转推流程序的过程:从一个观看地址拉流,而后推流到另一个推流地址。次要用于cdn之间转推,目前市面上大多数cdn厂商都违心不反对动静转推,因而只能通过转推流程序进行转推。

bug景象:应用obs studio推流到微赞能够胜利,然而应用Erlang版本的转推流程序推流到微赞却失败。

日志如下:

14:12:35.926 [debug] payload [{amf,["onBWDone",0,null]}], msgtype[command_msg_4_amf0] 14:12:35.949 [debug] play succ ======> url ["/live-sz/w1520993434573948"] 14:12:35.949 [debug] {rtmp_msg,4,0,data_msg_4_amf0,1,{amf,["|RtmpSampleAccess",true,true]}}14:12:35.949 [debug] {rtmp_msg,4,0,data_msg_4_amf0,1,{amf,["onStatus",{object,[{"code","NetStream.Data.Start"}]}]}}14:12:36.038 [error] gen_server <0.122.0> terminated with reason: no match of right hand value <<0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,113,142,194,240,185,25,41,180,242,33,5,112,128,97,178,8,79,179,28,53,152,242,82,43,234,104,113,246,170,189,182,146,122,36,155,3,152,180,226,122,36,97,52,67,53,158,107,170,178,119,209,132,40,233,102,182,142,233,218,71,55,8,121,67,117,58,130,91,107,224,202,5,1,132,37,245,143,231,20,198,121,204,57,80,102,165,104,245,79,71,254,169,15,3,166,12,148,45,24,62,253,66,93,139,84,139,54,236,47,5,98,95,51,231,222,144,8,153,232,166,227,151,57,98,214,63,238,167,212,49,51,160,83,248,246,199,...>> in rtmp_handshake:create_c2/2 line 61

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很显然是rtmp_handshake:create_c2/2函数呈现匹配谬误,对应代码如下:

-spec create_c2(C0C1, S0S1S2) -> Result when          C0C1 :: iodata(),          S0S1S2 :: binary(),          Result :: {ok, C2},          C2 :: iolist().create_c2(C0C1, S0S1S2) when is_list(C0C1) ->    create_c2(iolist_to_binary(C0C1), S0S1S2);create_c2(<<_C0:1/binary, C1:16#600/binary>>, <<S0:1/binary, S1:16#600/binary, S2:16#600/binary>>) ->    <<3>> = S0,    case C1 of        <<_:32, 0:32, _/binary>> ->            S2 = C1,            {ok, S1};        _ ->            {ok, S1DigestData} = verify_s1(S1),                DigestKey = crypto:hmac(sha256, ?C2_PUBLIC_KEY, S1DigestData),            C2Len = 16#600,            C2DigestDataLen = 32,            RandomBin = random_binary(C2Len - 8 - C2DigestDataLen),            {T1, T2, _} = now(),            Epoch = <<(1000000 * T1 + T2):32/little>>,            Data = [Epoch, binary:part(S1, 0, 4), RandomBin],            S2DigestData = crypto:hmac(sha256, DigestKey, Data),            {ok, [Data, S2DigestData]}    end.

rtmp握手过程中C1数据包匹配<<_:32, 0:32, _/binary>>格局后和S2数据包匹配不胜利,程序间接crash dump。因而须要弄清楚rtmp握手过程中是否有对S2和C1进行匹配验证。

Rtmp握手过程

此处重点关注rtmp握手过程中的C1和S2数据包。

先看官网文档中的握手过程,中文翻译版本能够参见:rtmp标准1.0。 官网文档中对于是否要保障C1和S2完全一致,并没有明确说法。因而能够先参见obs studio依赖的librtmp库,看握手过程是如何解决的。obs studio依赖的librtmp的代码如下连贯:

  1. https://github.com/obsproject...
  2. https://github.com/obsproject...

第一个链接rtmp.c中的代码是推流地址中没有加密串的状况下的握手过程代码,第二个链接handshake.h中的代码是推流地址中有加密串的状况下的握手过程代码。代码中应用条件编译CRYPTO宏来抉择编译不同的代码。其中HandShake函数属于客户端的握手函数,SHandShake属于服务端的握手函数。非加密版本具体C语言代码如下(已增加对应的中文正文进行阐明):

