前言
之前始终心心念的文件解决(导出/导入)终于在本周遇到了,一步一步尝试过去发现真的挺乏味的,在此记录Excel文件的导入与导出。
筹备
首先在我的项目的pom.xml文件引入依赖:
<!-- Microsoft文档的Java API --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> <artifactId>poi</artifactId> <version>4.1.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId> <version>4.1.2</version> </dependency>
Import
C层:
@PostMapping("upload") public void upload(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile multipartFile) throws IOException, InvalidFormatException { this.excelService.upload(multipartFile); }
M层:
@Override //上传文件 public void upload(MultipartFile multipartFile) throws IOException, InvalidFormatException { //文件大小 System.out.println(multipartFile.getSize()); //文件名 System.out.println(multipartFile.getOriginalFilename()); //读取文件信息 this.ReadFromFile(multipartFile); } @Override public void ReadFromFile(MultipartFile multipartFile) throws IOException, InvalidFormatException { //通过将整个文件输出流缓冲到内存中,结构一个XSSFWorkbook对象 Workbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(multipartFile.getInputStream()); //从第1行开始读取数据 Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0); //迭代器 Iterator<Row> rows = sheet.iterator(); while (rows.hasNext()) { Row currentRow = rows.next(); Iterator<Cell> cellsInRow = currentRow.iterator(); //循环,输入数据 while (cellsInRow.hasNext()) { Cell currentCell = cellsInRow.next(); System.out.println(currentCell); } workbook.close(); } }
因为在开发时是前后台拆散开发,因而在测试时应用了Postman进行了该办法的测试:
Headers
在Headers中勾销对原有的Content-Type的勾选, 而后增加KEY:Content-Type, 然而不增加VALUE : 在测试过程中,咱们实践上应该为其增加的Content-Type的value应该为: multipart/form-data, 然而通过屡次尝试发现, 无论其value为什么, 均会呈现:
The request was rejected because no multipart boundary was found in springboot
的问题, 起初在StackOverFlow上找到了如下答复:
The problem is that you are setting theContent-Type
by yourself, let it be blank. Google Chrome will do it for you. The multipartContent-Type
needs to know the file boundary, and when you remove theContent-Type
, Postman will do it automagically for you.
body
对于body, 咱们抉择的类型为form-data, 值得注意的是, key值类型默认为Text,咱们须要手动抉择一下:
将鼠标光标挪动到KEY第一栏最初一部分,会有抉择栏呈现, 而后咱们抉择File,这时VALUE一栏就会有Select Files按钮:
咱们将KEY值设置为file(与C层办法的@RequestParam("file")雷同)
测试
接下来咱们启动后盾,而后利用Postman验证办法是否可用:
测试表单:
Status信息处于控制台上方,并非在控制台中打印:
而后看一下后盾控制台输入:
7421104189855_2_Test_5_5.xlsx序号提交答卷工夫所用工夫起源起源详情来自IP1、单选测试12、(多选测试1选项1)2、(多选测试1选项2)3、(多选测试2选项1)3、(多选测试2选项2)4、单选测试25、填空测试16、填空测试21.02021/1/12 18:27:5533秒手机提交间接拜访183.197.57.68(河北-沧州)1.01.01.01.00.02.0填空测试1后果填空测试2后果2.02021/1/12 18:31:5616秒手机提交间接拜访183.197.61.88(河北-沧州)1.01.01.01.01.02.01.02.03.02021/1/12 18:31:5924秒手机提交间接拜访110.244.253.249(河北-沧州)1.01.01.01.01.02.01.02.04.02021/1/12 18:33:5342秒手机提交间接拜访221.192.178.136(河北-石家庄)1.01.01.01.01.02.01.02.05.02021/1/12 18:34:5818秒手机提交间接拜访122.96.40.68(江苏-南京)1.01.01.01.01.02.0。。
Export
C层
@GetMapping("dataExport") public void dataExport(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException { this.excelService.dataExport(response.getOutputStream()); }
M层
//输入文件 this.export(outputStream); public void export(ServletOutputStream outputStream) throws IOException { //增加表头数据 writeHeaderLine(); //在增加每行数据时应用, 从第二行开始写入 this.rowCount = 1; //增加每行数据 writeDataLines(); workbook.write(outputStream); workbook.close(); outputStream.close(); } public void writeHeaderLine(List<Question> questions) { workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(); sheet = workbook.createSheet(RandomString.make(6)); //创立第一行 Row row = sheet.createRow(0); //每行的款式 CellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle(); XSSFFont font = workbook.createFont(); font.setBold(true); font.setFontHeight(16); style.setFont(font); //列 从0开始,可自增 AtomicInteger columnCount = new AtomicInteger(0); for (int i = 0; i< 5; i++) { createCell(row, columnCount.getAndIncrement(), RandomString.make(6), style); } } public void writeDataLines(AnswerSheet answerSheet) { CellStyle style = workbook.createCellStyle(); XSSFFont font = workbook.createFont(); font.setFontName("Calibri"); font.setFontHeight(14); style.setFont(font); Row row = sheet.createRow(rowCount++); AtomicInteger columnCount = new AtomicInteger(0); for (int i = 0; i< 5; i++) { createCell(row, columnCount.getAndIncrement(), RandomString.make(6), style); } }
测试:
在不启动前台的条件下, 咱们能够在C层增加如下代码进行测试:
@GetMapping("dataExport") public void dataExport(HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException { response.setContentType("application/octet-stream"); DateFormat dateFormatter = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd_HH:mm:ss"); String currentDateTime = dateFormatter.format(new Date()); String headerKey = "Content-Disposition"; //设置filename String headerValue = "attachment; filename=tests" + currentDateTime + ".xlsx"; response.setHeader(headerKey, headerValue); this.excelService.dataExport(response.getOutputStream()); }
而后发动申请(应用浏览器拜访url),查看后果:
总结
能让数据库的数据变成.xlsx文件展示,能让.xlsx文件的数据存储到数据库中,也的确很神奇,这就是代码的乐趣吧。