作者：Escape
起源：https://escapelife.github.io/...
往往是因为网络传输的限度，导致很多时候，咱们须要在 Linux 零碎下进行大文件的切割。这样将一个大文件切割成为多个小文件，进行传输，传输结束之后进行合并即可。
- Linux 大文件的宰割与合并
- Linux 学习–文件宰割与合并
Linux下大文件切割与合并
1. 文件切割 - split
在 Linux 零碎下应用 split 命令进行大文件切割很不便
[1] 命令语法
# -a: 指定输入文件名的后缀长度(默认为2个:aa,ab...)# -d: 指定输入文件名的后缀用数字代替# -l: 行数宰割模式(指定每多少行切成一个小文件;默认行数是1000行)# -b: 二进制宰割模式(反对单位:k/m)# -C: 文件大小宰割模式(切割时尽量维持每行的完整性)split [-a] [-d] [-l <行数>] [-b <字节>] [-C <字节>] [要切割的文件] [输入文件名][2] 应用实例
# 行切割文件$ split -l 300000 users.sql /data/users_# 应用数字后缀$ split -d -l 300000 users.sql /data/users_# 按字节大小宰割$ split -d -b 100m users.sql /data/users_[3] 帮忙信息
# 帮忙信息$ split --helpUsage: split [OPTION]... [FILE [PREFIX]]Output pieces of FILE to PREFIXaa, PREFIXab, ...;default size is 1000 lines, and default PREFIX is 'x'.With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too. -a, --suffix-length=N generate suffixes of length N (default 2) 后缀名称的长度(默认为2) --additional-suffix=SUFFIX append an additional SUFFIX to file names -b, --bytes=SIZE put SIZE bytes per output file 每个输入文件的字节大小 -C, --line-bytes=SIZE put at most SIZE bytes of records per output file 每个输入文件的最大字节大小 -d use numeric suffixes starting at 0, not alphabetic 应用数字后缀代替字母后缀 --numeric-suffixes[=FROM] same as -d, but allow setting the start value -e, --elide-empty-files do not generate empty output files with '-n' 不产生空的输入文件 --filter=COMMAND write to shell COMMAND; file name is $FILE 写入到shell命令行 -l, --lines=NUMBER put NUMBER lines/records per output file 设定每个输入文件的行数 -n, --number=CHUNKS generate CHUNKS output files; see explanation below 产生chunks文件 -t, --separator=SEP use SEP instead of newline as the record separator; 应用新字符宰割 '\0' (zero) specifies the NUL character -u, --unbuffered immediately copy input to output with '-n r/...' 无需缓存 --verbose print a diagnostic just before each 显示宰割进度 output file is opened --help display this help and exit 显示帮忙信息 --version output version information and exit 显示版本信息The SIZE argument is an integer and optional unit (example: 10K is 10*1024).Units are K,M,G,T,P,E,Z,Y (powers of 1024) or KB,MB,... (powers of 1000).CHUNKS may be: N split into N files based on size of input K/N output Kth of N to stdout l/N split into N files without splitting lines/records l/K/N output Kth of N to stdout without splitting lines/records r/N like 'l' but use round robin distribution r/K/N likewise but only output Kth of N to stdoutGNU coreutils online help: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>Full documentation at: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/split>or available locally via: info '(coreutils) split invocation'2. 文件合并 - cat
在 Linux 零碎下应用 cat 命令进行多个小文件的合并也很不便
[1] 命令语法
# -n: 显示行号# -e: 以$字符作为每行的结尾# -t: 显示TAB字符(^I)cat [-n] [-e] [-t] [输入文件名][2] 应用实例
# 合并文件$ cat /data/users_* > users.sql[3] 帮忙信息
# 帮忙信息$ cat --hUsage: cat [OPTION]... [FILE]...Concatenate FILE(s) to standard output.With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input. -A, --show-all equivalent to -vET -b, --number-nonblank number nonempty output lines, overrides -n -e equivalent to -vE -E, --show-ends display $ at end of each line -n, --number number all output lines -s, --squeeze-blank suppress repeated empty output lines -t equivalent to -vT -T, --show-tabs display TAB characters as ^I -u (ignored) -v, --show-nonprinting use ^ and M- notation, except for LFD and TAB --help display this help and exit --version output version information and exitExamples: cat f - g Output f's contents, then standard input, then g's contents. cat Copy standard input to standard output.GNU coreutils online help: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>Full documentation at: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/cat>or available locally via: info '(coreutils) cat invocation'近期热文举荐：
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