本篇文章将介绍java中如何生成二维码,二维码的展现次要包含两各方面:
1.间接生成图片(间接生成图片不须要web程序,maven工程即可)
2.将二维码转为字节数组,而后在web页面显示。web我的项目的目录构造以后面的一篇文章中的目录构造为根底(传送门)。
生成二维码的性能次要是依赖Google的Zxing包。
1.增加Zxing的依赖(maven工程为例)
<dependency> <groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId> <artifactId>core</artifactId> <version>3.3.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId> <artifactId>javase</artifactId> <version>3.3.0</version> </dependency>
2.保存信息为二维码图片
名为generateQRCodeImage办法,将字符串封装成二维码、设置二维码的宽度和高度、申明二维码保留的门路与图片名称。
package org.thinkingingis.utils; import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.nio.file.FileSystems;import java.nio.file.Path; import com.google.zxing.BarcodeFormat;import com.google.zxing.WriterException;import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.MatrixToImageWriter;import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;import com.google.zxing.qrcode.QRCodeWriter; public class QRCodeGenerator { private static final String QR_CODE_IMAGE_PATH = "/Users/gisboy/Desktop/MyQRCode.png"; private static void generateQRCodeImage(String text, int width, int height, String filePath) throws WriterException, IOException { QRCodeWriter qrCodeWriter = new QRCodeWriter(); BitMatrix bitMatrix = qrCodeWriter.encode(text, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, width, height); Path path = FileSystems.getDefault().getPath(filePath); MatrixToImageWriter.writeToPath(bitMatrix, "PNG", path); } public static void main(String[] args) { try { generateQRCodeImage("This is my first QR Code", 350, 350, QR_CODE_IMAGE_PATH); } catch (WriterException e) { System.out.println("Could not generate QR Code, WriterException :: " + e.getMessage()); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println("Could not generate QR Code, IOException :: " + e.getMessage()); } } }
下面的代码将会生成一个内容为“This is my first QR Code”二维码,并保留在桌面,如下图:
下面的办法是将二维码保留为图片,如果你不想将二维码保留为图片,也能够将其保留为字节数组,能够用zxing 库提供的MatrixToImageWriter.writeToStream()办法:
public static byte[] getQRCodeImage(String text, int width, int height) throws WriterException, IOException { QRCodeWriter qrCodeWriter = new QRCodeWriter(); BitMatrix bitMatrix = qrCodeWriter.encode(text, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, width, height); ByteArrayOutputStream pngOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); MatrixToImageWriter.writeToStream(bitMatrix, "PNG", pngOutputStream); byte[] pngData = pngOutputStream.toByteArray(); return pngData; }
这个办法能够将字节数组在web页面展现为图片模式。联合Spring Boot + Thymeleaf搭建的web工程,如果想在页面显示该二维码信息的话,须要在html页面和controller中实现如下代码:
qrcode.html
<!DOCTYPE HTML><html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"><head> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="webjars/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css"/> <script type="text/javascript" src="webjars/jquery/2.2.4/jquery.min.js"></script></head><body><div th:replace="fragments/header :: header"></div><div class="container"> <div class="starter-template"> <h1>QrCodeImage</h1> </div></div><div class="container"> <img alt="qrcode" th:src="@{'/qrimage'}" /> <footer> <p> © <a >ThinkingInGIS</a> 2019 </p> </footer></div></body></html>
DefaultController.java
@GetMapping("qrcode") public String qrcode() { return "/qrcode"; } @GetMapping(value="/qrimage") public ResponseEntity<byte[]> getQRImage() { //二维码内的信息 String info = "This is my first QR Code"; byte[] qrcode = null; try { qrcode = QRCodeGenerator.getQRCodeImage(info, 360, 360); } catch (WriterException e) { System.out.println("Could not generate QR Code, WriterException :: " + e.getMessage()); e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println("Could not generate QR Code, IOException :: " + e.getMessage()); } // Set headers final HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders(); headers.setContentType(MediaType.IMAGE_PNG); return new ResponseEntity<byte[]> (qrcode, headers, HttpStatus.CREATED); }
请留神qrcode.html中<img>标签中 src属性的值。