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环境搭建
import com.zhisan.spring.service.UserService;import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;public class MainXml { public static void main(String[] args) { // XML形式 ClassPathXmlApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring.xml"); UserService userService = applicationContext.getBean("userService", UserService.class); userService.login(); }}
resource/spring.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd"> <bean id="userService" class="com.zhisan.spring.service.UserService"></bean></beans>
package com.zhisan.spring.service;public class UserService { public void login() { System.out.println("login"); }}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.zhisan</groupId> <artifactId>spring-study</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>5.2.10.RELEASE</version> </dependency> </dependencies></project>
浏览
咱们先省略掉XML局部的解决逻辑,咱们把他分为解决前,解决后,解决中;而AbstractApplicationContext这个抽象类,就根本蕴含了大部分的解决中的操作逻辑,咱们先从这个类动手,ClassPathXmlApplicationContext构造方法中打个断点,开始浏览!
咱们先看看这个类的抽象类org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext的UML关系图。
形象利用容器构造方法(AbstractApplicationContext)
org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext#AbstractApplicationContext(org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext)
/** * Create a new AbstractApplicationContext with the given parent context. * @param parent the parent context */public AbstractApplicationContext(@Nullable ApplicationContext parent) { this(); setParent(parent);}
设置了一些简略的参数,没有理论bean操作逻辑。
刷新(refresh)
org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext#refresh
没错,这次又来到了这个办法,我在源码解析:Spring Boot启动流程(一)文章中有对这部分简略的正文,我间接照搬过去。
public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException { synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) { StartupStep contextRefresh = this.applicationStartup.start("spring.context.refresh"); // 筹备刷新 // tip:一些设置参数,可不细看 prepareRefresh(); // 通知子类刷新外部 bean 工厂 // 获取刷新 bean 工厂 ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory(); // 筹备 bean 工厂 prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory); try { // 容许在上下文子类中对 bean 工厂进行后处理。 // tip:这部分波及Web服务器的启动,如servlet postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory); StartupStep beanPostProcess = this.applicationStartup.start("spring.context.beans.post-process"); // 调用在上下文中注册为 bean 的工厂处理器。 invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory); // 注册拦挡 bean 创立的 bean 处理器。 registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory); beanPostProcess.end(); // 初始化此上下文的音讯源。 initMessageSource(); // 为此上下文初始化事件多播器。 initApplicationEventMulticaster(); // 初始化特定上下文子类中的其余非凡 bean。 onRefresh(); // 查看侦听器 bean 并注册它们。 registerListeners(); // 实例化所有残余的(非提早初始化)单例。 finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory); // 最初一步:公布相应的事件。 finishRefresh(); } catch (BeansException ex) { if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) { logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " + "cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex); } // Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources. destroyBeans(); // Reset 'active' flag. cancelRefresh(ex); // Propagate exception to caller. throw ex; } finally { // Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we // might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore... resetCommonCaches(); contextRefresh.end(); } }}
这次咱们对每个办法都进行深刻的解析。
首先synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor)锁住“刷新”和“销毁”的同步监视器。
而后进入刷新前的筹备阶段。
筹备刷新(prepareRefresh)
org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext#prepareRefresh
/** * 筹备此上下文以进行刷新、设置其启动日期和流动标记以及执行属性源的任何初始化。 */protected void prepareRefresh() { // 记录启动工夫 this.startupDate = System.currentTimeMillis(); // 设置敞开状态为false this.closed.set(false); // 切换容器的状态为激活 this.active.set(true); // 判断以后是否启用了调试日志记录 if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { // 以后是否启用了跟踪日志记录 if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) { logger.trace("Refreshing " + this); } else { logger.debug("Refreshing " + getDisplayName()); } } // 在上下文环境中初始化任何占位符属性源 // tip:没有理论作用,交给子类去实现。 initPropertySources(); // 验证所有标记为必须的属性都是可解析的: // 参见 ConfigurablePropertyResolver#setRequiredProperties // 这部分getEnvironment我省略了,次要看校验的逻辑。 getEnvironment().validateRequiredProperties(); // 存储预刷新应用程序侦听器 if (this.earlyApplicationListeners == null) { this.earlyApplicationListeners = new LinkedHashSet<>(this.applicationListeners); } else { // 将本地应用程序侦听器重置为预刷新状态. this.applicationListeners.clear(); this.applicationListeners.addAll(this.earlyApplicationListeners); } // 容许收集晚期的 ApplicationEvents, // 一旦多播器可用就公布... this.earlyApplicationEvents = new LinkedHashSet<>();}
下面过了一个大略的流程,基本上大部分都是环境筹备步骤,以上能够拆分的几个点如下:
- validateRequiredProperties 校验必须属性
验证必须的属性(validateRequiredProperties)
org.springframework.core.env.AbstractPropertyResolver#validateRequiredProperties
@Overridepublic void validateRequiredProperties() { // 缺失必须属性异样 MissingRequiredPropertiesException ex = new MissingRequiredPropertiesException(); for (String key : this.requiredProperties) { if (this.getProperty(key) == null) { ex.addMissingRequiredProperty(key); } } // 任何一个必须属性为空都会抛出异样 if (!ex.getMissingRequiredProperties().isEmpty()) { throw ex; }}
