通过class关键字,能够定义类。该办法定义的原型对象跟ES5定义的没有多少区别,只是用class的写法能让对象原型的定义更加清晰,更像面向对象编程的语法。

class Person{    constructor(name,age){        this.name = name;        this.age = age;        this.fun = ()=>console.log('constructor内的办法能够被遍历到哦')    }    say() {        console.log(`My name is ${this.name}`)    }}let p1 = new Person('Liane',18)p1.say()  //My name is Liane//应用class创立的构造函数,所有的办法都会被定义在prototype属性下面,因而是不可能被遍历到的。console.log(p1) //{name: 'Liane', age: 18,fun: f}for(let k in p1){    console.log(k) //name  //age  //fun}//所以,增加类的办法能够应用Object.assign()办法,一次性向类增加多个办法Object.assign(Person.prototype, {    growUp(){        return ++this.age    },    eat(food){        console.log(`${this.name}吃了${food}`)    }})p1.growUp()console.log(p1.age)   //19p1.eat('apple')//也可应用Object.getPrototypeOf(obj)办法获取obj的原型对象,再为原型增加办法或属性Object.getPrototypeOf(p1) === Person.prototype   //true

this的指向:
类的办法外部如果有this,它默认是指向类的实例,但如果将该办法提出来独自应用,this会指向该办法运行时的环境。因而咱们能够应用bind绑定this,或者应用箭头函数来解决。

class Logger{    printName(name){        this.print(`Hello ${name}`)    }    print(text){        console.log(text)    }}const logger = new Logger();const {printName} = logger;printName('Liane')  //报错

应用bind绑定this

class Logger{    constructor(){        this.printName = this.printName.bind(this)    }    printName(name){        this.print(`Hello ${name}`)    }    print(text) {        console.log(text)    }}const logger = new Logger();const {printName} = logger;printName('Liane')  //'Hello Liane'

应用箭头函数

class Logger{    constructor(){        this.printName =(name)=>this.print(`Hello ${name}`);    }    print(text) {        console.log(text)    }}const logger = new Logger();const {printName} = logger;printName('Liane')  //'Hello Liane'