#ifndef CRYPTOstatic intHandShake(RTMP *r, int FP9HandShake){    //C0,C1 -- S0, S1, S2 -- C2 音讯握手协定    int i;    uint32_t uptime, suptime;    int bMatch;    char type;    char clientbuf[RTMP_SIG_SIZE + 1], *clientsig = clientbuf + 1;    char serversig[RTMP_SIG_SIZE];    clientbuf[0] = 0x03;  //C0, 一个字节。03代表协定版本号为3         /* not encrypted */    uptime = htonl(RTMP_GetTime());  //这是一个工夫戳,放在C1音讯头部      memcpy(clientsig, &uptime, 4);    memset(&clientsig[4], 0, 4);  //前面放4个字节的空数据而后就是随机数据      //前面是随机数据,总共1536字节的C1音讯 #ifdef _DEBUG    for (i = 8; i < RTMP_SIG_SIZE; i++)        clientsig[i] = 0xff;#else    for (i = 8; i < RTMP_SIG_SIZE; i++)        clientsig[i] = (char)(rand() % 256);#endif    //发送C0, C1音讯      if (!WriteN(r, clientbuf, RTMP_SIG_SIZE + 1))        return FALSE;    //上面读一个字节也就是S0音讯,看协定是否一样      if (ReadN(r, &type, 1) != 1)    /* 0x03 or 0x06 */        return FALSE;    RTMP_Log(RTMP_LOGDEBUG, "%s: Type Answer   : %02X", __FUNCTION__, type);    if (type != clientbuf[0])  //C/S版本不统一         RTMP_Log(RTMP_LOGWARNING, "%s: Type mismatch: client sent %d, server answered %d",                 __FUNCTION__, clientbuf[0], type);    //读取S1音讯,外面有服务器运行工夫      if (ReadN(r, serversig, RTMP_SIG_SIZE) != RTMP_SIG_SIZE)        return FALSE;    /* decode server response */    memcpy(&suptime, serversig, 4);    suptime = ntohl(suptime);    RTMP_Log(RTMP_LOGDEBUG, "%s: Server Uptime : %d", __FUNCTION__, suptime);    RTMP_Log(RTMP_LOGDEBUG, "%s: FMS Version   : %d.%d.%d.%d", __FUNCTION__,             serversig[4], serversig[5], serversig[6], serversig[7]);    /* 2nd part of handshake */    if (!WriteN(r, serversig, RTMP_SIG_SIZE))  //发送C2音讯,内容就等于S1音讯的内容。          return FALSE;    //读取S2音讯      if (ReadN(r, serversig, RTMP_SIG_SIZE) != RTMP_SIG_SIZE)        return FALSE;    //服务端返回的S2音讯和C1音讯进行了比对,然而即便没有match,也是返回TRUE,只是打印了log     bMatch = (memcmp(serversig, clientsig, RTMP_SIG_SIZE) == 0);    if (!bMatch)    {        RTMP_Log(RTMP_LOGWARNING, "%s, client signature does not match!", __FUNCTION__);    }    /* er, totally unused? */    (void)FP9HandShake;    return TRUE;}static intSHandShake(RTMP *r){    ...    return TRUE;}#endif

rtmp握手过程中的确存在对S2和C1进行匹配验证的操作,然而这个操作并不影响握手是否是胜利的,只是增加了一条warnning日志而已。因而obs studio还是能推流胜利。绝对应的在咱们的转推流程序中,须要针对这个状况不进行强认证,删除掉匹配的操作即可。

抓包剖析

以微赞和网宿为例

  • obs推流网宿握手胜利的包点此下载
  • obs推流微赞握手胜利的包点此下载

网宿推流没有走加密流程,S2和C1匹配,具体数据包截图如下:

微赞推流走加密流程,S2和C1不匹配,具体数据包截图如下:

到此,整个rtmp推流握手过程就比较清楚了。

因而只须要将Erlang代码的流程更改下即可(删除S2和C1的匹配过程),见上面的Erlang代码:

-spec create_c2(C0C1, S0S1S2) -> Result when          C0C1 :: iodata(),          S0S1S2 :: binary(),          Result :: {ok, C2},          C2 :: iolist().create_c2(C0C1, S0S1S2) when is_list(C0C1) ->    create_c2(iolist_to_binary(C0C1), S0S1S2);create_c2(<<_C0:1/binary, C1:16#600/binary>>, <<S0:1/binary, S1:16#600/binary, _S2:16#600/binary>>) ->    <<3>> = S0,    case C1 of        <<_:32, 0:32, _/binary>> ->          {ok, S1};        _ ->            {ok, S1DigestData} = verify_s1(S1),                DigestKey = crypto:hmac(sha256, ?C2_PUBLIC_KEY, S1DigestData),            C2Len = 16#600,            C2DigestDataLen = 32,            RandomBin = random_binary(C2Len - 8 - C2DigestDataLen),            {T1, T2, _} = now(),            Epoch = <<(1000000 * T1 + T2):32/little>>,            Data = [Epoch, binary:part(S1, 0, 4), RandomBin],            S2DigestData = crypto:hmac(sha256, DigestKey, Data),            {ok, [Data, S2DigestData]}    end.

至此,转推流胜利,示例图如下:

论断

尽管Adobe公司本人出的rtmp协定不是iso规范的,然而你们这些公司好歹也尽量依照规定来啊,贼鸡儿坑。


参考:

  • obs-studio: https://github.com/obsproject...
  • obs studio握手:https://github.com/obsproject...
  • RTMPdump(libRTMP)握手源代码:https://blog.csdn.net/leixiao...
  • rtmp协定过程剖析:https://www.cnblogs.com/lidab...
  • librtmp应用示例: https://github.com/leixiaohua...
  • rtmplib rtmp协定过程剖析:https://www.cnblogs.com/lidab...

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