9 通讯录管理系统
咱们要用之前学的所有常识做一个通讯录管理系统。须要实现上面几个性能：
- 增加通讯录
- 显示通讯录
- 删除通讯录
- 查找通讯录
- 批改通讯录
- 清空通讯录
- 退出通讯录
我决定分两层来写，一层 Manager 用来治理和主界面交互的性能，另一层 AddressBook 用来管制底层的存储逻辑。
底层的头文件和源文件如下：
//AddressBook.h#pragma once#include<iostream>#include<string>#define MAX 1000using namespace std;struct Node { string name; bool gender; int year; string phone; string address;};struct Book { Node nodes[MAX]{}; int size = 0;};void addBook(Book&, string, bool, int, string, string);void delByNum(Book&, int);void getBook(const Book&);void findBookByName(const Book&, string);void setBookByName(Book&, string, bool, int, string, string);void delAll(Book&);这个头文件定义了一个 node 构造，负责存储每一个具体的人的信息。又定义了一个 Book 构造，存储了一个 node 数组用来存储整个通讯录，并且存储了一个 size 变量用于存储通讯录中有多少集体的信息。并且咱们定义了减少、删除、显示、查找、设置、清空这六项性能。
咱们在源文件中实现了这些性能：
//AddressBook.cpp#include"AddressBook.h"void addBook(Book& book, string name, bool gender, int year, string phone, string address) { book.nodes[book.size] = { name,gender,year,phone,address }; book.size++;}void delByNum(Book& book, int num) { for (int i = num - 1; i < book.size - 1; i++) { book.nodes[i] = book.nodes[i + 1]; } book.size--;}void getBook(const Book& book) { for (int i = 0; i < book.size; i++) { cout << '|' << i + 1 << '\t'; cout << '|' << book.nodes[i].name << '\t' << '|'; if (book.nodes[i].gender) { cout << "Male"; } else { cout << "Female"; } cout << '\t' << '|' << book.nodes[i].year << '\t' << '|' << book.nodes[i].phone << '\t' << '|' << book.nodes[i].address << '\t' << '|' << endl; }}void findBookByName(const Book& book, string name) { for (int i = 0; i < book.size; i++) { if (book.nodes[i].name == name) { cout << '|' << i + 1 << '\t'; cout << '|' << book.nodes[i].name << '\t' << '|'; if (book.nodes[i].gender) { cout << "Male"; } else { cout << "Female"; } cout << '\t' << '|' << book.nodes[i].year << '\t' << '|' << book.nodes[i].phone << '\t' << '|' << book.nodes[i].address << '\t' << '|' << endl; goto FLAG; } } cout << "no founding." << endl;FLAG: cout << endl;}void setBookByName(Book& book, string name, bool gender, int year, string phone, string address) { for (int i = 0; i < book.size; i++) { if (book.nodes[i].name == name) { book.nodes[i].gender = gender; book.nodes[i].year = year; book.nodes[i].phone = phone; book.nodes[i].address = address; goto FLAG; } } cout << "no founding." << endl;FLAG: cout << endl;}void delAll(Book& book) { book.size = 0;}然而这些性能只是负责底层交互的，然而这些函数都须要很多的参数，调用的时候如果还要写很多的语句来补充参数代码看起来就很简单。所以咱们须要再封装一层，把取得参数的这些语句也封装起来。
咱们抉择把这些性能再放在 Manager 层。
//Manager.h#pragma once#include"AddressBook.h"void mAddBook(Book& book);void mDelByNum(Book& book);void mGetBook(const Book& book);void mFindBookByName(const Book& book);void mSetBookByName(Book& book);void mDelAll(Book& book);咱们同样在源文件中把这些性能实现：
//Manager.cpp#include"Manager.h"void mAddBook(Book& book) { cout << "请输出姓名："; string name; cin >> name; cout << "请输出性别（男1，女0）："; bool gender; cin >> gender; cout << "请输出年龄："; int year; cin >> year; cout << "请输出电话号码："; string phone; cin >> phone; cout << "请输出地址："; string address; cin >> address; addBook(book, name, gender, year, phone, address); cout << "增加胜利！" << endl;}void mDelByNum(Book& book) { cout << "请输出须要删除的编号："; int num; cin >> num; delByNum(book, num); cout << "删除胜利！" << endl;}void mGetBook(const Book& book) { getBook(book);}void mFindBookByName(const Book& book) { cout << "请输出要搜寻的人名："; string name; cin >> name; findBookByName(book, name);}void mSetBookByName(Book& book) { cout << "请输出姓名："; string name; cin >> name; cout << "请输出性别（男1，女0）："; bool gender; cin >> gender; cout << "请输出年龄："; int year; cin >> year; cout << "请输出电话号码："; string phone; cin >> phone; cout << "请输出地址："; string address; cin >> address; setBookByName(book, name, gender, year, phone, address); cout << "设置胜利！" << endl;}void mDelAll(Book& book) { delAll(book); cout << "已清空！" << endl;}最初咱们在主程序中写出整个的面板：
//main.cpp#include"Manager.h"int main() { Book booky; cout << "****************" << endl; cout << "**1.增加通讯录**" << endl; cout << "**2.显示通讯录**" << endl; cout << "**3.删除通讯录**" << endl; cout << "**4.查找通讯录**" << endl; cout << "**5.批改通讯录**" << endl; cout << "**6.清空通讯录**" << endl; cout << "**7.退出通讯录**" << endl; cout << "****************" << endl; int op; cin >> op; while (op!=7) { switch (op) { case 1: mAddBook(booky); break; case 2: mGetBook(booky); break; case 3: mDelByNum(booky); break; case 4: mFindBookByName(booky); break; case 5: mSetBookByName(booky); break; case 6: mDelAll(booky); break; default: cout << "谬误操作符！从新输出。"; } cin.get(); cin.get(); cout << "****************" << endl; cout << "**1.增加通讯录**" << endl; cout << "**2.显示通讯录**" << endl; cout << "**3.删除通讯录**" << endl; cout << "**4.查找通讯录**" << endl; cout << "**5.批改通讯录**" << endl; cout << "**6.清空通讯录**" << endl; cout << "**7.退出通讯录**" << endl; cout << "****************" << endl; cin >> op; } cout << "已退出通讯录。" << endl; return 0;}这样就最终失去了咱们的零碎。
到目前为止，咱们根本实现了 C++ 中 C 语言包含的局部的根底内容。在下一个板块中，咱们会持续学习对于 C++ 多出 C 语言的局部，包含面向对象编程、泛型编程等等。