SpringMVC的配置和原理:
1.Spring MVC的配置:
1.在pom.xml中引入springmvc所须要的jar包:
<dependencies> <!-- Spring MVC的jar包 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>4.1.3.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <!-- servlet 和 jsp 的jar包 --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <version>2.5</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId> <version>2.0</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <!-- 单元测试 --> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.10</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies>
2.在web.xml中 配置前端控制器
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" version="2.5"><!-- 配置springmvc前端控制器(DispatcherServlet),将所有申请交给springmvc来解决 --><servlet> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <!-- 配置springmvc外围配置文件的地位,默认springmvc的配置文件在WEB-INF录下,默认的名字为springmvc-servlet.xml,如果要放在其余目录,则须要指定如下配置: --> <init-param> <!-- 这里配置的是固定值 --> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <!-- 这里依据文件名和地位决定xml文件的门路 --> <param-value>classpath:springmvc-config.xml</param-value> </init-param></servlet><servlet-mapping> <!-- 此名字要与下面的name一样 --> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <!--/*:拦挡动态web资源(html/css/JS/图片),包含JSP /:拦挡动态web资源,不包含JSP --> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern></servlet-mapping></web-app>
3.创立并配置springmvc-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!-- Spring MVC 束缚 --><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd"><!-- 1.配置前端控制器放行动态资源,否则无法访问动态资源 --><mvc:default-servlet-handler/><!-- 2.配置注解驱动,用于辨认注解 --><mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven><!-- 3.配置须要扫描的包:spring主动去扫描 base-package 下的类, 如果扫描到的类上有 @Controller、@Service、@Component等注解, 将会主动将类注册为bean --><context:component-scan base-package="cn.tedu.controller"></context:component-scan><!-- 4.配置外部资源视图解析器 prefix:配置门路前缀 suffix:配置文件后缀 --><bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"><property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/pages/" /><property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /></bean></beans>
2.Spring MVC的原理图: