命令简介
traceroute 命令用于显示数据包到主机间的门路信息。traceroute 命令利用 IP 协定的“生存工夫”字段，并尝试从每个网关到某个主机的门路引发 ICMP TIME_EXCEEDED 响应。
[root@CentOS7-1 ~]# traceroute-bash: traceroute: command not found[root@CentOS7-1 ~]# yum install traceroute -y语法格局
traceroute [-46dFITUnreAV] [-f first_ttl] [-g gate,...] [-i device] [-m max_ttl] [-p port] [-s src_addr] [-q nqueries] [-N squeries] [-t tos] [-l flow_label] [-w waittime] [-z sendwait] [-UL] [-D] [-P proto] [--sport=port] [-M method] [-O mod_options] [--mtu] [--back] host [packet_len] 选项阐明
-d #应用Socket级的性能-f<存活数值> #设置第一个检测数据包的存活数值TTL的大小-g<网关> #设置起源路由网关，最多可设置8个-i<网络界面> #应用指定的网络界面送出数据包-I #应用ICMP回应取代UDP-m<存活数值> #设置检测数据包的最大存活数值TTL的大小-n #应用IP地址-p<通信端口> #设置UDP传输协定的通信端口-r #疏忽Routing Table，间接将数据包送到远端主机上-s<起源地址> #设置本地主机送出数据包的IP地址-t<服务类型> #设置检测数据包的TOS数值-v #具体显示执行过程-w<超时秒数> #设置期待远端主机返回的工夫-x #开启或敞开数据包的正确性测验利用举例
实例
[root@CentOS7-1 ~]# traceroute www.bai.comtraceroute to www.bai.com (39.105.137.64), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 gateway (192.168.1.1) 1.362 ms 2.077 ms 1.252 ms 2 100.106.0.1 (100.106.0.1) 6.903 ms 6.256 ms 4.887 ms 3 112.26.21.65 (112.26.21.65) 5.686 ms 4.540 ms 5.581 ms 4 221.183.48.53 (221.183.48.53) 5.430 ms 5.964 ms 5.573 ms 5 221.183.40.33 (221.183.40.33) 25.211 ms 24.256 ms 23.582 ms 6 * * * 7 111.13.0.173 (111.13.0.173) 26.907 ms 111.13.188.37 (111.13.188.37) 30.360 ms 39.156.0.37 (39.156.0.37) 24.476 ms 8 39.156.7.41 (39.156.7.41) 27.161 ms 39.156.1.225 (39.156.1.225) 28.306 ms 39.156.7.41 (39.156.7.41) 26.763 ms 9 39.156.1.225 (39.156.1.225) 28.571 ms 39.156.7.41 (39.156.7.41) 26.401 ms 26.422 ms10 * 116.251.105.78 (116.251.105.78) 27.443 ms 123.56.34.14 (123.56.34.14) 28.939 ms11 119.38.212.89 (119.38.212.89) 28.758 ms 116.251.94.101 (116.251.94.101) 28.575 ms *12 * * *13 * * *14 * * *15 * * *16 * * *17 * * *18 * * *19 * * *20 * * *21 * * *22 * * *23 * * *24 * * *25 * * *26 * * *27 * * *28 * * *29 * * *30 * * *#每一行纪录就是一跳 ，每一跳示意一个网关，如果呈现*可能是防火墙禁止了ICMP数据包设置指定的跳数[root@CentOS7-1 ~]# traceroute -m 5 www.bai.comtraceroute to www.bai.com (39.105.137.64), 5 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 gateway (192.168.1.1) 0.891 ms 0.987 ms 1.232 ms 2 100.106.0.1 (100.106.0.1) 5.577 ms 4.535 ms 4.726 ms 3 112.26.21.65 (112.26.21.65) 4.923 ms 5.276 ms 5.243 ms 4 221.183.48.53 (221.183.48.53) 7.336 ms 5.865 ms 5.836 ms 5 221.183.40.33 (221.183.40.33) 25.271 ms 24.109 ms 24.157 ms显示IP地址，不查主机名
