匀负载(重要!):1分钟内,5分钟内,15分钟内# 均匀负载,值越大,阐明服务器压力越大;这个值只有不超过服务器的CPU数量即可

cat /proc/cupinfo:查看 CPU 相干的根本信息

[root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfoprocessor       : 0vendor_id       : GenuineIntelcpu family      : 6model           : 158model name      : Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-9400 CPU @ 2.90GHzstepping        : 13cpu MHz         : 2904.002cache size      : 9216 KBphysical id     : 0siblings        : 1core id         : 0cpu cores       : 1apicid          : 0initial apicid  : 0fpu             : yesfpu_exception   : yescpuid level     : 22wp              : yesflags           : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx rdtscp lm constant_tsc rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc eagerfpu pni pclmulqdq monitor ssse3 cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt aes xsave avx rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch invpcid_single fsgsbase avx2 invpcid rdseed clflushopt flush_l1dbogomips        : 5808.00clflush size    : 64cache_alignment : 64address sizes   : 39 bits physical, 48 bits virtualpower management:

top:显示过程所占的系统资源

top - 07:49:20 up 5 min,  1 user,  load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.01                                 # 零碎负载Tasks:  93 total,   1 running,  92 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie# 过程数%Cpu(s):  0.0 us,  0.0 sy,  0.0 ni,100.0 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st# CPU 应用状况KiB Mem :  2914272 total,  2560228 free,   222864 used,   131180 buff/cache# 内存应用状况KiB Swap:  3145724 total,  3145724 free,        0 used.  2542568 avail Mem# 替换分区应用状况  PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S %CPU %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND    1 root      20   0  128012   6596   4140 S  0.0  0.2   0:00.86 systemd    2 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 kthreadd    4 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 kworker/0:0H    5 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 kworker/u2:0    6 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.02 ksoftirqd/0    7 root      rt   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 migration/0    8 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 rcu_bh    9 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.25 rcu_sched   10 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 lru-add-drain   11 root      rt   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 watchdog/0   13 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 kdevtmpfs   14 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 netns   15 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 khungtaskd   16 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 writeback   17 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 kintegrityd   18 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 bioset   19 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 bioset# 按 shift + m:依照内存应用大小排序# 按 1:列出所有核CPU的应用状态# 按 q:退出

测试零碎负载,参考命令:

{ yes > /dev/null & } && sleep 30 && ps -ef | grep yes | awk '{print $2}' | xargs kill
for i in $( seq 0 $(($(cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep processor | wc -l)-1)) );do taskset -c $i yes > /dev/null & done && sleep 30 && ps -ef | grep yes | awk '{print $2}' | xargs kill

罕用形式:

  • top -p 过程号:只察看一个过程的状态
$ top -p 732top - 22:35:00 up 42 days, 11:16, 28 users,  load average: 0.00, 0.01, 0.05Tasks:   0 total,   0 running,   0 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie%Cpu(s):  0.2 us,  0.5 sy,  0.0 ni, 99.3 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 stKiB Mem :  3881920 total,   702676 free,   302076 used,  2877168 buff/cacheKiB Swap:        0 total,        0 free,        0 used.  1184568 avail Mem  PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S  %CPU %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND
  • top -p 过程号 -d 间隔时间 -n 刷新次数
  • 其余:

<!---->

  • -b:批处理模式
  • top -bn1:非动静打印系统资源的应用状况

对于内存

free:查看内存应用情况

[root@localhost ~]# free -m              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available           # 内存总大小   理论应用内存大小 闲暇内存大小 共享内存  缓冲/缓存      可应用内存Mem:           2845         211        2506           8         127        2488Swap:          3071           0        3071[root@localhost ~]# free -h  # 更便于浏览              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   availableMem:           2.8G        211M        2.4G        8.5M        127M        2.4GSwap:          3.0G          0B        3.0G

对于 IO

iostat(须要装置:yum install sysstat

  • -c:只看 CPU
  • -d:只看硬盘
[root@localhost ~]# iostat 1  # 1秒刷新一次Linux 3.10.0-1160.el7.x86_64 (localhost.localdomain)    2020年12月10日  _x86_64_        (1 CPU)avg-cpu:  %user   %nice %system %iowait  %steal   %idle           0.26    0.00    0.32    0.05    0.00   99.36Device:            tps    kB_read/s    kB_wrtn/s    kB_read    kB_wrtnsda               5.06       181.55        18.64     244793      25135dm-0              3.43       157.87        17.12     212867      23087dm-1              0.07         1.63         0.00       2204          0

iftop:相似于top的实时流量监控工具(须要装置能力应用)