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环境搭建

import com.zhisan.spring.service.UserService;import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;public class MainXml {    public static void main(String[] args) {        // XML形式        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml");        UserService userService = applicationContext.getBean("userService", UserService.class);        userService.login();    }}

resource/spring.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"       xsi:schemaLocation="          http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd">    <bean id="userService" class="com.zhisan.spring.service.UserService"></bean></beans>
package com.zhisan.spring.service;public class UserService {    public void login() {        System.out.println("login");    }}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>    <groupId>com.zhisan</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-study</artifactId>    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>    <dependencies>        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>            <version>5.2.10.RELEASE</version>        </dependency>    </dependencies></project>

浏览

咱们先省略掉XML局部的解决逻辑,咱们把他分为解决前,解决后,解决中;而AbstractApplicationContext这个抽象类,就根本蕴含了大部分的解决中的操作逻辑,咱们先从这个类动手,ClassPathXmlApplicationContext构造方法中打个断点,开始浏览!

咱们先看看这个类的抽象类org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext的UML关系图。

形象利用容器构造方法(AbstractApplicationContext)

org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext#AbstractApplicationContext(org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext)
/** * Create a new AbstractApplicationContext with the given parent context. * @param parent the parent context */public AbstractApplicationContext(@Nullable ApplicationContext parent) {    this();    setParent(parent);}

设置了一些简略的参数,没有理论bean操作逻辑。

刷新(refresh)

org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext#refresh

没错,这次又来到了这个办法,我在源码解析:Spring Boot启动流程(一)文章中有对这部分简略的正文,我间接照搬过去。

public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {    synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {        StartupStep contextRefresh = this.applicationStartup.start("spring.context.refresh");        // 筹备刷新        // tip:一些设置参数,可不细看        prepareRefresh();        // 通知子类刷新外部 bean 工厂        // 获取刷新 bean 工厂        ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();        // 筹备 bean 工厂        prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);        try {            // 容许在上下文子类中对 bean 工厂进行后处理。            // tip:这部分波及Web服务器的启动,如servlet            postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);            StartupStep beanPostProcess = this.applicationStartup.start("spring.context.beans.post-process");            // 调用在上下文中注册为 bean 的工厂处理器。            invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);            // 注册拦挡 bean 创立的 bean 处理器。            registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);            beanPostProcess.end();            // 初始化此上下文的音讯源。            initMessageSource();            // 为此上下文初始化事件多播器。            initApplicationEventMulticaster();            // 初始化特定上下文子类中的其余非凡 bean。            onRefresh();            // 查看侦听器 bean 并注册它们。            registerListeners();            // 实例化所有残余的(非提早初始化)单例。            finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);            // 最初一步:公布相应的事件。            finishRefresh();        }        catch (BeansException ex) {            if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {                logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +                        "cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);            }            // Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.            destroyBeans();            // Reset 'active' flag.            cancelRefresh(ex);            // Propagate exception to caller.            throw ex;        }        finally {            // Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we            // might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...            resetCommonCaches();            contextRefresh.end();        }    }}

这次咱们对每个办法都进行深刻的解析。

首先synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor)锁住“刷新”和“销毁”的同步监视器。
而后进入刷新前的筹备阶段。

筹备刷新(prepareRefresh)

org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext#prepareRefresh
/** * 筹备此上下文以进行刷新、设置其启动日期和流动标记以及执行属性源的任何初始化。 */protected void prepareRefresh() {    // 记录启动工夫    this.startupDate = System.currentTimeMillis();    // 设置敞开状态为false    this.closed.set(false);    // 切换容器的状态为激活    this.active.set(true);    // 判断以后是否启用了调试日志记录    if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {        // 以后是否启用了跟踪日志记录        if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {            logger.trace("Refreshing " + this);        }        else {            logger.debug("Refreshing " + getDisplayName());        }    }    // 在上下文环境中初始化任何占位符属性源    // tip:没有理论作用,交给子类去实现。    initPropertySources();    // 验证所有标记为必须的属性都是可解析的:    // 参见 ConfigurablePropertyResolver#setRequiredProperties    // 这部分getEnvironment我省略了,次要看校验的逻辑。    getEnvironment().validateRequiredProperties();    // 存储预刷新应用程序侦听器    if (this.earlyApplicationListeners == null) {        this.earlyApplicationListeners = new LinkedHashSet<>(this.applicationListeners);    }    else {        // 将本地应用程序侦听器重置为预刷新状态.        this.applicationListeners.clear();        this.applicationListeners.addAll(this.earlyApplicationListeners);    }    // 容许收集晚期的 ApplicationEvents,    // 一旦多播器可用就公布...    this.earlyApplicationEvents = new LinkedHashSet<>();}

下面过了一个大略的流程,基本上大部分都是环境筹备步骤,以上能够拆分的几个点如下:

  • validateRequiredProperties 校验必须属性
验证必须的属性(validateRequiredProperties)
org.springframework.core.env.AbstractPropertyResolver#validateRequiredProperties
@Overridepublic void validateRequiredProperties() {    // 缺失必须属性异样    MissingRequiredPropertiesException ex = new MissingRequiredPropertiesException();    for (String key : this.requiredProperties) {        if (this.getProperty(key) == null) {            ex.addMissingRequiredProperty(key);        }    }    // 任何一个必须属性为空都会抛出异样    if (!ex.getMissingRequiredProperties().isEmpty()) {        throw ex;    }}

持续往下浏览,根本环境准备就绪了,咱们接下来就要创立一个bean工厂了。

取得Bean工厂(obtainFreshBeanFactory)

org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext#obtainFreshBeanFactory
/** * Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factor. * @return the fresh BeanFactory instance * @see #refreshBeanFactory() * @see #getBeanFactory() */protected ConfigurableListableBeanFactory obtainFreshBeanFactory() {    // 刷新bean工厂    refreshBeanFactory();    // 取得bean工厂    return getBeanFactory();}

其中蕴含refreshBeanFactory这个办法,它用于创立和初始化bean工厂,以及bean定义的初始化。

刷新 Bean 工厂(refreshBeanFactory)
org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext#refreshBeanFactory
/** * 此实现执行此上下文的底层 bean 工厂的理论刷新,敞开先前的 bean 工厂(如果有)并为上下文生命周期的下一个阶段初始化一个新的 bean 工厂。 */@Overrideprotected final void refreshBeanFactory() throws BeansException {    // 是否存在bean工厂    if (hasBeanFactory()) {        // 销毁bean工厂        destroyBeans();        // 敞开bean工厂        closeBeanFactory();    }    try {        // 创立新的bean工厂(初始化工厂)        DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = createBeanFactory();        // 设置ID        beanFactory.setSerializationId(getId());        // 自定义 Bean 工厂(能够疏忽)        customizeBeanFactory(beanFactory);        // 加载bean定义(这里是注册bean定义的入口,能够深入研究)        loadBeanDefinitions(beanFactory);        // 设置bean工厂以后对象        this.beanFactory = beanFactory;    }    catch (IOException ex) {        throw new ApplicationContextException("I/O error parsing bean definition source for " + getDisplayName(), ex);    }}

这部分有几个比拟重要的几个办法要独自抽取进去解释:

  • createBeanFactory(用于初始化bean工厂)
  • loadBeanDefinitions(加载bean定义)

    • initBeanDefinitionReader(初始化bean定义阅读器)此处能够疏忽
    • loadBeanDefinitions(加载bean定义)
总结

因为obtainFreshBeanFactory这个办法做了不少事件,所以咱们做一个小小的总结。

  • 创立bean工厂(beanFactory)
  • 读取资源(这里是spring.xml文件)
  • 加载bean定义(beanDefinitions)

以及几个用于注册bean定义的源码入口能够深刻的去浏览。

  • BeanDefinitionReaderUtils
  • DefaultListableBeanFactory

最初返回一个beanFactory用于前面所有操作的bean工厂,也是这个办法的目标。

筹备Bean工厂(prepareBeanFactory)

org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext#prepareBeanFactory
/** * 配置工厂的规范上下文特色,例如上下文的 ClassLoader 和后处理器。 */protected void prepareBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {    // Tell the internal bean factory to use the context's class loader etc.    beanFactory.setBeanClassLoader(getClassLoader());    beanFactory.setBeanExpressionResolver(new StandardBeanExpressionResolver(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));    beanFactory.addPropertyEditorRegistrar(new ResourceEditorRegistrar(this, getEnvironment()));    // Configure the bean factory with context callbacks.    beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationContextAwareProcessor(this));    beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(EnvironmentAware.class);    beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(EmbeddedValueResolverAware.class);    beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ResourceLoaderAware.class);    beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationEventPublisherAware.class);    beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(MessageSourceAware.class);    beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationContextAware.class);    // BeanFactory interface not registered as resolvable type in a plain factory.    // MessageSource registered (and found for autowiring) as a bean.    beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(BeanFactory.class, beanFactory);    beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ResourceLoader.class, this);    beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ApplicationEventPublisher.class, this);    beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ApplicationContext.class, this);    // Register early post-processor for detecting inner beans as ApplicationListeners.    beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationListenerDetector(this));    // Detect a LoadTimeWeaver and prepare for weaving, if found.    if (beanFactory.containsBean(LOAD_TIME_WEAVER_BEAN_NAME)) {        beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new LoadTimeWeaverAwareProcessor(beanFactory));        // Set a temporary ClassLoader for type matching.        beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(new ContextTypeMatchClassLoader(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader()));    }    // Register default environment beans.    if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME)) {        beanFactory.registerSingleton(ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment());    }    if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_BEAN_NAME)) {        beanFactory.registerSingleton(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment().getSystemProperties());    }    if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME)) {        beanFactory.registerSingleton(SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment().getSystemEnvironment());    }}

一些默认参数的设置,不细究。

后置解决bean工厂(postProcessBeanFactory)

org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext#postProcessBeanFactory

这部分是预留的,用于扩大。

总结

上篇次要蕴含了如下几个内容。

  • 环境筹备
  • 初始化bean工厂
  • 读取资源(能够为xml或者注解形式)
  • 加载bean定义

上篇到此,下篇会讲对于实例化和初始化相干入口。