持续往下浏览,根本环境准备就绪了,咱们接下来就要创立一个bean工厂了。
取得Bean工厂(obtainFreshBeanFactory)
org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext#obtainFreshBeanFactory
/** * Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factor. * @return the fresh BeanFactory instance * @see #refreshBeanFactory() * @see #getBeanFactory() */protected ConfigurableListableBeanFactory obtainFreshBeanFactory() { // 刷新bean工厂 refreshBeanFactory(); // 取得bean工厂 return getBeanFactory();}
其中蕴含refreshBeanFactory这个办法,它用于创立和初始化bean工厂,以及bean定义的初始化。
刷新 Bean 工厂(refreshBeanFactory)
org.springframework.context.support.AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext#refreshBeanFactory
/** * 此实现执行此上下文的底层 bean 工厂的理论刷新,敞开先前的 bean 工厂(如果有)并为上下文生命周期的下一个阶段初始化一个新的 bean 工厂。 */@Overrideprotected final void refreshBeanFactory() throws BeansException { // 是否存在bean工厂 if (hasBeanFactory()) { // 销毁bean工厂 destroyBeans(); // 敞开bean工厂 closeBeanFactory(); } try { // 创立新的bean工厂(初始化工厂) DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = createBeanFactory(); // 设置ID beanFactory.setSerializationId(getId()); // 自定义 Bean 工厂(能够疏忽) customizeBeanFactory(beanFactory); // 加载bean定义(这里是注册bean定义的入口,能够深入研究) loadBeanDefinitions(beanFactory); // 设置bean工厂以后对象 this.beanFactory = beanFactory; } catch (IOException ex) { throw new ApplicationContextException("I/O error parsing bean definition source for " + getDisplayName(), ex); }}
这部分有几个比拟重要的几个办法要独自抽取进去解释:
- createBeanFactory(用于初始化bean工厂)
loadBeanDefinitions(加载bean定义)
- initBeanDefinitionReader(初始化bean定义阅读器)此处能够疏忽
- loadBeanDefinitions(加载bean定义)
总结
因为obtainFreshBeanFactory这个办法做了不少事件,所以咱们做一个小小的总结。
- 创立bean工厂(beanFactory)
- 读取资源(这里是spring.xml文件)
- 加载bean定义(beanDefinitions)
以及几个用于注册bean定义的源码入口能够深刻的去浏览。
- BeanDefinitionReaderUtils
- DefaultListableBeanFactory
最初返回一个beanFactory用于前面所有操作的bean工厂,也是这个办法的目标。
筹备Bean工厂(prepareBeanFactory)
org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext#prepareBeanFactory
/** * 配置工厂的规范上下文特色,例如上下文的 ClassLoader 和后处理器。 */protected void prepareBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) { // Tell the internal bean factory to use the context's class loader etc. beanFactory.setBeanClassLoader(getClassLoader()); beanFactory.setBeanExpressionResolver(new StandardBeanExpressionResolver(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader())); beanFactory.addPropertyEditorRegistrar(new ResourceEditorRegistrar(this, getEnvironment())); // Configure the bean factory with context callbacks. beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationContextAwareProcessor(this)); beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(EnvironmentAware.class); beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(EmbeddedValueResolverAware.class); beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ResourceLoaderAware.class); beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationEventPublisherAware.class); beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(MessageSourceAware.class); beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationContextAware.class); // BeanFactory interface not registered as resolvable type in a plain factory. // MessageSource registered (and found for autowiring) as a bean. beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(BeanFactory.class, beanFactory); beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ResourceLoader.class, this); beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ApplicationEventPublisher.class, this); beanFactory.registerResolvableDependency(ApplicationContext.class, this); // Register early post-processor for detecting inner beans as ApplicationListeners. beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationListenerDetector(this)); // Detect a LoadTimeWeaver and prepare for weaving, if found. if (beanFactory.containsBean(LOAD_TIME_WEAVER_BEAN_NAME)) { beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new LoadTimeWeaverAwareProcessor(beanFactory)); // Set a temporary ClassLoader for type matching. beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(new ContextTypeMatchClassLoader(beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader())); } // Register default environment beans. if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME)) { beanFactory.registerSingleton(ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment()); } if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_BEAN_NAME)) { beanFactory.registerSingleton(SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment().getSystemProperties()); } if (!beanFactory.containsLocalBean(SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME)) { beanFactory.registerSingleton(SYSTEM_ENVIRONMENT_BEAN_NAME, getEnvironment().getSystemEnvironment()); }}
一些默认参数的设置,不细究。
后置解决bean工厂(postProcessBeanFactory)
org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext#postProcessBeanFactory
这部分是预留的,用于扩大。
总结
上篇次要蕴含了如下几个内容。
- 环境筹备
- 初始化bean工厂
- 读取资源(能够为xml或者注解形式)
- 加载bean定义
上篇到此,下篇会讲对于实例化和初始化相干入口。