[root@CentOS7-1 ~]# traceroute -n www.bai.comtraceroute to www.bai.com (39.105.137.64), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 192.168.1.1 0.814 ms 0.553 ms 0.578 ms 2 100.106.0.1 6.032 ms 6.508 ms 6.238 ms 3 112.26.21.65 4.854 ms 4.691 ms 9.640 ms 4 221.183.48.53 7.241 ms 7.086 ms 6.928 ms 5 221.183.40.33 25.174 ms 25.030 ms 25.194 ms 6 * * * 7 111.13.188.37 27.009 ms 111.13.0.173 25.983 ms 39.156.0.46 25.386 ms 8 39.156.1.225 27.632 ms * 39.156.0.37 25.082 ms 9 * 116.251.112.186 28.673 ms 39.156.7.41 26.949 ms10 123.56.34.25 27.917 ms 116.251.94.113 27.853 ms 119.38.212.97 27.568 ms11 116.251.105.78 30.888 ms 119.38.212.85 28.531 ms *12 * * *13 * * *14 * * *15 * * *16 * * *17 * * *18 * * *19 * * *20 * * *21 * * *22 * * *23 * * *24 * * *25 * * *26 * * *27 * * *28 * * *29 * * *30 * * *把探测包的个数设置为值5
[root@CentOS7-1 ~]# traceroute -q 5 www.bai.comtraceroute to www.bai.com (39.105.137.64), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 gateway (192.168.1.1) 0.795 ms 0.568 ms 0.537 ms 0.474 ms 0.541 ms 2 100.106.0.1 (100.106.0.1) 4.805 ms 4.414 ms 4.843 ms 4.588 ms 4.957 ms 3 112.26.21.65 (112.26.21.65) 4.506 ms 4.574 ms 4.917 ms 4.877 ms 4.880 ms 4 221.183.48.53 (221.183.48.53) 6.155 ms 5.354 ms 5.462 ms 5.264 ms 4.733 ms 5 221.183.40.33 (221.183.40.33) 45.558 ms 24.936 ms 24.420 ms 24.374 ms 24.974 ms 6 * * * * * 7 39.156.0.46 (39.156.0.46) 25.993 ms 39.156.0.37 (39.156.0.37) 25.967 ms 111.13.0.173 (111.13.0.173) 26.491 ms 111.13.188.37 (111.13.188.37) 25.742 ms 26.645 ms 8 * 39.156.0.37 (39.156.0.37) 25.074 ms 39.156.0.46 (39.156.0.46) 25.646 ms 25.533 ms 39.156.0.37 (39.156.0.37) 27.975 ms 9 39.156.7.41 (39.156.7.41) 30.148 ms 39.156.1.225 (39.156.1.225) 27.671 ms 27.640 ms 39.156.7.41 (39.156.7.41) 27.215 ms 26.626 ms10 116.251.112.206 (116.251.112.206) 28.230 ms 116.251.112.214 (116.251.112.214) 28.362 ms * 119.38.212.85 (119.38.212.85) 27.916 ms 119.38.212.89 (119.38.212.89) 28.332 ms11 * * * * *12 * * * * *13 * * * * *14 * * * * *15 * * * * *16 * * * * *17 * * * * *18 * * * * *19 * * * * *20 * * * * *21 * * * * *22 * * * * *23 * * * * *24 * * * * *25 * * * * *26 * * * * *27 * * * * *28 * * * * *29 * * * * *30 * * * * *绕过失常的路由表，间接发送到网络相连的主机
[root@CentOS7-1 ~]# traceroute -r www.bai.comtraceroute to www.bai.com (39.105.137.64), 30 hops max, 60 byte packetsconnect: Network is unreachable[root@CentOS7-1 ~]# traceroute -r 192.168.1.100traceroute to 192.168.1.100 (192.168.1.100), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets 1 CentOS7-1 (192.168.1.100) 0.193 ms 0.004 ms 0.003 ms每天学一个 Linux 命令（70）：dig