什么是办法援用?

Lambda还有一个十分重要的性能,就是办法援用。办法援用能够了解为lambda表达式的简便写法。办法援用是用来间接拜访类或者实例的曾经存在的办法或构造方法(函数),它比lambda表达式更加的简洁,更高的可读性,更好的复用性。


办法援用的语法

类名(或实例)::办法名

办法援用的分类

办法援用类型语法Lambda表达式
静态方法援用类名::staticMethod(args)->类名.staticMethod(args)
实例办法援用instance::instMethod(args)->instance::instMethod(args)
对象办法援用类名::instMethod(instance,args)->类名::instMethod(args)
<u>构造方法援用</u><u>类名::new</u><u>(args)->new 类名(args)</u>

构造方法援用的定义

函数式接口的实现能够通过调用一个类的构造方法来实现,就能够称之为构造方法援用。

构造方法援用的示例

废话少说,间接上干货,代码示例中都有重要正文

无输出参数,无返回值
构造方法援用,调用无参构造方法,因为实例对象无需返回,这个测试实际上没什么意义。
public class LambdaConstructorTest {    /**     * 无参数,无返回值     */    @Test    public void test() {        /**         * Runnable函数式接口,无参无返回值,         * 然而new Student() 仅仅创立一个对象,不作return解决         */        Runnable r1 = () -> new Student();        // r1能够改写为构造方法援用,调用无参构造方法        Runnable r2 = Student::new;        r1.run();        r2.run();    }}class Student {    private String name;    private Integer age;    public Student() {        System.out.println("student defualt constructor");    }    public Student(String name) {        System.out.println("student constructor param name:" + name);        this.name = name;    }    public Student(String name, Integer age) {        System.out.println("student constructor param name:" + name + ", age:" + age);        this.name = name;        this.age = age;    }    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    public Integer getAge() {        return age;    }    public void setAge(Integer age) {        this.age = age;    }}
有参数,无返回值

构造方法援用,调用无参构造方法

Supplier<Student> s2 = Student::new;

public class LambdaConstructorTest {       /**     * 测试无参有返回值场景     */    @Test    public void testNoArgReturnValue(){        /**         * java.util.function.Supplier java8自带的函数式接口         * 返回一个student类对象         */        Supplier<Student> s1 = ()->new Student();        // 将s1改写为构造方法援用,调用无参构造方法        Supplier<Student> s2 = Student::new;        //获取返回对象        s1.get();        s2.get();    }}class Student {    private String name;    private Integer age;    public Student() {        System.out.println("student defualt constructor");    }    public Student(String name) {        System.out.println("student constructor param name:" + name);        this.name = name;    }    public Student(String name, Integer age) {        System.out.println("student constructor param name:" + name + ", age:" + age);        this.name = name;        this.age = age;    }    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    public Integer getAge() {        return age;    }    public void setAge(Integer age) {        this.age = age;    }}
有一个参数,有返回值

构造方法援用,调用带一个参数String name的构造方法

Function<String, Student> f2 = Student::new;

public class LambdaConstructorTest {      /**     * 测试有一个参数,有返回值     */    @Test    public void testArgsReturnValue(){        /**         * java.util.function.Function java8自带的函数式接口         *         * 返回值调用带有一个参数name的构造方法         */        Function<String, Student> f1 = name->new Student(name);        // 将f1改为构造方法援用,调用带一个参数String name的构造方法        Function<String, Student> f2 = Student::new;        f1.apply("zhang san");        f2.apply("li si");    }}class Student {    private String name;    private Integer age;    public Student() {        System.out.println("student defualt constructor");    }    public Student(String name) {        System.out.println("student constructor param name:" + name);        this.name = name;    }    public Student(String name, Integer age) {        System.out.println("student constructor param name:" + name + ", age:" + age);        this.name = name;        this.age = age;    }    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    public Integer getAge() {        return age;    }    public void setAge(Integer age) {        this.age = age;    }}
若是有2个或更多参数的构造方法又如何实现构造方法援用呢?这个作业留给大家练习。